diff --git a/stdlib/builtins.pyi b/stdlib/builtins.pyi
index f7b1eb4b0..f25777eea 100644
--- a/stdlib/builtins.pyi
+++ b/stdlib/builtins.pyi
@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@ from typing import (  # noqa: Y027
     SupportsComplex,
     SupportsFloat,
     SupportsInt,
-    SupportsRound,
     TypeVar,
     overload,
     type_check_only,
@@ -1619,12 +1618,21 @@ class reversed(Iterator[_T], Generic[_T]):
     def __length_hint__(self) -> int: ...
 
 def repr(__obj: object) -> str: ...
+
+# See https://github.com/python/typeshed/pull/9141
+# and https://github.com/python/typeshed/pull/9151
+# on why we don't use `SupportsRound` from `typing.pyi`
+
+class _SupportsRound1(Protocol[_T_co]):
+    def __round__(self) -> _T_co: ...
+
+class _SupportsRound2(Protocol[_T_co]):
+    def __round__(self, __ndigits: int) -> _T_co: ...
+
 @overload
-def round(number: SupportsRound[Any]) -> int: ...
+def round(number: _SupportsRound1[_T], ndigits: None = ...) -> _T: ...
 @overload
-def round(number: SupportsRound[Any], ndigits: None) -> int: ...
-@overload
-def round(number: SupportsRound[_T], ndigits: SupportsIndex) -> _T: ...
+def round(number: _SupportsRound2[_T], ndigits: SupportsIndex) -> _T: ...
 
 # See https://github.com/python/typeshed/pull/6292#discussion_r748875189
 # for why arg 3 of `setattr` should be annotated with `Any` and not `object`
diff --git a/test_cases/stdlib/builtins/check_round.py b/test_cases/stdlib/builtins/check_round.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2648208bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test_cases/stdlib/builtins/check_round.py
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import overload
+from typing_extensions import assert_type
+
+
+class CustomIndex:
+    def __index__(self) -> int:
+        return 1
+
+
+# float:
+
+assert_type(round(5.5), int)
+assert_type(round(5.5, None), int)
+assert_type(round(5.5, 0), float)
+assert_type(round(5.5, 1), float)
+assert_type(round(5.5, 5), float)
+assert_type(round(5.5, CustomIndex()), float)
+
+# int:
+
+assert_type(round(1), int)
+assert_type(round(1, 1), int)
+assert_type(round(1, None), int)
+assert_type(round(1, CustomIndex()), int)
+
+# Protocols:
+
+
+class WithCustomRound1:
+    def __round__(self) -> str:
+        return "a"
+
+
+assert_type(round(WithCustomRound1()), str)
+assert_type(round(WithCustomRound1(), None), str)
+# Errors:
+round(WithCustomRound1(), 1)  # type: ignore
+round(WithCustomRound1(), CustomIndex())  # type: ignore
+
+
+class WithCustomRound2:
+    def __round__(self, digits: int) -> str:
+        return "a"
+
+
+assert_type(round(WithCustomRound2(), 1), str)
+assert_type(round(WithCustomRound2(), CustomIndex()), str)
+# Errors:
+round(WithCustomRound2(), None)  # type: ignore
+round(WithCustomRound2())  # type: ignore
+
+
+class WithOverloadedRound:
+    @overload
+    def __round__(self, ndigits: None = ...) -> str:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def __round__(self, ndigits: int) -> bytes:
+        ...
+
+    def __round__(self, ndigits: int | None = None) -> str | bytes:
+        return b"" if ndigits is None else ""
+
+
+assert_type(round(WithOverloadedRound()), str)
+assert_type(round(WithOverloadedRound(), None), str)
+assert_type(round(WithOverloadedRound(), 1), bytes)