feat(python): add "ty" linter

Fixes: #4971

ale_linters/python/ty.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+" Description: ty as linter for python files
+
+call ale#Set('python_ty_executable', 'ty')
+call ale#Set('python_ty_options', '')
+call ale#Set('python_ty_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 1))
+call ale#Set('python_ty_change_directory', 1)
+call ale#Set('python_ty_auto_pipenv', 0)
+call ale#Set('python_ty_auto_poetry', 0)
+call ale#Set('python_ty_auto_uv', 0)
+
+function! ale_linters#python#ty#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    if (ale#Var(a:buffer, 'python_auto_pipenv') || ale#Var(a:buffer, 'python_ty_auto_pipenv'))
+    \ && ale#python#PipenvPresent(a:buffer)
+        return 'pipenv'
+    endif
+
+    if (ale#Var(a:buffer, 'python_auto_poetry') || ale#Var(a:buffer, 'python_ty_auto_poetry'))
+    \ && ale#python#PoetryPresent(a:buffer)
+        return 'poetry'
+    endif
+
+    if (ale#Var(a:buffer, 'python_auto_uv') || ale#Var(a:buffer, 'python_ty_auto_uv'))
+    \ && ale#python#UvPresent(a:buffer)
+        return 'uv'
+    endif
+
+    return ale#python#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'python_ty', ['ty'])
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#python#ty#GetCwd(buffer) abort
+    if ale#Var(a:buffer, 'python_ty_change_directory')
+        " Run from project root if found, else from buffer dir.
+        let l:project_root = ale#python#FindProjectRoot(a:buffer)
+
+        return !empty(l:project_root) ? l:project_root : '%s:h'
+    endif
+
+    return ''
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#python#ty#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = ale_linters#python#ty#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+    let l:exec_args = l:executable =~? '\(pipenv\|poetry\|uv\)$' ? ' run ty ' : ''
+
+    let l:exec_args = l:exec_args . ' check --output-format gitlab '
+
+    return ale#Escape(l:executable) . l:exec_args . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'python_ty_options')) . ' %s'
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#python#ty#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
+    let l:output = []
+
+    let l:items = json_decode(join(a:lines, ''))
+    if empty(l:items)
+        return l:output
+    endif
+
+    for l:item in l:items
+        call add(l:output, {
+        \   'lnum': l:item.location.positions.begin.line,
+        \   'col': l:item.location.positions.begin.column,
+        \   'end_lnum': l:item.location.positions.end.line,
+        \   'end_col': l:item.location.positions.end.column,
+        \   'code': l:item.check_name,
+        \   'text': l:item.description,
+        \   'type': l:item.severity =~? 'major' ? 'E' : 'W',
+        \})
+    endfor
+
+    return l:output
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('python', {
+\   'name': 'ty',
+\   'executable': function('ale_linters#python#ty#GetExecutable'),
+\   'cwd': function('ale_linters#python#ty#GetCwd'),
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#python#ty#GetCommand'),
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#python#ty#Handle',
+\   'output_stream': 'stdout',
+\})