Add clang-check linter for C (#4662)

* Close #976 - add clang-check to C linters

* Update docs

ale_linters/c/clangcheck.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+" Author: gagbo <gagbobada@gmail.com>
+"       : luibo <ng.akhoa98@gmail.com>
+"       : Jorengarenar <jorengarenar@outlook.com>
+" Description: clang-check linter for C files
+"              modified from cpp/clangcheck.vim to match for C
+
+call ale#Set('c_clangcheck_executable', 'clang-check')
+call ale#Set('c_clangcheck_options', '')
+call ale#Set('c_build_dir', '')
+
+function! ale_linters#c#clangcheck#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:user_options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clangcheck_options')
+
+    " Try to find compilation database to link automatically
+    let l:build_dir = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_build_dir')
+
+    if empty(l:build_dir)
+        let [l:root, l:json_file] = ale#c#FindCompileCommands(a:buffer)
+        let l:build_dir = ale#path#Dirname(l:json_file)
+    endif
+
+    " The extra arguments in the command are used to prevent .plist files from
+    " being generated. These are only added if no build directory can be
+    " detected.
+    return '%e -analyze %s'
+    \   . (empty(l:build_dir) ? ' --extra-arg=-Xclang --extra-arg=-analyzer-output=text --extra-arg=-fno-color-diagnostics': '')
+    \   . ale#Pad(l:user_options)
+    \   . (!empty(l:build_dir) ? ' -p ' . ale#Escape(l:build_dir) : '')
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('c', {
+\   'name': 'clangcheck',
+\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
+\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'c_clangcheck_executable')},
+\   'command': function('ale_linters#c#clangcheck#GetCommand'),
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
+\   'lint_file': 1,
+\})