Add _locale module (#10859)

More accurately reflect the platform availability of several constants and functions in `locale`.

stdlib/locale.pyi

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import sys
-from _typeshed import StrPath
-from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable, Mapping
+from collections.abc import Callable
 
 __all__ = [
     "getlocale",
@@ -20,7 +19,6 @@ __all__ = [
     "normalize",
     "LC_CTYPE",
     "LC_COLLATE",
-    "LC_MESSAGES",
     "LC_TIME",
     "LC_MONETARY",
     "LC_NUMERIC",
@@ -34,88 +32,102 @@ if sys.version_info >= (3, 11):
 if sys.version_info < (3, 12):
     __all__ += ["format"]
 
+if sys.platform != "win32":
+    __all__ += ["LC_MESSAGES"]
+
+from _locale import (
+    CHAR_MAX as CHAR_MAX,
+    LC_ALL as LC_ALL,
+    LC_COLLATE as LC_COLLATE,
+    LC_CTYPE as LC_CTYPE,
+    LC_MONETARY as LC_MONETARY,
+    LC_NUMERIC as LC_NUMERIC,
+    LC_TIME as LC_TIME,
+    localeconv as localeconv,
+    setlocale as setlocale,
+    strcoll as strcoll,
+    strxfrm as strxfrm,
+)
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 11):
+    from _locale import getencoding as getencoding
+
+# Some parts of the `_locale` module are platform-specific:
+if sys.platform != "win32":
+    from _locale import (
+        ABDAY_1 as ABDAY_1,
+        ABDAY_2 as ABDAY_2,
+        ABDAY_3 as ABDAY_3,
+        ABDAY_4 as ABDAY_4,
+        ABDAY_5 as ABDAY_5,
+        ABDAY_6 as ABDAY_6,
+        ABDAY_7 as ABDAY_7,
+        ABMON_1 as ABMON_1,
+        ABMON_2 as ABMON_2,
+        ABMON_3 as ABMON_3,
+        ABMON_4 as ABMON_4,
+        ABMON_5 as ABMON_5,
+        ABMON_6 as ABMON_6,
+        ABMON_7 as ABMON_7,
+        ABMON_8 as ABMON_8,
+        ABMON_9 as ABMON_9,
+        ABMON_10 as ABMON_10,
+        ABMON_11 as ABMON_11,
+        ABMON_12 as ABMON_12,
+        ALT_DIGITS as ALT_DIGITS,
+        AM_STR as AM_STR,
+        CODESET as CODESET,
+        CRNCYSTR as CRNCYSTR,
+        D_FMT as D_FMT,
+        D_T_FMT as D_T_FMT,
+        DAY_1 as DAY_1,
+        DAY_2 as DAY_2,
+        DAY_3 as DAY_3,
+        DAY_4 as DAY_4,
+        DAY_5 as DAY_5,
+        DAY_6 as DAY_6,
+        DAY_7 as DAY_7,
+        ERA as ERA,
+        ERA_D_FMT as ERA_D_FMT,
+        ERA_D_T_FMT as ERA_D_T_FMT,
+        ERA_T_FMT as ERA_T_FMT,
+        LC_MESSAGES as LC_MESSAGES,
+        MON_1 as MON_1,
+        MON_2 as MON_2,
+        MON_3 as MON_3,
+        MON_4 as MON_4,
+        MON_5 as MON_5,
+        MON_6 as MON_6,
+        MON_7 as MON_7,
+        MON_8 as MON_8,
+        MON_9 as MON_9,
+        MON_10 as MON_10,
+        MON_11 as MON_11,
+        MON_12 as MON_12,
+        NOEXPR as NOEXPR,
+        PM_STR as PM_STR,
+        RADIXCHAR as RADIXCHAR,
+        T_FMT as T_FMT,
+        T_FMT_AMPM as T_FMT_AMPM,
+        THOUSEP as THOUSEP,
+        YESEXPR as YESEXPR,
+        bind_textdomain_codeset as bind_textdomain_codeset,
+        bindtextdomain as bindtextdomain,
+        dcgettext as dcgettext,
+        dgettext as dgettext,
+        gettext as gettext,
+        nl_langinfo as nl_langinfo,
+        textdomain as textdomain,
+    )
+
 # This module defines a function "str()", which is why "str" can't be used
 # as a type annotation or type alias.
 from builtins import str as _str
 from decimal import Decimal
 from typing import Any
 
-CODESET: int
-D_T_FMT: int
-D_FMT: int
-T_FMT: int
-T_FMT_AMPM: int
-AM_STR: int
-PM_STR: int
-
-DAY_1: int
-DAY_2: int
-DAY_3: int
-DAY_4: int
-DAY_5: int
-DAY_6: int
-DAY_7: int
-ABDAY_1: int
-ABDAY_2: int
-ABDAY_3: int
-ABDAY_4: int
-ABDAY_5: int
-ABDAY_6: int
-ABDAY_7: int
-
-MON_1: int
-MON_2: int
-MON_3: int
-MON_4: int
-MON_5: int
-MON_6: int
-MON_7: int
-MON_8: int
-MON_9: int
-MON_10: int
-MON_11: int
-MON_12: int
-ABMON_1: int
-ABMON_2: int
-ABMON_3: int
-ABMON_4: int
-ABMON_5: int
-ABMON_6: int
-ABMON_7: int
-ABMON_8: int
-ABMON_9: int
-ABMON_10: int
-ABMON_11: int
-ABMON_12: int
-
-RADIXCHAR: int
-THOUSEP: int
-YESEXPR: int
-NOEXPR: int
-CRNCYSTR: int
-
-ERA: int
-ERA_D_T_FMT: int
-ERA_D_FMT: int
-ERA_T_FMT: int
-
-ALT_DIGITS: int
-
-LC_CTYPE: int
-LC_COLLATE: int
-LC_TIME: int
-LC_MONETARY: int
-LC_MESSAGES: int
-LC_NUMERIC: int
-LC_ALL: int
-
-CHAR_MAX: int
-
 class Error(Exception): ...
 
-def setlocale(category: int, locale: _str | Iterable[_str | None] | None = None) -> _str: ...
-def localeconv() -> Mapping[_str, int | _str | list[int]]: ...
-def nl_langinfo(__key: int) -> _str: ...
 def getdefaultlocale(
     envvars: tuple[_str, ...] = ("LC_ALL", "LC_CTYPE", "LANG", "LANGUAGE")
 ) -> tuple[_str | None, _str | None]: ...
@@ -123,8 +135,6 @@ def getlocale(category: int = ...) -> tuple[_str | None, _str | None]: ...
 def getpreferredencoding(do_setlocale: bool = True) -> _str: ...
 def normalize(localename: _str) -> _str: ...
 def resetlocale(category: int = ...) -> None: ...
-def strcoll(__os1: _str, __os2: _str) -> int: ...
-def strxfrm(__string: _str) -> _str: ...
 
 if sys.version_info < (3, 12):
     def format(
@@ -138,20 +148,6 @@ def atof(string: _str, func: Callable[[_str], float] = ...) -> float: ...
 def atoi(string: _str) -> int: ...
 def str(val: float) -> _str: ...
 
-# native gettext functions
-# https://docs.python.org/3/library/locale.html#access-to-message-catalogs
-# https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/f4c03484da59049eb62a9bf7777b963e2267d187/Modules/_localemodule.c#L626
-if sys.platform == "linux" or sys.platform == "darwin":
-    def gettext(__msg: _str) -> _str: ...
-    def dgettext(__domain: _str | None, __msg: _str) -> _str: ...
-    def dcgettext(__domain: _str | None, __msg: _str, __category: int) -> _str: ...
-    def textdomain(__domain: _str | None) -> _str: ...
-    def bindtextdomain(__domain: _str, __dir: StrPath | None) -> _str: ...
-    def bind_textdomain_codeset(__domain: _str, __codeset: _str | None) -> _str | None: ...
-
-if sys.version_info >= (3, 11):
-    def getencoding() -> _str: ...
-
 locale_alias: dict[_str, _str]  # undocumented
 locale_encoding_alias: dict[_str, _str]  # undocumented
 windows_locale: dict[int, _str]  # undocumented