import random if random.choice([0, 1]): x = '' else: x = 1 if random.choice([0, 1]): y = '' else: y = 1 # A simple test if x != 1: x.upper() else: #! 2 attribute-error x.upper() pass # This operation is wrong, because the types could be different. #! 6 type-error-operation z = x + y # However, here we have correct types. if type(x) == type(y): z = x + y