Big diff: Use new "|" union syntax (#5872)

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/_compat.pyi

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import sys
-from typing import Any, Optional, Text
+from typing import Any, Text
 
 if sys.version_info >= (3,):
     from io import BytesIO as BytesIO, StringIO as StringIO
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ def wsgi_decoding_dance(s, charset: Text = ..., errors: Text = ...): ...
 def wsgi_encoding_dance(s, charset: Text = ..., errors: Text = ...): ...
 def to_bytes(x, charset: Text = ..., errors: Text = ...): ...
 def to_native(x, charset: Text = ..., errors: Text = ...): ...
-def reraise(tp, value, tb: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+def reraise(tp, value, tb: Any | None = ...): ...
 
 imap: Any
 izip: Any

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/_internal.pyi

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 class _Missing:
     def __reduce__(self): ...
@@ -13,14 +13,14 @@ class _DictAccessorProperty:
     def __init__(
         self,
         name,
-        default: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        load_func: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        dump_func: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        read_only: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        doc: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        default: Any | None = ...,
+        load_func: Any | None = ...,
+        dump_func: Any | None = ...,
+        read_only: Any | None = ...,
+        doc: Any | None = ...,
     ): ...
-    def __get__(self, obj, type: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __get__(self, obj, type: Any | None = ...): ...
     def __set__(self, obj, value): ...
     def __delete__(self, obj): ...
 
-def _easteregg(app: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+def _easteregg(app: Any | None = ...): ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/_reloader.pyi

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 class ReloaderLoop:
     name: Any
     extra_files: Any
     interval: float
-    def __init__(self, extra_files: Optional[Any] = ..., interval: float = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, extra_files: Any | None = ..., interval: float = ...): ...
     def run(self): ...
     def restart_with_reloader(self): ...
     def trigger_reload(self, filename): ...
@@ -26,4 +26,4 @@ class WatchdogReloaderLoop(ReloaderLoop):
 
 reloader_loops: Any
 
-def run_with_reloader(main_func, extra_files: Optional[Any] = ..., interval: float = ..., reloader_type: str = ...): ...
+def run_with_reloader(main_func, extra_files: Any | None = ..., interval: float = ..., reloader_type: str = ...): ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/contrib/atom.pyi

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 XHTML_NAMESPACE: Any
 
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ class AtomFeed:
     generator: Any
     links: Any
     entries: Any
-    def __init__(self, title: Optional[Any] = ..., entries: Optional[Any] = ..., **kwargs): ...
+    def __init__(self, title: Any | None = ..., entries: Any | None = ..., **kwargs): ...
     def add(self, *args, **kwargs): ...
     def generate(self): ...
     def to_string(self): ...
@@ -45,6 +45,6 @@ class FeedEntry:
     links: Any
     categories: Any
     xml_base: Any
-    def __init__(self, title: Optional[Any] = ..., content: Optional[Any] = ..., feed_url: Optional[Any] = ..., **kwargs): ...
+    def __init__(self, title: Any | None = ..., content: Any | None = ..., feed_url: Any | None = ..., **kwargs): ...
     def generate(self): ...
     def to_string(self): ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/contrib/cache.pyi

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 class BaseCache:
     default_timeout: float
@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ class BaseCache:
     def delete(self, key): ...
     def get_many(self, *keys): ...
     def get_dict(self, *keys): ...
-    def set(self, key, value, timeout: Optional[float] = ...): ...
-    def add(self, key, value, timeout: Optional[float] = ...): ...
-    def set_many(self, mapping, timeout: Optional[float] = ...): ...
+    def set(self, key, value, timeout: float | None = ...): ...
+    def add(self, key, value, timeout: float | None = ...): ...
+    def set_many(self, mapping, timeout: float | None = ...): ...
     def delete_many(self, *keys): ...
     def has(self, key): ...
     def clear(self): ...
@@ -22,20 +22,20 @@ class SimpleCache(BaseCache):
     clear: Any
     def __init__(self, threshold: int = ..., default_timeout: float = ...): ...
     def get(self, key): ...
-    def set(self, key, value, timeout: Optional[float] = ...): ...
-    def add(self, key, value, timeout: Optional[float] = ...): ...
+    def set(self, key, value, timeout: float | None = ...): ...
+    def add(self, key, value, timeout: float | None = ...): ...
     def delete(self, key): ...
     def has(self, key): ...
 
 class MemcachedCache(BaseCache):
     key_prefix: Any
-    def __init__(self, servers: Optional[Any] = ..., default_timeout: float = ..., key_prefix: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, servers: Any | None = ..., default_timeout: float = ..., key_prefix: Any | None = ...): ...
     def get(self, key): ...
     def get_dict(self, *keys): ...
-    def add(self, key, value, timeout: Optional[float] = ...): ...
-    def set(self, key, value, timeout: Optional[float] = ...): ...
+    def add(self, key, value, timeout: float | None = ...): ...
+    def set(self, key, value, timeout: float | None = ...): ...
     def get_many(self, *keys): ...
-    def set_many(self, mapping, timeout: Optional[float] = ...): ...
+    def set_many(self, mapping, timeout: float | None = ...): ...
     def delete(self, key): ...
     def delete_many(self, *keys): ...
     def has(self, key): ...
@@ -52,19 +52,19 @@ class RedisCache(BaseCache):
         self,
         host: str = ...,
         port: int = ...,
-        password: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        password: Any | None = ...,
         db: int = ...,
         default_timeout: float = ...,
-        key_prefix: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        key_prefix: Any | None = ...,
         **kwargs,
     ): ...
     def dump_object(self, value): ...
     def load_object(self, value): ...
     def get(self, key): ...
     def get_many(self, *keys): ...
-    def set(self, key, value, timeout: Optional[float] = ...): ...
-    def add(self, key, value, timeout: Optional[float] = ...): ...
-    def set_many(self, mapping, timeout: Optional[float] = ...): ...
+    def set(self, key, value, timeout: float | None = ...): ...
+    def add(self, key, value, timeout: float | None = ...): ...
+    def set_many(self, mapping, timeout: float | None = ...): ...
     def delete(self, key): ...
     def delete_many(self, *keys): ...
     def has(self, key): ...
@@ -76,8 +76,8 @@ class FileSystemCache(BaseCache):
     def __init__(self, cache_dir, threshold: int = ..., default_timeout: float = ..., mode: int = ...): ...
     def clear(self): ...
     def get(self, key): ...
-    def add(self, key, value, timeout: Optional[float] = ...): ...
-    def set(self, key, value, timeout: Optional[float] = ...): ...
+    def add(self, key, value, timeout: float | None = ...): ...
+    def set(self, key, value, timeout: float | None = ...): ...
     def delete(self, key): ...
     def has(self, key): ...
 
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ class UWSGICache(BaseCache):
     def __init__(self, default_timeout: float = ..., cache: str = ...): ...
     def get(self, key): ...
     def delete(self, key): ...
-    def set(self, key, value, timeout: Optional[float] = ...): ...
-    def add(self, key, value, timeout: Optional[float] = ...): ...
+    def set(self, key, value, timeout: float | None = ...): ...
+    def add(self, key, value, timeout: float | None = ...): ...
     def clear(self): ...
     def has(self, key): ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/contrib/fixers.pyi

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 from _typeshed.wsgi import StartResponse, WSGIApplication, WSGIEnvironment
-from typing import Any, Iterable, List, Mapping, Optional, Set, Text
+from typing import Any, Iterable, List, Mapping, Set, Text
 
 from ..middleware.proxy_fix import ProxyFix as ProxyFix
 
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class HeaderRewriterFix(object):
     remove_headers: Set[Text]
     add_headers: List[Text]
     def __init__(
-        self, app: WSGIApplication, remove_headers: Optional[Iterable[Text]] = ..., add_headers: Optional[Iterable[Text]] = ...
+        self, app: WSGIApplication, remove_headers: Iterable[Text] | None = ..., add_headers: Iterable[Text] | None = ...
     ) -> None: ...
     def __call__(self, environ: WSGIEnvironment, start_response: StartResponse) -> Iterable[bytes]: ...
 
@@ -30,6 +30,6 @@ class InternetExplorerFix(object):
     fix_vary: bool
     fix_attach: bool
     def __init__(self, app: WSGIApplication, fix_vary: bool = ..., fix_attach: bool = ...) -> None: ...
-    def fix_headers(self, environ: WSGIEnvironment, headers: Mapping[str, str], status: Optional[Any] = ...) -> None: ...
+    def fix_headers(self, environ: WSGIEnvironment, headers: Mapping[str, str], status: Any | None = ...) -> None: ...
     def run_fixed(self, environ: WSGIEnvironment, start_response: StartResponse) -> Iterable[bytes]: ...
     def __call__(self, environ: WSGIEnvironment, start_response: StartResponse) -> Iterable[bytes]: ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/contrib/iterio.pyi

@@ -1,25 +1,25 @@
-from typing import Any, Optional, Text, Union
+from typing import Any, Text
 
 greenlet: Any
 
 class IterIO:
-    def __new__(cls, obj, sentinel: Union[Text, bytes] = ...): ...
+    def __new__(cls, obj, sentinel: Text | bytes = ...): ...
     def __iter__(self): ...
     def tell(self): ...
     def isatty(self): ...
     def seek(self, pos, mode: int = ...): ...
-    def truncate(self, size: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def truncate(self, size: Any | None = ...): ...
     def write(self, s): ...
     def writelines(self, list): ...
     def read(self, n: int = ...): ...
     def readlines(self, sizehint: int = ...): ...
-    def readline(self, length: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def readline(self, length: Any | None = ...): ...
     def flush(self): ...
     def __next__(self): ...
 
 class IterI(IterIO):
     sentinel: Any
-    def __new__(cls, func, sentinel: Union[Text, bytes] = ...): ...
+    def __new__(cls, func, sentinel: Text | bytes = ...): ...
     closed: Any
     def close(self): ...
     def write(self, s): ...
@@ -30,10 +30,10 @@ class IterO(IterIO):
     sentinel: Any
     closed: Any
     pos: Any
-    def __new__(cls, gen, sentinel: Union[Text, bytes] = ...): ...
+    def __new__(cls, gen, sentinel: Text | bytes = ...): ...
     def __iter__(self): ...
     def close(self): ...
     def seek(self, pos, mode: int = ...): ...
     def read(self, n: int = ...): ...
-    def readline(self, length: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def readline(self, length: Any | None = ...): ...
     def readlines(self, sizehint: int = ...): ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/contrib/securecookie.pyi

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from hashlib import sha1 as _default_hash
 from hmac import new as hmac
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 from werkzeug.contrib.sessions import ModificationTrackingDict
 
@@ -12,28 +12,28 @@ class SecureCookie(ModificationTrackingDict[Any, Any]):
     quote_base64: Any
     secret_key: Any
     new: Any
-    def __init__(self, data: Optional[Any] = ..., secret_key: Optional[Any] = ..., new: bool = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, data: Any | None = ..., secret_key: Any | None = ..., new: bool = ...): ...
     @property
     def should_save(self): ...
     @classmethod
     def quote(cls, value): ...
     @classmethod
     def unquote(cls, value): ...
-    def serialize(self, expires: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def serialize(self, expires: Any | None = ...): ...
     @classmethod
     def unserialize(cls, string, secret_key): ...
     @classmethod
-    def load_cookie(cls, request, key: str = ..., secret_key: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def load_cookie(cls, request, key: str = ..., secret_key: Any | None = ...): ...
     def save_cookie(
         self,
         response,
         key: str = ...,
-        expires: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        session_expires: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        max_age: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        expires: Any | None = ...,
+        session_expires: Any | None = ...,
+        max_age: Any | None = ...,
         path: str = ...,
-        domain: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        secure: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        domain: Any | None = ...,
+        secure: Any | None = ...,
         httponly: bool = ...,
         force: bool = ...,
     ): ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/contrib/sessions.pyi

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-from typing import Any, Optional, Text, TypeVar
+from typing import Any, Text, TypeVar
 
 from werkzeug.datastructures import CallbackDict
 
 _K = TypeVar("_K")
 _V = TypeVar("_V")
 
-def generate_key(salt: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+def generate_key(salt: Any | None = ...): ...
 
 class ModificationTrackingDict(CallbackDict[_K, _V]):
     modified: Any
@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ class Session(ModificationTrackingDict[_K, _V]):
 
 class SessionStore:
     session_class: Any
-    def __init__(self, session_class: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, session_class: Any | None = ...): ...
     def is_valid_key(self, key): ...
-    def generate_key(self, salt: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def generate_key(self, salt: Any | None = ...): ...
     def new(self): ...
     def save(self, session): ...
     def save_if_modified(self, session): ...
@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ class FilesystemSessionStore(SessionStore):
     mode: Any
     def __init__(
         self,
-        path: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        path: Any | None = ...,
         filename_template: Text = ...,
-        session_class: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        session_class: Any | None = ...,
         renew_missing: bool = ...,
         mode: int = ...,
     ): ...
@@ -66,11 +66,11 @@ class SessionMiddleware:
         app,
         store,
         cookie_name: str = ...,
-        cookie_age: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        cookie_expires: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        cookie_age: Any | None = ...,
+        cookie_expires: Any | None = ...,
         cookie_path: str = ...,
-        cookie_domain: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        cookie_secure: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        cookie_domain: Any | None = ...,
+        cookie_secure: Any | None = ...,
         cookie_httponly: bool = ...,
         environ_key: str = ...,
     ): ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/datastructures.pyi

@@ -13,12 +13,10 @@ from typing import (
     Mapping,
     MutableSet,
     NoReturn,
-    Optional,
     Text,
     Tuple,
     Type,
     TypeVar,
-    Union,
     overload,
 )
 
@@ -49,7 +47,7 @@ class ImmutableListMixin(Generic[_V]):
     def insert(self, pos: int, value: Any) -> NoReturn: ...
     def pop(self, index: int = ...) -> NoReturn: ...
     def reverse(self) -> NoReturn: ...
-    def sort(self, cmp: Optional[Any] = ..., key: Optional[Any] = ..., reverse: Optional[Any] = ...) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def sort(self, cmp: Any | None = ..., key: Any | None = ..., reverse: Any | None = ...) -> NoReturn: ...
 
 class ImmutableList(ImmutableListMixin[_V], List[_V]): ...  # type: ignore
 
@@ -58,9 +56,9 @@ class ImmutableDictMixin(object):
     def fromkeys(cls, *args, **kwargs): ...
     def __reduce_ex__(self, protocol): ...
     def __hash__(self) -> int: ...
-    def setdefault(self, key, default: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def setdefault(self, key, default: Any | None = ...): ...
     def update(self, *args, **kwargs): ...
-    def pop(self, key, default: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def pop(self, key, default: Any | None = ...): ...
     def popitem(self): ...
     def __setitem__(self, key, value): ...
     def __delitem__(self, key): ...
@@ -72,11 +70,11 @@ class ImmutableMultiDictMixin(ImmutableDictMixin):
     def popitemlist(self): ...
     def poplist(self, key): ...
     def setlist(self, key, new_list): ...
-    def setlistdefault(self, key, default_list: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def setlistdefault(self, key, default_list: Any | None = ...): ...
 
 class UpdateDictMixin(object):
     on_update: Any
-    def setdefault(self, key, default: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def setdefault(self, key, default: Any | None = ...): ...
     def pop(self, key, default=...): ...
     __setitem__: Any
     __delitem__: Any
@@ -86,13 +84,13 @@ class UpdateDictMixin(object):
 
 class TypeConversionDict(Dict[_K, _V]):
     @overload
-    def get(self, key: _K, *, type: None = ...) -> Optional[_V]: ...
+    def get(self, key: _K, *, type: None = ...) -> _V | None: ...
     @overload
-    def get(self, key: _K, default: _D, type: None = ...) -> Union[_V, _D]: ...
+    def get(self, key: _K, default: _D, type: None = ...) -> _V | _D: ...
     @overload
-    def get(self, key: _K, *, type: Callable[[_V], _R]) -> Optional[_R]: ...
+    def get(self, key: _K, *, type: Callable[[_V], _R]) -> _R | None: ...
     @overload
-    def get(self, key: _K, default: _D, type: Callable[[_V], _R]) -> Union[_R, _D]: ...
+    def get(self, key: _K, default: _D, type: Callable[[_V], _R]) -> _R | _D: ...
 
 class ImmutableTypeConversionDict(ImmutableDictMixin, TypeConversionDict[_K, _V]):  # type: ignore
     def copy(self) -> TypeConversionDict[_K, _V]: ...
@@ -103,14 +101,14 @@ class ViewItems:
     def __iter__(self): ...
 
 class MultiDict(TypeConversionDict[_K, _V]):
-    def __init__(self, mapping: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, mapping: Any | None = ...): ...
     def __getitem__(self, key): ...
     def __setitem__(self, key, value): ...
     def add(self, key, value): ...
-    def getlist(self, key, type: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def getlist(self, key, type: Any | None = ...): ...
     def setlist(self, key, new_list): ...
-    def setdefault(self, key, default: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
-    def setlistdefault(self, key, default_list: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def setdefault(self, key, default: Any | None = ...): ...
+    def setlistdefault(self, key, default_list: Any | None = ...): ...
     def items(self, multi: bool = ...): ...
     def lists(self): ...
     def keys(self): ...
@@ -118,7 +116,7 @@ class MultiDict(TypeConversionDict[_K, _V]):
     def values(self): ...
     def listvalues(self): ...
     def copy(self): ...
-    def deepcopy(self, memo: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def deepcopy(self, memo: Any | None = ...): ...
     def to_dict(self, flat: bool = ...): ...
     def update(self, other_dict): ...
     def pop(self, key, default=...): ...
@@ -137,7 +135,7 @@ class _omd_bucket:
     def unlink(self, omd): ...
 
 class OrderedMultiDict(MultiDict[_K, _V]):
-    def __init__(self, mapping: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, mapping: Any | None = ...): ...
     def __eq__(self, other): ...
     def __ne__(self, other): ...
     def __reduce_ex__(self, protocol): ...
@@ -151,9 +149,9 @@ class OrderedMultiDict(MultiDict[_K, _V]):
     def lists(self): ...
     def listvalues(self): ...
     def add(self, key, value): ...
-    def getlist(self, key, type: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def getlist(self, key, type: Any | None = ...): ...
     def setlist(self, key, new_list): ...
-    def setlistdefault(self, key, default_list: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def setlistdefault(self, key, default_list: Any | None = ...): ...
     def update(self, mapping): ...
     def poplist(self, key): ...
     def pop(self, key, default=...): ...
@@ -161,29 +159,29 @@ class OrderedMultiDict(MultiDict[_K, _V]):
     def popitemlist(self): ...
 
 class Headers(object):
-    def __init__(self, defaults: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, defaults: Any | None = ...): ...
     def __getitem__(self, key, _get_mode: bool = ...): ...
     def __eq__(self, other): ...
     def __ne__(self, other): ...
     @overload
-    def get(self, key: str, *, type: None = ...) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    def get(self, key: str, *, type: None = ...) -> str | None: ...
     @overload
-    def get(self, key: str, default: _D, type: None = ...) -> Union[str, _D]: ...
+    def get(self, key: str, default: _D, type: None = ...) -> str | _D: ...
     @overload
-    def get(self, key: str, *, type: Callable[[str], _R]) -> Optional[_R]: ...
+    def get(self, key: str, *, type: Callable[[str], _R]) -> _R | None: ...
     @overload
-    def get(self, key: str, default: _D, type: Callable[[str], _R]) -> Union[_R, _D]: ...
+    def get(self, key: str, default: _D, type: Callable[[str], _R]) -> _R | _D: ...
     @overload
     def get(self, key: str, *, as_bytes: bool) -> Any: ...
     @overload
     def get(self, key: str, *, type: None, as_bytes: bool) -> Any: ...
     @overload
-    def get(self, key: str, *, type: Callable[[Any], _R], as_bytes: bool) -> Optional[_R]: ...
+    def get(self, key: str, *, type: Callable[[Any], _R], as_bytes: bool) -> _R | None: ...
     @overload
     def get(self, key: str, default: Any, type: None, as_bytes: bool) -> Any: ...
     @overload
-    def get(self, key: str, default: _D, type: Callable[[Any], _R], as_bytes: bool) -> Union[_R, _D]: ...
-    def getlist(self, key, type: Optional[Any] = ..., as_bytes: bool = ...): ...
+    def get(self, key: str, default: _D, type: Callable[[Any], _R], as_bytes: bool) -> _R | _D: ...
+    def getlist(self, key, type: Any | None = ..., as_bytes: bool = ...): ...
     def get_all(self, name): ...
     def items(self, lower: bool = ...): ...
     def keys(self, lower: bool = ...): ...
@@ -192,13 +190,13 @@ class Headers(object):
     def __delitem__(self, key: Any) -> None: ...
     def remove(self, key): ...
     @overload
-    def pop(self, key: Optional[int] = ...) -> str: ...  # default is ignored, using it is an error
+    def pop(self, key: int | None = ...) -> str: ...  # default is ignored, using it is an error
     @overload
     def pop(self, key: str) -> str: ...
     @overload
     def pop(self, key: str, default: str) -> str: ...
     @overload
-    def pop(self, key: str, default: None) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    def pop(self, key: str, default: None) -> str | None: ...
     def popitem(self): ...
     def __contains__(self, key): ...
     has_key: Any
@@ -225,13 +223,13 @@ class ImmutableHeadersMixin:
     def extend(self, iterable): ...
     def insert(self, pos, value): ...
     @overload
-    def pop(self, key: Optional[int] = ...) -> str: ...  # default is ignored, using it is an error
+    def pop(self, key: int | None = ...) -> str: ...  # default is ignored, using it is an error
     @overload
     def pop(self, key: str) -> str: ...
     @overload
     def pop(self, key: str, default: str) -> str: ...
     @overload
-    def pop(self, key: str, default: None) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    def pop(self, key: str, default: None) -> str | None: ...
     def popitem(self): ...
     def setdefault(self, key, default): ...
 
@@ -247,12 +245,12 @@ class EnvironHeaders(ImmutableHeadersMixin, Headers):
 class CombinedMultiDict(ImmutableMultiDictMixin, MultiDict[_K, _V]):  # type: ignore
     def __reduce_ex__(self, protocol): ...
     dicts: Any
-    def __init__(self, dicts: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, dicts: Any | None = ...): ...
     @classmethod
     def fromkeys(cls): ...
     def __getitem__(self, key): ...
-    def get(self, key, default: Optional[Any] = ..., type: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
-    def getlist(self, key, type: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def get(self, key, default: Any | None = ..., type: Any | None = ...): ...
+    def getlist(self, key, type: Any | None = ...): ...
     def keys(self): ...
     __iter__: Any
     def items(self, multi: bool = ...): ...
@@ -266,7 +264,7 @@ class CombinedMultiDict(ImmutableMultiDictMixin, MultiDict[_K, _V]):  # type: ig
     has_key: Any
 
 class FileMultiDict(MultiDict[_K, _V]):
-    def add_file(self, name, file, filename: Optional[Any] = ..., content_type: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def add_file(self, name, file, filename: Any | None = ..., content_type: Any | None = ...): ...
 
 class ImmutableDict(ImmutableDictMixin, Dict[_K, _V]):  # type: ignore
     def copy(self): ...
@@ -282,7 +280,7 @@ class ImmutableOrderedMultiDict(ImmutableMultiDictMixin, OrderedMultiDict[_K, _V
 
 class Accept(ImmutableList[Tuple[str, float]]):
     provided: bool
-    def __init__(self, values: Union[None, Accept, Iterable[Tuple[str, float]]] = ...) -> None: ...
+    def __init__(self, values: None | Accept | Iterable[Tuple[str, float]] = ...) -> None: ...
     @overload
     def __getitem__(self, key: SupportsIndex) -> Tuple[str, float]: ...
     @overload
@@ -291,16 +289,16 @@ class Accept(ImmutableList[Tuple[str, float]]):
     def __getitem__(self, key: str) -> float: ...
     def quality(self, key: str) -> float: ...
     def __contains__(self, value: str) -> bool: ...  # type: ignore
-    def index(self, key: Union[str, Tuple[str, float]]) -> int: ...  # type: ignore
-    def find(self, key: Union[str, Tuple[str, float]]) -> int: ...
+    def index(self, key: str | Tuple[str, float]) -> int: ...  # type: ignore
+    def find(self, key: str | Tuple[str, float]) -> int: ...
     def values(self) -> Iterator[str]: ...
     def to_header(self) -> str: ...
     @overload
-    def best_match(self, matches: Iterable[str], default: None = ...) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    def best_match(self, matches: Iterable[str], default: None = ...) -> str | None: ...
     @overload
-    def best_match(self, matches: Iterable[str], default: _D) -> Union[str, _D]: ...
+    def best_match(self, matches: Iterable[str], default: _D) -> str | _D: ...
     @property
-    def best(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    def best(self) -> str | None: ...
 
 class MIMEAccept(Accept):
     @property
@@ -322,7 +320,7 @@ class _CacheControl(UpdateDictMixin, Dict[str, Any]):
     no_transform: Any
     on_update: Any
     provided: Any
-    def __init__(self, values=..., on_update: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, values=..., on_update: Any | None = ...): ...
     def to_header(self): ...
 
 class RequestCacheControl(ImmutableDictMixin, _CacheControl):  # type: ignore
@@ -340,11 +338,11 @@ class ResponseCacheControl(_CacheControl):
 
 class CallbackDict(UpdateDictMixin, Dict[_K, _V]):
     on_update: Any
-    def __init__(self, initial: Optional[Any] = ..., on_update: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, initial: Any | None = ..., on_update: Any | None = ...): ...
 
 class HeaderSet(MutableSet[str]):
     on_update: Any
-    def __init__(self, headers: Optional[Any] = ..., on_update: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, headers: Any | None = ..., on_update: Any | None = ...): ...
     def add(self, header): ...
     def remove(self, header): ...
     def update(self, iterable): ...
@@ -364,14 +362,14 @@ class HeaderSet(MutableSet[str]):
 
 class ETags(Container[str], Iterable[str]):
     star_tag: Any
-    def __init__(self, strong_etags: Optional[Any] = ..., weak_etags: Optional[Any] = ..., star_tag: bool = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, strong_etags: Any | None = ..., weak_etags: Any | None = ..., star_tag: bool = ...): ...
     def as_set(self, include_weak: bool = ...): ...
     def is_weak(self, etag): ...
     def contains_weak(self, etag): ...
     def contains(self, etag): ...
     def contains_raw(self, etag): ...
     def to_header(self): ...
-    def __call__(self, etag: Optional[Any] = ..., data: Optional[Any] = ..., include_weak: bool = ...): ...
+    def __call__(self, etag: Any | None = ..., data: Any | None = ..., include_weak: bool = ...): ...
     def __bool__(self): ...
     __nonzero__: Any
     def __iter__(self): ...
@@ -380,7 +378,7 @@ class ETags(Container[str], Iterable[str]):
 class IfRange:
     etag: Any
     date: Any
-    def __init__(self, etag: Optional[Any] = ..., date: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, etag: Any | None = ..., date: Any | None = ...): ...
     def to_header(self): ...
 
 class Range:
@@ -394,12 +392,12 @@ class Range:
 
 class ContentRange:
     on_update: Any
-    units: Optional[str]
+    units: str | None
     start: Any
     stop: Any
     length: Any
-    def __init__(self, units: Optional[str], start, stop, length: Optional[Any] = ..., on_update: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
-    def set(self, start, stop, length: Optional[Any] = ..., units: Optional[str] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, units: str | None, start, stop, length: Any | None = ..., on_update: Any | None = ...): ...
+    def set(self, start, stop, length: Any | None = ..., units: str | None = ...): ...
     def unset(self) -> None: ...
     def to_header(self): ...
     def __nonzero__(self): ...
@@ -407,38 +405,36 @@ class ContentRange:
 
 class Authorization(ImmutableDictMixin, Dict[str, Any]):  # type: ignore
     type: str
-    def __init__(self, auth_type: str, data: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = ...) -> None: ...
+    def __init__(self, auth_type: str, data: Mapping[str, Any] | None = ...) -> None: ...
     @property
-    def username(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    def username(self) -> str | None: ...
     @property
-    def password(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    def password(self) -> str | None: ...
     @property
-    def realm(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    def realm(self) -> str | None: ...
     @property
-    def nonce(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    def nonce(self) -> str | None: ...
     @property
-    def uri(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    def uri(self) -> str | None: ...
     @property
-    def nc(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    def nc(self) -> str | None: ...
     @property
-    def cnonce(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    def cnonce(self) -> str | None: ...
     @property
-    def response(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    def response(self) -> str | None: ...
     @property
-    def opaque(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    def opaque(self) -> str | None: ...
     @property
-    def qop(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    def qop(self) -> str | None: ...
 
 class WWWAuthenticate(UpdateDictMixin, Dict[str, Any]):
     on_update: Any
-    def __init__(self, auth_type: Optional[Any] = ..., values: Optional[Any] = ..., on_update: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, auth_type: Any | None = ..., values: Any | None = ..., on_update: Any | None = ...): ...
     def set_basic(self, realm: str = ...): ...
-    def set_digest(
-        self, realm, nonce, qop=..., opaque: Optional[Any] = ..., algorithm: Optional[Any] = ..., stale: bool = ...
-    ): ...
+    def set_digest(self, realm, nonce, qop=..., opaque: Any | None = ..., algorithm: Any | None = ..., stale: bool = ...): ...
     def to_header(self): ...
     @staticmethod
-    def auth_property(name, doc: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def auth_property(name, doc: Any | None = ...): ...
     type: Any
     realm: Any
     domain: Any
@@ -449,28 +445,28 @@ class WWWAuthenticate(UpdateDictMixin, Dict[str, Any]):
     stale: Any
 
 class FileStorage(object):
-    name: Optional[Text]
+    name: Text | None
     stream: IO[bytes]
-    filename: Optional[Text]
+    filename: Text | None
     headers: Headers
     def __init__(
         self,
-        stream: Optional[IO[bytes]] = ...,
-        filename: Union[None, Text, bytes] = ...,
-        name: Optional[Text] = ...,
-        content_type: Optional[Text] = ...,
-        content_length: Optional[int] = ...,
-        headers: Optional[Headers] = ...,
+        stream: IO[bytes] | None = ...,
+        filename: None | Text | bytes = ...,
+        name: Text | None = ...,
+        content_type: Text | None = ...,
+        content_length: int | None = ...,
+        headers: Headers | None = ...,
     ): ...
     @property
-    def content_type(self) -> Optional[Text]: ...
+    def content_type(self) -> Text | None: ...
     @property
     def content_length(self) -> int: ...
     @property
     def mimetype(self) -> str: ...
     @property
     def mimetype_params(self) -> Dict[str, str]: ...
-    def save(self, dst: Union[Text, SupportsWrite[bytes]], buffer_size: int = ...): ...
+    def save(self, dst: Text | SupportsWrite[bytes], buffer_size: int = ...): ...
     def close(self) -> None: ...
     def __nonzero__(self) -> bool: ...
     def __bool__(self) -> bool: ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/debug/__init__.pyi

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 from werkzeug.wrappers import BaseRequest as Request, BaseResponse as Response
 
@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@ class DebuggedApplication:
         evalex: bool = ...,
         request_key: str = ...,
         console_path: str = ...,
-        console_init_func: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        console_init_func: Any | None = ...,
         show_hidden_frames: bool = ...,
-        lodgeit_url: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        lodgeit_url: Any | None = ...,
         pin_security: bool = ...,
         pin_logging: bool = ...,
     ): ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/debug/console.pyi

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import code
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 class HTMLStringO:
     def __init__(self): ...
@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@ class _InteractiveConsole(code.InteractiveInterpreter):
     def runsource(self, source): ...
     def runcode(self, code): ...
     def showtraceback(self): ...
-    def showsyntaxerror(self, filename: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def showsyntaxerror(self, filename: Any | None = ...): ...
     def write(self, data): ...
 
 class Console:
-    def __init__(self, globals: Optional[Any] = ..., locals: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, globals: Any | None = ..., locals: Any | None = ...): ...
     def eval(self, code): ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/debug/repr.pyi

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 deque: Any
 missing: Any
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ def debug_repr(obj): ...
 def dump(obj=...): ...
 
 class _Helper:
-    def __call__(self, topic: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __call__(self, topic: Any | None = ...): ...
 
 helper: Any
 
@@ -30,4 +30,4 @@ class DebugReprGenerator:
     def repr(self, obj): ...
     def dump_object(self, obj): ...
     def dump_locals(self, d): ...
-    def render_object_dump(self, items, title, repr: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def render_object_dump(self, items, title, repr: Any | None = ...): ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/debug/tbtools.pyi

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 UTF8_COOKIE: Any
 system_exceptions: Any
@@ -31,10 +31,10 @@ class Traceback:
     def filter_hidden_frames(self): ...
     def is_syntax_error(self): ...
     def exception(self): ...
-    def log(self, logfile: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def log(self, logfile: Any | None = ...): ...
     def paste(self): ...
     def render_summary(self, include_title: bool = ...): ...
-    def render_full(self, evalex: bool = ..., secret: Optional[Any] = ..., evalex_trusted: bool = ...): ...
+    def render_full(self, evalex: bool = ..., secret: Any | None = ..., evalex_trusted: bool = ...): ...
     def generate_plaintext_traceback(self): ...
     def plaintext(self): ...
     id: Any

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/exceptions.pyi

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import datetime
 from _typeshed.wsgi import StartResponse, WSGIEnvironment
-from typing import Any, Dict, Iterable, List, NoReturn, Optional, Protocol, Text, Tuple, Type, Union
+from typing import Any, Dict, Iterable, List, NoReturn, Protocol, Text, Tuple, Type
 
 from werkzeug.wrappers import Response
 
@@ -9,18 +9,18 @@ class _EnvironContainer(Protocol):
     def environ(self) -> WSGIEnvironment: ...
 
 class HTTPException(Exception):
-    code: Optional[int]
-    description: Optional[Text]
-    response: Optional[Response]
-    def __init__(self, description: Optional[Text] = ..., response: Optional[Response] = ...) -> None: ...
+    code: int | None
+    description: Text | None
+    response: Response | None
+    def __init__(self, description: Text | None = ..., response: Response | None = ...) -> None: ...
     @classmethod
-    def wrap(cls, exception: Type[Exception], name: Optional[str] = ...) -> Any: ...
+    def wrap(cls, exception: Type[Exception], name: str | None = ...) -> Any: ...
     @property
     def name(self) -> str: ...
-    def get_description(self, environ: Optional[WSGIEnvironment] = ...) -> Text: ...
-    def get_body(self, environ: Optional[WSGIEnvironment] = ...) -> Text: ...
-    def get_headers(self, environ: Optional[WSGIEnvironment] = ...) -> List[Tuple[str, str]]: ...
-    def get_response(self, environ: Optional[Union[WSGIEnvironment, _EnvironContainer]] = ...) -> Response: ...
+    def get_description(self, environ: WSGIEnvironment | None = ...) -> Text: ...
+    def get_body(self, environ: WSGIEnvironment | None = ...) -> Text: ...
+    def get_headers(self, environ: WSGIEnvironment | None = ...) -> List[Tuple[str, str]]: ...
+    def get_response(self, environ: WSGIEnvironment | _EnvironContainer | None = ...) -> Response: ...
     def __call__(self, environ: WSGIEnvironment, start_response: StartResponse) -> Iterable[bytes]: ...
 
 default_exceptions: Dict[int, Type[HTTPException]]
@@ -36,12 +36,12 @@ class BadHost(BadRequest): ...
 class Unauthorized(HTTPException):
     code: int
     description: Text
-    www_authenticate: Optional[Iterable[object]]
+    www_authenticate: Iterable[object] | None
     def __init__(
         self,
-        description: Optional[Text] = ...,
-        response: Optional[Response] = ...,
-        www_authenticate: Union[None, Tuple[object, ...], List[object], object] = ...,
+        description: Text | None = ...,
+        response: Response | None = ...,
+        www_authenticate: None | Tuple[object, ...] | List[object] | object = ...,
     ) -> None: ...
 
 class Forbidden(HTTPException):
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ class MethodNotAllowed(HTTPException):
     code: int
     description: Text
     valid_methods: Any
-    def __init__(self, valid_methods: Optional[Any] = ..., description: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, valid_methods: Any | None = ..., description: Any | None = ...): ...
 
 class NotAcceptable(HTTPException):
     code: int
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ class RequestedRangeNotSatisfiable(HTTPException):
     description: Text
     length: Any
     units: str
-    def __init__(self, length: Optional[Any] = ..., units: str = ..., description: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, length: Any | None = ..., units: str = ..., description: Any | None = ...): ...
 
 class ExpectationFailed(HTTPException):
     code: int
@@ -126,12 +126,9 @@ class PreconditionRequired(HTTPException):
     description: Text
 
 class _RetryAfter(HTTPException):
-    retry_after: Union[None, int, datetime.datetime]
+    retry_after: None | int | datetime.datetime
     def __init__(
-        self,
-        description: Optional[Text] = ...,
-        response: Optional[Response] = ...,
-        retry_after: Union[None, int, datetime.datetime] = ...,
+        self, description: Text | None = ..., response: Response | None = ..., retry_after: None | int | datetime.datetime = ...
     ) -> None: ...
 
 class TooManyRequests(_RetryAfter):
@@ -148,7 +145,7 @@ class UnavailableForLegalReasons(HTTPException):
 
 class InternalServerError(HTTPException):
     def __init__(
-        self, description: Optional[Text] = ..., response: Optional[Response] = ..., original_exception: Optional[Exception] = ...
+        self, description: Text | None = ..., response: Response | None = ..., original_exception: Exception | None = ...
     ) -> None: ...
     code: int
     description: Text
@@ -175,9 +172,9 @@ class HTTPVersionNotSupported(HTTPException):
 
 class Aborter:
     mapping: Any
-    def __init__(self, mapping: Optional[Any] = ..., extra: Optional[Any] = ...) -> None: ...
-    def __call__(self, code: Union[int, Response], *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def __init__(self, mapping: Any | None = ..., extra: Any | None = ...) -> None: ...
+    def __call__(self, code: int | Response, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> NoReturn: ...
 
-def abort(status: Union[int, Response], *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> NoReturn: ...
+def abort(status: int | Response, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> NoReturn: ...
 
 class BadRequestKeyError(BadRequest, KeyError): ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/formparser.pyi

@@ -1,20 +1,5 @@
 from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
-from typing import (
-    IO,
-    Any,
-    Callable,
-    Dict,
-    Generator,
-    Iterable,
-    Mapping,
-    NoReturn,
-    Optional,
-    Protocol,
-    Text,
-    Tuple,
-    TypeVar,
-    Union,
-)
+from typing import IO, Any, Callable, Dict, Generator, Iterable, Mapping, NoReturn, Optional, Protocol, Text, Tuple, TypeVar
 
 from .datastructures import Headers
 
@@ -25,20 +10,20 @@ _F = TypeVar("_F", bound=Callable[..., Any])
 
 class _StreamFactory(Protocol):
     def __call__(
-        self, total_content_length: Optional[int], filename: str, content_type: str, content_length: Optional[int] = ...
+        self, total_content_length: int | None, filename: str, content_type: str, content_length: int | None = ...
     ) -> IO[bytes]: ...
 
 def default_stream_factory(
-    total_content_length: Optional[int], filename: str, content_type: str, content_length: Optional[int] = ...
+    total_content_length: int | None, filename: str, content_type: str, content_length: int | None = ...
 ) -> IO[bytes]: ...
 def parse_form_data(
     environ: WSGIEnvironment,
-    stream_factory: Optional[_StreamFactory] = ...,
+    stream_factory: _StreamFactory | None = ...,
     charset: Text = ...,
     errors: Text = ...,
-    max_form_memory_size: Optional[int] = ...,
-    max_content_length: Optional[int] = ...,
-    cls: Optional[Callable[[], _Dict]] = ...,
+    max_form_memory_size: int | None = ...,
+    max_content_length: int | None = ...,
+    cls: Callable[[], _Dict] | None = ...,
     silent: bool = ...,
 ) -> Tuple[IO[bytes], _Dict, _Dict]: ...
 def exhaust_stream(f: _F) -> _F: ...
@@ -47,54 +32,54 @@ class FormDataParser(object):
     stream_factory: _StreamFactory
     charset: Text
     errors: Text
-    max_form_memory_size: Optional[int]
-    max_content_length: Optional[int]
+    max_form_memory_size: int | None
+    max_content_length: int | None
     cls: Callable[[], _Dict]
     silent: bool
     def __init__(
         self,
-        stream_factory: Optional[_StreamFactory] = ...,
+        stream_factory: _StreamFactory | None = ...,
         charset: Text = ...,
         errors: Text = ...,
-        max_form_memory_size: Optional[int] = ...,
-        max_content_length: Optional[int] = ...,
-        cls: Optional[Callable[[], _Dict]] = ...,
+        max_form_memory_size: int | None = ...,
+        max_content_length: int | None = ...,
+        cls: Callable[[], _Dict] | None = ...,
         silent: bool = ...,
     ) -> None: ...
-    def get_parse_func(self, mimetype: str, options: Any) -> Optional[_ParseFunc]: ...
+    def get_parse_func(self, mimetype: str, options: Any) -> _ParseFunc | None: ...
     def parse_from_environ(self, environ: WSGIEnvironment) -> Tuple[IO[bytes], _Dict, _Dict]: ...
     def parse(
-        self, stream: IO[bytes], mimetype: Text, content_length: Optional[int], options: Optional[Mapping[str, str]] = ...
+        self, stream: IO[bytes], mimetype: Text, content_length: int | None, options: Mapping[str, str] | None = ...
     ) -> Tuple[IO[bytes], _Dict, _Dict]: ...
     parse_functions: Dict[Text, _ParseFunc]
 
 def is_valid_multipart_boundary(boundary: str) -> bool: ...
-def parse_multipart_headers(iterable: Iterable[Union[Text, bytes]]) -> Headers: ...
+def parse_multipart_headers(iterable: Iterable[Text | bytes]) -> Headers: ...
 
 class MultiPartParser(object):
     charset: Text
     errors: Text
-    max_form_memory_size: Optional[int]
+    max_form_memory_size: int | None
     stream_factory: _StreamFactory
     cls: Callable[[], _Dict]
     buffer_size: int
     def __init__(
         self,
-        stream_factory: Optional[_StreamFactory] = ...,
+        stream_factory: _StreamFactory | None = ...,
         charset: Text = ...,
         errors: Text = ...,
-        max_form_memory_size: Optional[int] = ...,
-        cls: Optional[Callable[[], _Dict]] = ...,
+        max_form_memory_size: int | None = ...,
+        cls: Callable[[], _Dict] | None = ...,
         buffer_size: int = ...,
     ) -> None: ...
     def fail(self, message: Text) -> NoReturn: ...
-    def get_part_encoding(self, headers: Mapping[str, str]) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    def get_part_encoding(self, headers: Mapping[str, str]) -> str | None: ...
     def get_part_charset(self, headers: Mapping[str, str]) -> Text: ...
     def start_file_streaming(
-        self, filename: Union[Text, bytes], headers: Mapping[str, str], total_content_length: Optional[int]
+        self, filename: Text | bytes, headers: Mapping[str, str], total_content_length: int | None
     ) -> Tuple[Text, IO[bytes]]: ...
     def in_memory_threshold_reached(self, bytes: Any) -> NoReturn: ...
-    def validate_boundary(self, boundary: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    def validate_boundary(self, boundary: str | None) -> None: ...
     def parse_lines(
         self, file: Any, boundary: bytes, content_length: int, cap_at_buffer: bool = ...
     ) -> Generator[Tuple[str, Any], None, None]: ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/http.pyi

@@ -1,22 +1,7 @@
 import sys
 from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
 from datetime import datetime, timedelta
-from typing import (
-    Any,
-    Callable,
-    Dict,
-    Iterable,
-    List,
-    Mapping,
-    Optional,
-    SupportsInt,
-    Text,
-    Tuple,
-    Type,
-    TypeVar,
-    Union,
-    overload,
-)
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Iterable, List, Mapping, SupportsInt, Text, Tuple, Type, TypeVar, Union, overload
 
 from .datastructures import (
     Accept,
@@ -46,92 +31,90 @@ _U = TypeVar("_U")
 
 HTTP_STATUS_CODES: Dict[int, str]
 
-def wsgi_to_bytes(data: Union[bytes, Text]) -> bytes: ...
+def wsgi_to_bytes(data: bytes | Text) -> bytes: ...
 def bytes_to_wsgi(data: bytes) -> str: ...
 def quote_header_value(value: Any, extra_chars: str = ..., allow_token: bool = ...) -> str: ...
 def unquote_header_value(value: _Str, is_filename: bool = ...) -> _Str: ...
-def dump_options_header(header: Optional[_Str], options: Mapping[_Str, Any]) -> _Str: ...
-def dump_header(iterable: Union[Iterable[Any], Dict[_Str, Any]], allow_token: bool = ...) -> _Str: ...
+def dump_options_header(header: _Str | None, options: Mapping[_Str, Any]) -> _Str: ...
+def dump_header(iterable: Iterable[Any] | Dict[_Str, Any], allow_token: bool = ...) -> _Str: ...
 def parse_list_header(value: _Str) -> List[_Str]: ...
 @overload
-def parse_dict_header(value: Union[bytes, Text]) -> Dict[Text, Optional[Text]]: ...
+def parse_dict_header(value: bytes | Text) -> Dict[Text, Text | None]: ...
 @overload
-def parse_dict_header(value: Union[bytes, Text], cls: Type[_T]) -> _T: ...
+def parse_dict_header(value: bytes | Text, cls: Type[_T]) -> _T: ...
 @overload
-def parse_options_header(value: None, multiple: bool = ...) -> Tuple[str, Dict[str, Optional[str]]]: ...
+def parse_options_header(value: None, multiple: bool = ...) -> Tuple[str, Dict[str, str | None]]: ...
 @overload
-def parse_options_header(value: _Str) -> Tuple[_Str, Dict[_Str, Optional[_Str]]]: ...
+def parse_options_header(value: _Str) -> Tuple[_Str, Dict[_Str, _Str | None]]: ...
 
-# actually returns Tuple[_Str, Dict[_Str, Optional[_Str]], ...]
+# actually returns Tuple[_Str, Dict[_Str, _Str | None], ...]
 @overload
 def parse_options_header(value: _Str, multiple: bool = ...) -> Tuple[Any, ...]: ...
 @overload
-def parse_accept_header(value: Optional[Text]) -> Accept: ...
+def parse_accept_header(value: Text | None) -> Accept: ...
 @overload
-def parse_accept_header(value: Optional[_Str], cls: Callable[[Optional[List[Tuple[str, float]]]], _T]) -> _T: ...
+def parse_accept_header(value: _Str | None, cls: Callable[[List[Tuple[str, float]] | None], _T]) -> _T: ...
 @overload
 def parse_cache_control_header(
-    value: Union[None, bytes, Text], on_update: Optional[Callable[[RequestCacheControl], Any]] = ...
+    value: None | bytes | Text, on_update: Callable[[RequestCacheControl], Any] | None = ...
 ) -> RequestCacheControl: ...
 @overload
 def parse_cache_control_header(
-    value: Union[None, bytes, Text], on_update: _T, cls: Callable[[Dict[Text, Optional[Text]], _T], _U]
+    value: None | bytes | Text, on_update: _T, cls: Callable[[Dict[Text, Text | None], _T], _U]
 ) -> _U: ...
 @overload
-def parse_cache_control_header(
-    value: Union[None, bytes, Text], *, cls: Callable[[Dict[Text, Optional[Text]], None], _U]
-) -> _U: ...
-def parse_set_header(value: Text, on_update: Optional[Callable[[HeaderSet], Any]] = ...) -> HeaderSet: ...
-def parse_authorization_header(value: Union[None, bytes, Text]) -> Optional[Authorization]: ...
+def parse_cache_control_header(value: None | bytes | Text, *, cls: Callable[[Dict[Text, Text | None], None], _U]) -> _U: ...
+def parse_set_header(value: Text, on_update: Callable[[HeaderSet], Any] | None = ...) -> HeaderSet: ...
+def parse_authorization_header(value: None | bytes | Text) -> Authorization | None: ...
 def parse_www_authenticate_header(
-    value: Union[None, bytes, Text], on_update: Optional[Callable[[WWWAuthenticate], Any]] = ...
+    value: None | bytes | Text, on_update: Callable[[WWWAuthenticate], Any] | None = ...
 ) -> WWWAuthenticate: ...
-def parse_if_range_header(value: Optional[Text]) -> IfRange: ...
-def parse_range_header(value: Optional[Text], make_inclusive: bool = ...) -> Optional[Range]: ...
+def parse_if_range_header(value: Text | None) -> IfRange: ...
+def parse_range_header(value: Text | None, make_inclusive: bool = ...) -> Range | None: ...
 def parse_content_range_header(
-    value: Optional[Text], on_update: Optional[Callable[[ContentRange], Any]] = ...
-) -> Optional[ContentRange]: ...
+    value: Text | None, on_update: Callable[[ContentRange], Any] | None = ...
+) -> ContentRange | None: ...
 def quote_etag(etag: _Str, weak: bool = ...) -> _Str: ...
-def unquote_etag(etag: Optional[_Str]) -> Tuple[Optional[_Str], Optional[_Str]]: ...
-def parse_etags(value: Optional[Text]) -> ETags: ...
+def unquote_etag(etag: _Str | None) -> Tuple[_Str | None, _Str | None]: ...
+def parse_etags(value: Text | None) -> ETags: ...
 def generate_etag(data: _ETagData) -> str: ...
-def parse_date(value: Optional[str]) -> Optional[datetime]: ...
-def cookie_date(expires: Union[None, float, datetime] = ...) -> str: ...
-def http_date(timestamp: Union[None, float, datetime] = ...) -> str: ...
-def parse_age(value: Optional[SupportsInt] = ...) -> Optional[timedelta]: ...
-def dump_age(age: Union[None, timedelta, SupportsInt]) -> Optional[str]: ...
+def parse_date(value: str | None) -> datetime | None: ...
+def cookie_date(expires: None | float | datetime = ...) -> str: ...
+def http_date(timestamp: None | float | datetime = ...) -> str: ...
+def parse_age(value: SupportsInt | None = ...) -> timedelta | None: ...
+def dump_age(age: None | timedelta | SupportsInt) -> str | None: ...
 def is_resource_modified(
     environ: WSGIEnvironment,
-    etag: Optional[Text] = ...,
-    data: Optional[_ETagData] = ...,
-    last_modified: Union[None, Text, datetime] = ...,
+    etag: Text | None = ...,
+    data: _ETagData | None = ...,
+    last_modified: None | Text | datetime = ...,
     ignore_if_range: bool = ...,
 ) -> bool: ...
-def remove_entity_headers(headers: Union[List[Tuple[Text, Text]], Headers], allowed: Iterable[Text] = ...) -> None: ...
-def remove_hop_by_hop_headers(headers: Union[List[Tuple[Text, Text]], Headers]) -> None: ...
+def remove_entity_headers(headers: List[Tuple[Text, Text]] | Headers, allowed: Iterable[Text] = ...) -> None: ...
+def remove_hop_by_hop_headers(headers: List[Tuple[Text, Text]] | Headers) -> None: ...
 def is_entity_header(header: Text) -> bool: ...
 def is_hop_by_hop_header(header: Text) -> bool: ...
 @overload
 def parse_cookie(
-    header: Union[None, WSGIEnvironment, Text, bytes], charset: Text = ..., errors: Text = ...
+    header: None | WSGIEnvironment | Text | bytes, charset: Text = ..., errors: Text = ...
 ) -> TypeConversionDict[Any, Any]: ...
 @overload
 def parse_cookie(
-    header: Union[None, WSGIEnvironment, Text, bytes],
+    header: None | WSGIEnvironment | Text | bytes,
     charset: Text = ...,
     errors: Text = ...,
-    cls: Optional[Callable[[Iterable[Tuple[Text, Text]]], _T]] = ...,
+    cls: Callable[[Iterable[Tuple[Text, Text]]], _T] | None = ...,
 ) -> _T: ...
 def dump_cookie(
     key: _ToBytes,
     value: _ToBytes = ...,
-    max_age: Union[None, float, timedelta] = ...,
-    expires: Union[None, Text, float, datetime] = ...,
-    path: Union[None, Tuple[Any, ...], str, bytes] = ...,
-    domain: Union[None, str, bytes] = ...,
+    max_age: None | float | timedelta = ...,
+    expires: None | Text | float | datetime = ...,
+    path: None | Tuple[Any, ...] | str | bytes = ...,
+    domain: None | str | bytes = ...,
     secure: bool = ...,
     httponly: bool = ...,
     charset: Text = ...,
     sync_expires: bool = ...,
 ) -> str: ...
-def is_byte_range_valid(start: Optional[int], stop: Optional[int], length: Optional[int]) -> bool: ...
+def is_byte_range_valid(start: int | None, stop: int | None, length: int | None) -> bool: ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/local.pyi

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 def release_local(local): ...
 
@@ -26,14 +26,14 @@ class LocalStack:
 class LocalManager:
     locals: Any
     ident_func: Any
-    def __init__(self, locals: Optional[Any] = ..., ident_func: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, locals: Any | None = ..., ident_func: Any | None = ...): ...
     def get_ident(self): ...
     def cleanup(self): ...
     def make_middleware(self, app): ...
     def middleware(self, func): ...
 
 class LocalProxy:
-    def __init__(self, local, name: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, local, name: Any | None = ...): ...
     @property
     def __dict__(self): ...
     def __bool__(self): ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/middleware/dispatcher.pyi

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 from _typeshed.wsgi import StartResponse, WSGIApplication, WSGIEnvironment
-from typing import Iterable, Mapping, Optional, Text
+from typing import Iterable, Mapping, Text
 
 class DispatcherMiddleware(object):
     app: WSGIApplication
     mounts: Mapping[Text, WSGIApplication]
-    def __init__(self, app: WSGIApplication, mounts: Optional[Mapping[Text, WSGIApplication]] = ...) -> None: ...
+    def __init__(self, app: WSGIApplication, mounts: Mapping[Text, WSGIApplication] | None = ...) -> None: ...
     def __call__(self, environ: WSGIEnvironment, start_response: StartResponse) -> Iterable[bytes]: ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/middleware/lint.pyi

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import sys
 from _typeshed import SupportsWrite
 from _typeshed.wsgi import StartResponse, WSGIApplication, WSGIEnvironment
-from typing import Any, Iterable, Iterator, List, Mapping, Optional, Protocol, Tuple
+from typing import Any, Iterable, Iterator, List, Mapping, Protocol, Tuple
 
 from ..datastructures import Headers
 
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class LintMiddleware(object):
     def __init__(self, app: WSGIApplication) -> None: ...
     def check_environ(self, environ: WSGIEnvironment) -> None: ...
     def check_start_response(
-        self, status: str, headers: List[Tuple[str, str]], exc_info: Optional[Tuple[Any, ...]]
+        self, status: str, headers: List[Tuple[str, str]], exc_info: Tuple[Any, ...] | None
     ) -> Tuple[int, Headers]: ...
     def check_headers(self, headers: Mapping[str, str]) -> None: ...
     def check_iterator(self, app_iter: Iterable[bytes]) -> None: ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/middleware/profiler.pyi

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 from _typeshed.wsgi import StartResponse, WSGIApplication, WSGIEnvironment
-from typing import IO, Iterable, List, Optional, Text, Tuple, Union
+from typing import IO, Iterable, List, Text, Tuple
 
 class ProfilerMiddleware(object):
     def __init__(
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ class ProfilerMiddleware(object):
         app: WSGIApplication,
         stream: IO[str] = ...,
         sort_by: Tuple[Text, Text] = ...,
-        restrictions: Iterable[Union[str, float]] = ...,
-        profile_dir: Optional[Text] = ...,
+        restrictions: Iterable[str | float] = ...,
+        profile_dir: Text | None = ...,
         filename_format: Text = ...,
     ) -> None: ...
     def __call__(self, environ: WSGIEnvironment, start_response: StartResponse) -> List[bytes]: ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/middleware/proxy_fix.pyi

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 from _typeshed.wsgi import StartResponse, WSGIApplication, WSGIEnvironment
-from typing import Iterable, Optional
+from typing import Iterable
 
 class ProxyFix(object):
     app: WSGIApplication
@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ class ProxyFix(object):
     def __init__(
         self,
         app: WSGIApplication,
-        num_proxies: Optional[int] = ...,
+        num_proxies: int | None = ...,
         x_for: int = ...,
         x_proto: int = ...,
         x_host: int = ...,
         x_port: int = ...,
         x_prefix: int = ...,
     ) -> None: ...
-    def get_remote_addr(self, forwarded_for: Iterable[str]) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    def get_remote_addr(self, forwarded_for: Iterable[str]) -> str | None: ...
     def __call__(self, environ: WSGIEnvironment, start_response: StartResponse) -> Iterable[bytes]: ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/middleware/shared_data.pyi

@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ class SharedDataMiddleware(object):
     def __init__(
         self,
         app: WSGIApplication,
-        exports: Union[Mapping[Text, _V], Iterable[Tuple[Text, _V]]],
-        disallow: Optional[Text] = ...,
+        exports: Mapping[Text, _V] | Iterable[Tuple[Text, _V]],
+        disallow: Text | None = ...,
         cache: bool = ...,
         cache_timeout: float = ...,
         fallback_mimetype: Text = ...,
@@ -25,5 +25,5 @@ class SharedDataMiddleware(object):
     def get_file_loader(self, filename: Text) -> _Loader: ...
     def get_package_loader(self, package: Text, package_path: Text) -> _Loader: ...
     def get_directory_loader(self, directory: Text) -> _Loader: ...
-    def generate_etag(self, mtime: datetime.datetime, file_size: int, real_filename: Union[Text, bytes]) -> str: ...
+    def generate_etag(self, mtime: datetime.datetime, file_size: int, real_filename: Text | bytes) -> str: ...
     def __call__(self, environment: WSGIEnvironment, start_response: StartResponse) -> WSGIApplication: ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/routing.pyi

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from typing import Any, Optional, Text
+from typing import Any, Text
 
 from werkzeug.exceptions import HTTPException
 
@@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ class BuildError(RoutingException, LookupError):
     endpoint: Any
     values: Any
     method: Any
-    adapter: Optional[MapAdapter]
-    def __init__(self, endpoint, values, method, adapter: Optional[MapAdapter] = ...) -> None: ...
+    adapter: MapAdapter | None
+    def __init__(self, endpoint, values, method, adapter: MapAdapter | None = ...) -> None: ...
     @property
-    def suggested(self) -> Optional[Rule]: ...
-    def closest_rule(self, adapter: Optional[MapAdapter]) -> Optional[Rule]: ...
+    def suggested(self) -> Rule | None: ...
+    def closest_rule(self, adapter: MapAdapter | None) -> Rule | None: ...
 
 class ValidationError(ValueError): ...
 
@@ -80,15 +80,15 @@ class Rule(RuleFactory):
     def __init__(
         self,
         string,
-        defaults: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        subdomain: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        methods: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        defaults: Any | None = ...,
+        subdomain: Any | None = ...,
+        methods: Any | None = ...,
         build_only: bool = ...,
-        endpoint: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        strict_slashes: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        redirect_to: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        endpoint: Any | None = ...,
+        strict_slashes: Any | None = ...,
+        redirect_to: Any | None = ...,
         alias: bool = ...,
-        host: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        host: Any | None = ...,
     ): ...
     def empty(self): ...
     def get_empty_kwargs(self): ...
@@ -97,10 +97,10 @@ class Rule(RuleFactory):
     def bind(self, map, rebind: bool = ...): ...
     def get_converter(self, variable_name, converter_name, args, kwargs): ...
     def compile(self): ...
-    def match(self, path, method: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def match(self, path, method: Any | None = ...): ...
     def build(self, values, append_unknown: bool = ...): ...
     def provides_defaults_for(self, rule): ...
-    def suitable_for(self, values, method: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def suitable_for(self, values, method: Any | None = ...): ...
     def match_compare_key(self): ...
     def build_compare_key(self): ...
     def __eq__(self, other): ...
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ class BaseConverter:
 
 class UnicodeConverter(BaseConverter):
     regex: Any
-    def __init__(self, map, minlength: int = ..., maxlength: Optional[Any] = ..., length: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, map, minlength: int = ..., maxlength: Any | None = ..., length: Any | None = ...): ...
 
 class AnyConverter(BaseConverter):
     regex: Any
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ class NumberConverter(BaseConverter):
     fixed_digits: Any
     min: Any
     max: Any
-    def __init__(self, map, fixed_digits: int = ..., min: Optional[Any] = ..., max: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, map, fixed_digits: int = ..., min: Any | None = ..., max: Any | None = ...): ...
     def to_python(self, value): ...
     def to_url(self, value) -> str: ...
 
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ class IntegerConverter(NumberConverter):
 class FloatConverter(NumberConverter):
     regex: Any
     num_convert: Any
-    def __init__(self, map, min: Optional[Any] = ..., max: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, map, min: Any | None = ..., max: Any | None = ...): ...
 
 class UUIDConverter(BaseConverter):
     regex: Any
@@ -164,31 +164,31 @@ class Map:
     sort_key: Any
     def __init__(
         self,
-        rules: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        rules: Any | None = ...,
         default_subdomain: str = ...,
         charset: Text = ...,
         strict_slashes: bool = ...,
         redirect_defaults: bool = ...,
-        converters: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        converters: Any | None = ...,
         sort_parameters: bool = ...,
-        sort_key: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        sort_key: Any | None = ...,
         encoding_errors: Text = ...,
         host_matching: bool = ...,
     ): ...
     def is_endpoint_expecting(self, endpoint, *arguments): ...
-    def iter_rules(self, endpoint: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def iter_rules(self, endpoint: Any | None = ...): ...
     def add(self, rulefactory): ...
     def bind(
         self,
         server_name,
-        script_name: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        subdomain: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        script_name: Any | None = ...,
+        subdomain: Any | None = ...,
         url_scheme: str = ...,
         default_method: str = ...,
-        path_info: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        query_args: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        path_info: Any | None = ...,
+        query_args: Any | None = ...,
     ): ...
-    def bind_to_environ(self, environ, server_name: Optional[Any] = ..., subdomain: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def bind_to_environ(self, environ, server_name: Any | None = ..., subdomain: Any | None = ...): ...
     def update(self): ...
 
 class MapAdapter:
@@ -201,30 +201,19 @@ class MapAdapter:
     default_method: Any
     query_args: Any
     def __init__(
-        self, map, server_name, script_name, subdomain, url_scheme, path_info, default_method, query_args: Optional[Any] = ...
-    ): ...
-    def dispatch(
-        self, view_func, path_info: Optional[Any] = ..., method: Optional[Any] = ..., catch_http_exceptions: bool = ...
+        self, map, server_name, script_name, subdomain, url_scheme, path_info, default_method, query_args: Any | None = ...
     ): ...
+    def dispatch(self, view_func, path_info: Any | None = ..., method: Any | None = ..., catch_http_exceptions: bool = ...): ...
     def match(
-        self,
-        path_info: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        method: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        return_rule: bool = ...,
-        query_args: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        self, path_info: Any | None = ..., method: Any | None = ..., return_rule: bool = ..., query_args: Any | None = ...
     ): ...
-    def test(self, path_info: Optional[Any] = ..., method: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
-    def allowed_methods(self, path_info: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def test(self, path_info: Any | None = ..., method: Any | None = ...): ...
+    def allowed_methods(self, path_info: Any | None = ...): ...
     def get_host(self, domain_part): ...
     def get_default_redirect(self, rule, method, values, query_args): ...
     def encode_query_args(self, query_args): ...
-    def make_redirect_url(self, path_info, query_args: Optional[Any] = ..., domain_part: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def make_redirect_url(self, path_info, query_args: Any | None = ..., domain_part: Any | None = ...): ...
     def make_alias_redirect_url(self, path, endpoint, values, method, query_args): ...
     def build(
-        self,
-        endpoint,
-        values: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        method: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        force_external: bool = ...,
-        append_unknown: bool = ...,
+        self, endpoint, values: Any | None = ..., method: Any | None = ..., force_external: bool = ..., append_unknown: bool = ...
     ): ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/script.pyi

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 argument_types: Any
 converters: Any
 
-def run(namespace: Optional[Any] = ..., action_prefix: str = ..., args: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+def run(namespace: Any | None = ..., action_prefix: str = ..., args: Any | None = ...): ...
 def fail(message, code: int = ...): ...
 def find_actions(namespace, action_prefix): ...
 def print_usage(actions): ...
 def analyse_action(func): ...
-def make_shell(init_func: Optional[Any] = ..., banner: Optional[Any] = ..., use_ipython: bool = ...): ...
+def make_shell(init_func: Any | None = ..., banner: Any | None = ..., use_ipython: bool = ...): ...
 def make_runserver(
     app_factory,
     hostname: str = ...,
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ def make_runserver(
     use_evalex: bool = ...,
     threaded: bool = ...,
     processes: int = ...,
-    static_files: Optional[Any] = ...,
-    extra_files: Optional[Any] = ...,
-    ssl_context: Optional[Any] = ...,
+    static_files: Any | None = ...,
+    extra_files: Any | None = ...,
+    ssl_context: Any | None = ...,
 ): ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/security.pyi

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 SALT_CHARS: Any
 DEFAULT_PBKDF2_ITERATIONS: Any
 
-def pbkdf2_hex(data, salt, iterations=..., keylen: Optional[Any] = ..., hashfunc: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
-def pbkdf2_bin(data, salt, iterations=..., keylen: Optional[Any] = ..., hashfunc: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+def pbkdf2_hex(data, salt, iterations=..., keylen: Any | None = ..., hashfunc: Any | None = ...): ...
+def pbkdf2_bin(data, salt, iterations=..., keylen: Any | None = ..., hashfunc: Any | None = ...): ...
 def safe_str_cmp(a, b): ...
 def gen_salt(length): ...
 def generate_password_hash(password, method: str = ..., salt_length: int = ...): ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/serving.pyi

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import sys
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 if sys.version_info >= (3, 0):
     from http.server import BaseHTTPRequestHandler, HTTPServer
@@ -33,10 +33,10 @@ class WSGIRequestHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
     def run_wsgi(self): ...
     def handle(self): ...
     def initiate_shutdown(self): ...
-    def connection_dropped(self, error, environ: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def connection_dropped(self, error, environ: Any | None = ...): ...
     raw_requestline: Any
     def handle_one_request(self): ...
-    def send_response(self, code, message: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def send_response(self, code, message: Any | None = ...): ...
     def version_string(self): ...
     def address_string(self): ...
     def port_integer(self): ...
@@ -47,17 +47,17 @@ class WSGIRequestHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
 
 BaseRequestHandler: Any
 
-def generate_adhoc_ssl_pair(cn: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
-def make_ssl_devcert(base_path, host: Optional[Any] = ..., cn: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+def generate_adhoc_ssl_pair(cn: Any | None = ...): ...
+def make_ssl_devcert(base_path, host: Any | None = ..., cn: Any | None = ...): ...
 def generate_adhoc_ssl_context(): ...
-def load_ssl_context(cert_file, pkey_file: Optional[Any] = ..., protocol: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+def load_ssl_context(cert_file, pkey_file: Any | None = ..., protocol: Any | None = ...): ...
 
 class _SSLContext:
     def __init__(self, protocol): ...
-    def load_cert_chain(self, certfile, keyfile: Optional[Any] = ..., password: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def load_cert_chain(self, certfile, keyfile: Any | None = ..., password: Any | None = ...): ...
     def wrap_socket(self, sock, **kwargs): ...
 
-def is_ssl_error(error: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+def is_ssl_error(error: Any | None = ...): ...
 def select_ip_version(host, port): ...
 
 class BaseWSGIServer(HTTPServer):
@@ -78,10 +78,10 @@ class BaseWSGIServer(HTTPServer):
         host,
         port,
         app,
-        handler: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        handler: Any | None = ...,
         passthrough_errors: bool = ...,
-        ssl_context: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        fd: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        ssl_context: Any | None = ...,
+        fd: Any | None = ...,
     ): ...
     def log(self, type, message, *args): ...
     def serve_forever(self): ...
@@ -101,22 +101,22 @@ class ForkingWSGIServer(ForkingMixIn, BaseWSGIServer):
         port,
         app,
         processes: int = ...,
-        handler: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        handler: Any | None = ...,
         passthrough_errors: bool = ...,
-        ssl_context: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        fd: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        ssl_context: Any | None = ...,
+        fd: Any | None = ...,
     ): ...
 
 def make_server(
-    host: Optional[Any] = ...,
-    port: Optional[Any] = ...,
-    app: Optional[Any] = ...,
+    host: Any | None = ...,
+    port: Any | None = ...,
+    app: Any | None = ...,
     threaded: bool = ...,
     processes: int = ...,
-    request_handler: Optional[Any] = ...,
+    request_handler: Any | None = ...,
     passthrough_errors: bool = ...,
-    ssl_context: Optional[Any] = ...,
-    fd: Optional[Any] = ...,
+    ssl_context: Any | None = ...,
+    fd: Any | None = ...,
 ): ...
 def is_running_from_reloader(): ...
 def run_simple(
@@ -126,15 +126,15 @@ def run_simple(
     use_reloader: bool = ...,
     use_debugger: bool = ...,
     use_evalex: bool = ...,
-    extra_files: Optional[Any] = ...,
+    extra_files: Any | None = ...,
     reloader_interval: int = ...,
     reloader_type: str = ...,
     threaded: bool = ...,
     processes: int = ...,
-    request_handler: Optional[Any] = ...,
-    static_files: Optional[Any] = ...,
+    request_handler: Any | None = ...,
+    static_files: Any | None = ...,
     passthrough_errors: bool = ...,
-    ssl_context: Optional[Any] = ...,
+    ssl_context: Any | None = ...,
 ): ...
 def run_with_reloader(*args, **kwargs): ...
 def main(): ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/test.pyi

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import sys
 from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
-from typing import Any, Generic, Optional, Text, Tuple, Type, TypeVar, overload
+from typing import Any, Generic, Text, Tuple, Type, TypeVar, overload
 from typing_extensions import Literal
 
 if sys.version_info >= (3, 0):
@@ -10,17 +10,15 @@ else:
     from cookielib import CookieJar
     from urllib2 import Request as U2Request
 
-def stream_encode_multipart(
-    values, use_tempfile: int = ..., threshold=..., boundary: Optional[Any] = ..., charset: Text = ...
-): ...
-def encode_multipart(values, boundary: Optional[Any] = ..., charset: Text = ...): ...
-def File(fd, filename: Optional[Any] = ..., mimetype: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+def stream_encode_multipart(values, use_tempfile: int = ..., threshold=..., boundary: Any | None = ..., charset: Text = ...): ...
+def encode_multipart(values, boundary: Any | None = ..., charset: Text = ...): ...
+def File(fd, filename: Any | None = ..., mimetype: Any | None = ...): ...
 
 class _TestCookieHeaders:
     headers: Any
     def __init__(self, headers): ...
     def getheaders(self, name): ...
-    def get_all(self, name, default: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def get_all(self, name, default: Any | None = ...): ...
 
 class _TestCookieResponse:
     headers: Any
@@ -55,20 +53,20 @@ class EnvironBuilder:
     def __init__(
         self,
         path: str = ...,
-        base_url: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        query_string: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        base_url: Any | None = ...,
+        query_string: Any | None = ...,
         method: str = ...,
-        input_stream: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        content_type: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        content_length: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        errors_stream: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        input_stream: Any | None = ...,
+        content_type: Any | None = ...,
+        content_length: Any | None = ...,
+        errors_stream: Any | None = ...,
         multithread: bool = ...,
         multiprocess: bool = ...,
         run_once: bool = ...,
-        headers: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        data: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        environ_base: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        environ_overrides: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        headers: Any | None = ...,
+        data: Any | None = ...,
+        environ_base: Any | None = ...,
+        environ_overrides: Any | None = ...,
         charset: Text = ...,
     ): ...
     form: Any
@@ -80,40 +78,36 @@ class EnvironBuilder:
     def __del__(self) -> None: ...
     def close(self) -> None: ...
     def get_environ(self) -> WSGIEnvironment: ...
-    def get_request(self, cls: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def get_request(self, cls: Any | None = ...): ...
 
 class ClientRedirectError(Exception): ...
 
 # Response type for the client below.
-# By default _R is Tuple[Iterable[Any], Union[Text, int], datastructures.Headers]
+# By default _R is Tuple[Iterable[Any], Text | int, datastructures.Headers]
 _R = TypeVar("_R")
 
 class Client(Generic[_R]):
     application: Any
-    response_wrapper: Optional[Type[_R]]
+    response_wrapper: Type[_R] | None
     cookie_jar: Any
     allow_subdomain_redirects: Any
     def __init__(
-        self,
-        application,
-        response_wrapper: Optional[Type[_R]] = ...,
-        use_cookies: bool = ...,
-        allow_subdomain_redirects: bool = ...,
+        self, application, response_wrapper: Type[_R] | None = ..., use_cookies: bool = ..., allow_subdomain_redirects: bool = ...
     ): ...
     def set_cookie(
         self,
         server_name,
         key,
         value: str = ...,
-        max_age: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        expires: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        max_age: Any | None = ...,
+        expires: Any | None = ...,
         path: str = ...,
-        domain: Optional[Any] = ...,
-        secure: Optional[Any] = ...,
+        domain: Any | None = ...,
+        secure: Any | None = ...,
         httponly: bool = ...,
         charset: Text = ...,
     ): ...
-    def delete_cookie(self, server_name, key, path: str = ..., domain: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def delete_cookie(self, server_name, key, path: str = ..., domain: Any | None = ...): ...
     def run_wsgi_app(self, environ, buffered: bool = ...): ...
     def resolve_redirect(self, response, new_location, environ, buffered: bool = ...): ...
     @overload

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/urls.pyi

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from typing import Any, NamedTuple, Optional, Text
+from typing import Any, NamedTuple, Text
 
 class _URLTuple(NamedTuple):
     scheme: Any
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class BaseURL(_URLTuple):
     def decode_netloc(self): ...
     def to_uri_tuple(self): ...
     def to_iri_tuple(self): ...
-    def get_file_location(self, pathformat: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def get_file_location(self, pathformat: Any | None = ...): ...
 
 class URL(BaseURL):
     def encode_netloc(self): ...
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ class BytesURL(BaseURL):
     def encode_netloc(self): ...
     def decode(self, charset: Text = ..., errors: Text = ...): ...
 
-def url_parse(url, scheme: Optional[Any] = ..., allow_fragments: bool = ...): ...
+def url_parse(url, scheme: Any | None = ..., allow_fragments: bool = ...): ...
 def url_quote(string, charset: Text = ..., errors: Text = ..., safe: str = ..., unsafe: str = ...): ...
 def url_quote_plus(string, charset: Text = ..., errors: Text = ..., safe: str = ...): ...
 def url_unparse(components): ...
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ def url_decode(
     include_empty: bool = ...,
     errors: Text = ...,
     separator: str = ...,
-    cls: Optional[Any] = ...,
+    cls: Any | None = ...,
 ): ...
 def url_decode_stream(
     stream,
@@ -66,20 +66,20 @@ def url_decode_stream(
     include_empty: bool = ...,
     errors: Text = ...,
     separator: str = ...,
-    cls: Optional[Any] = ...,
-    limit: Optional[Any] = ...,
+    cls: Any | None = ...,
+    limit: Any | None = ...,
     return_iterator: bool = ...,
 ): ...
 def url_encode(
-    obj, charset: Text = ..., encode_keys: bool = ..., sort: bool = ..., key: Optional[Any] = ..., separator: bytes = ...
+    obj, charset: Text = ..., encode_keys: bool = ..., sort: bool = ..., key: Any | None = ..., separator: bytes = ...
 ): ...
 def url_encode_stream(
     obj,
-    stream: Optional[Any] = ...,
+    stream: Any | None = ...,
     charset: Text = ...,
     encode_keys: bool = ...,
     sort: bool = ...,
-    key: Optional[Any] = ...,
+    key: Any | None = ...,
     separator: bytes = ...,
 ): ...
 def url_join(base, url, allow_fragments: bool = ...): ...
@@ -89,6 +89,6 @@ class Href:
     charset: Text
     sort: Any
     key: Any
-    def __init__(self, base: str = ..., charset: Text = ..., sort: bool = ..., key: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, base: str = ..., charset: Text = ..., sort: bool = ..., key: Any | None = ...): ...
     def __getattr__(self, name): ...
     def __call__(self, *path, **query): ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/useragents.pyi

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 class UserAgentParser:
     platforms: Any
@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ class UserAgentParser:
 
 class UserAgent:
     string: Any
-    platform: Optional[str]
-    browser: Optional[str]
-    version: Optional[str]
-    language: Optional[str]
+    platform: str | None
+    browser: str | None
+    version: str | None
+    language: str | None
     def __init__(self, environ_or_string): ...
     def to_header(self): ...
     def __nonzero__(self): ...

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/utils.pyi

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from typing import Any, Optional, Text, Type, TypeVar, overload
+from typing import Any, Text, Type, TypeVar, overload
 
 from werkzeug._internal import _DictAccessorProperty
 from werkzeug.wrappers import Response
@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ class cached_property(property):
     __module__: Any
     __doc__: Any
     func: Any
-    def __init__(self, func, name: Optional[Any] = ..., doc: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, func, name: Any | None = ..., doc: Any | None = ...): ...
     def __set__(self, obj, value): ...
-    def __get__(self, obj, type: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __get__(self, obj, type: Any | None = ...): ...
 
 class environ_property(_DictAccessorProperty):
     read_only: Any
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ xhtml: Any
 def get_content_type(mimetype, charset): ...
 def format_string(string, context): ...
 def secure_filename(filename: Text) -> Text: ...
-def escape(s, quote: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+def escape(s, quote: Any | None = ...): ...
 def unescape(s): ...
 
 # 'redirect' returns a werkzeug Response, unless you give it
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ class ArgumentValidationError(ValueError):
     missing: Any
     extra: Any
     extra_positional: Any
-    def __init__(self, missing: Optional[Any] = ..., extra: Optional[Any] = ..., extra_positional: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, missing: Any | None = ..., extra: Any | None = ..., extra_positional: Any | None = ...): ...
 
 class ImportStringError(ImportError):
     import_name: Any

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/wrappers.pyi

@@ -1,21 +1,6 @@
 from _typeshed.wsgi import InputStream, WSGIEnvironment
 from datetime import datetime, timedelta
-from typing import (
-    Any,
-    Callable,
-    Iterable,
-    Iterator,
-    Mapping,
-    MutableMapping,
-    Optional,
-    Sequence,
-    Text,
-    Tuple,
-    Type,
-    TypeVar,
-    Union,
-    overload,
-)
+from typing import Any, Callable, Iterable, Iterator, Mapping, MutableMapping, Sequence, Text, Tuple, Type, TypeVar, overload
 from typing_extensions import Literal
 
 from .datastructures import (
@@ -37,13 +22,13 @@ from .useragents import UserAgent
 class BaseRequest:
     charset: str
     encoding_errors: str
-    max_content_length: Optional[int]
+    max_content_length: int | None
     max_form_memory_size: int
     parameter_storage_class: Type[Any]
     list_storage_class: Type[Any]
     dict_storage_class: Type[Any]
     form_data_parser_class: Type[Any]
-    trusted_hosts: Optional[Sequence[Text]]
+    trusted_hosts: Sequence[Text] | None
     disable_data_descriptor: Any
     environ: WSGIEnvironment = ...
     shallow: Any
@@ -110,7 +95,7 @@ _SelfT = TypeVar("_SelfT", bound=BaseResponse)
 class BaseResponse:
     charset: str
     default_status: int
-    default_mimetype: Optional[str]
+    default_mimetype: str | None
     implicit_sequence_conversion: bool
     autocorrect_location_header: bool
     automatically_set_content_length: bool
@@ -121,16 +106,16 @@ class BaseResponse:
     response: Iterable[bytes]
     def __init__(
         self,
-        response: Optional[Union[str, bytes, bytearray, Iterable[str], Iterable[bytes]]] = ...,
-        status: Optional[Union[Text, int]] = ...,
-        headers: Optional[Union[Headers, Mapping[Text, Text], Sequence[Tuple[Text, Text]]]] = ...,
-        mimetype: Optional[Text] = ...,
-        content_type: Optional[Text] = ...,
+        response: str | bytes | bytearray | Iterable[str] | Iterable[bytes] | None = ...,
+        status: Text | int | None = ...,
+        headers: Headers | Mapping[Text, Text] | Sequence[Tuple[Text, Text]] | None = ...,
+        mimetype: Text | None = ...,
+        content_type: Text | None = ...,
         direct_passthrough: bool = ...,
     ) -> None: ...
     def call_on_close(self, func: _OnCloseT) -> _OnCloseT: ...
     @classmethod
-    def force_type(cls: Type[_SelfT], response: object, environ: Optional[WSGIEnvironment] = ...) -> _SelfT: ...
+    def force_type(cls: Type[_SelfT], response: object, environ: WSGIEnvironment | None = ...) -> _SelfT: ...
     @classmethod
     def from_app(cls: Type[_SelfT], app: Any, environ: WSGIEnvironment, buffered: bool = ...) -> _SelfT: ...
     @overload
@@ -139,24 +124,24 @@ class BaseResponse:
     def get_data(self, as_text: Literal[True]) -> Text: ...
     @overload
     def get_data(self, as_text: bool) -> Any: ...
-    def set_data(self, value: Union[bytes, Text]) -> None: ...
+    def set_data(self, value: bytes | Text) -> None: ...
     data: Any
-    def calculate_content_length(self) -> Optional[int]: ...
+    def calculate_content_length(self) -> int | None: ...
     def make_sequence(self) -> None: ...
     def iter_encoded(self) -> Iterator[bytes]: ...
     def set_cookie(
         self,
         key: str,
-        value: Union[str, bytes] = ...,
-        max_age: Union[float, timedelta, None] = ...,
-        expires: Optional[Union[int, datetime]] = ...,
+        value: str | bytes = ...,
+        max_age: float | timedelta | None = ...,
+        expires: int | datetime | None = ...,
         path: str = ...,
-        domain: Optional[str] = ...,
+        domain: str | None = ...,
         secure: bool = ...,
         httponly: bool = ...,
-        samesite: Optional[str] = ...,
+        samesite: str | None = ...,
     ) -> None: ...
-    def delete_cookie(self, key, path: str = ..., domain: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def delete_cookie(self, key, path: str = ..., domain: Any | None = ...): ...
     @property
     def is_streamed(self) -> bool: ...
     @property
@@ -204,7 +189,7 @@ class UserAgentMixin:
 
 class AuthorizationMixin:
     @property
-    def authorization(self) -> Optional[Authorization]: ...
+    def authorization(self) -> Authorization | None: ...
 
 class StreamOnlyMixin:
     disable_data_descriptor: Any
@@ -214,7 +199,7 @@ class ETagResponseMixin:
     @property
     def cache_control(self): ...
     status_code: Any
-    def make_conditional(self, request_or_environ, accept_ranges: bool = ..., complete_length: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def make_conditional(self, request_or_environ, accept_ranges: bool = ..., complete_length: Any | None = ...): ...
     def add_etag(self, overwrite: bool = ..., weak: bool = ...): ...
     def set_etag(self, etag, weak: bool = ...): ...
     def get_etag(self): ...
@@ -241,19 +226,19 @@ class ResponseStreamMixin:
 
 class CommonRequestDescriptorsMixin:
     @property
-    def content_type(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    def content_type(self) -> str | None: ...
     @property
-    def content_length(self) -> Optional[int]: ...
+    def content_length(self) -> int | None: ...
     @property
-    def content_encoding(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    def content_encoding(self) -> str | None: ...
     @property
-    def content_md5(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    def content_md5(self) -> str | None: ...
     @property
-    def referrer(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    def referrer(self) -> str | None: ...
     @property
-    def date(self) -> Optional[datetime]: ...
+    def date(self) -> datetime | None: ...
     @property
-    def max_forwards(self) -> Optional[int]: ...
+    def max_forwards(self) -> int | None: ...
     @property
     def mimetype(self) -> str: ...
     @property
@@ -262,23 +247,23 @@ class CommonRequestDescriptorsMixin:
     def pragma(self) -> HeaderSet: ...
 
 class CommonResponseDescriptorsMixin:
-    mimetype: Optional[str] = ...
+    mimetype: str | None = ...
     @property
     def mimetype_params(self) -> MutableMapping[str, str]: ...
-    location: Optional[str] = ...
-    age: Any = ...  # get: Optional[datetime.timedelta]
-    content_type: Optional[str] = ...
-    content_length: Optional[int] = ...
-    content_location: Optional[str] = ...
-    content_encoding: Optional[str] = ...
-    content_md5: Optional[str] = ...
-    date: Any = ...  # get: Optional[datetime.datetime]
-    expires: Any = ...  # get: Optional[datetime.datetime]
-    last_modified: Any = ...  # get: Optional[datetime.datetime]
-    retry_after: Any = ...  # get: Optional[datetime.datetime]
-    vary: Optional[str] = ...
-    content_language: Optional[str] = ...
-    allow: Optional[str] = ...
+    location: str | None = ...
+    age: Any = ...  # get: datetime.timedelta | None
+    content_type: str | None = ...
+    content_length: int | None = ...
+    content_location: str | None = ...
+    content_encoding: str | None = ...
+    content_md5: str | None = ...
+    date: Any = ...  # get: datetime.datetime | None
+    expires: Any = ...  # get: datetime.datetime | None
+    last_modified: Any = ...  # get: datetime.datetime | None
+    retry_after: Any = ...  # get: datetime.datetime | None
+    vary: str | None = ...
+    content_language: str | None = ...
+    allow: str | None = ...
 
 class WWWAuthenticateMixin:
     @property

stubs/Werkzeug/werkzeug/wsgi.pyi

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from _typeshed import SupportsRead
 from _typeshed.wsgi import InputStream, WSGIEnvironment
-from typing import Any, Iterable, Optional, Text
+from typing import Any, Iterable, Text
 
 from .middleware.dispatcher import DispatcherMiddleware as DispatcherMiddleware
 from .middleware.http_proxy import ProxyMiddleware as ProxyMiddleware
@@ -8,11 +8,11 @@ from .middleware.shared_data import SharedDataMiddleware as SharedDataMiddleware
 
 def responder(f): ...
 def get_current_url(
-    environ, root_only: bool = ..., strip_querystring: bool = ..., host_only: bool = ..., trusted_hosts: Optional[Any] = ...
+    environ, root_only: bool = ..., strip_querystring: bool = ..., host_only: bool = ..., trusted_hosts: Any | None = ...
 ): ...
 def host_is_trusted(hostname, trusted_list): ...
-def get_host(environ, trusted_hosts: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
-def get_content_length(environ: WSGIEnvironment) -> Optional[int]: ...
+def get_host(environ, trusted_hosts: Any | None = ...): ...
+def get_content_length(environ: WSGIEnvironment) -> int | None: ...
 def get_input_stream(environ: WSGIEnvironment, safe_fallback: bool = ...) -> InputStream: ...
 def get_query_string(environ): ...
 def get_path_info(environ, charset: Text = ..., errors: Text = ...): ...
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ def extract_path_info(
 ): ...
 
 class ClosingIterator:
-    def __init__(self, iterable, callbacks: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, iterable, callbacks: Any | None = ...): ...
     def __iter__(self): ...
     def __next__(self): ...
     def close(self): ...
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class FileWrapper:
     def close(self) -> None: ...
     def seekable(self) -> bool: ...
     def seek(self, offset: int, whence: int = ...) -> None: ...
-    def tell(self) -> Optional[int]: ...
+    def tell(self) -> int | None: ...
     def __iter__(self) -> FileWrapper: ...
     def __next__(self) -> bytes: ...
 
@@ -50,13 +50,13 @@ class _RangeWrapper:
     read_length: Any
     seekable: Any
     end_reached: Any
-    def __init__(self, iterable, start_byte: int = ..., byte_range: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def __init__(self, iterable, start_byte: int = ..., byte_range: Any | None = ...): ...
     def __iter__(self): ...
     def __next__(self): ...
     def close(self): ...
 
-def make_line_iter(stream, limit: Optional[Any] = ..., buffer_size=..., cap_at_buffer: bool = ...): ...
-def make_chunk_iter(stream, separator, limit: Optional[Any] = ..., buffer_size=..., cap_at_buffer: bool = ...): ...
+def make_line_iter(stream, limit: Any | None = ..., buffer_size=..., cap_at_buffer: bool = ...): ...
+def make_chunk_iter(stream, separator, limit: Any | None = ..., buffer_size=..., cap_at_buffer: bool = ...): ...
 
 class LimitedStream:
     limit: Any
@@ -67,8 +67,8 @@ class LimitedStream:
     def on_exhausted(self): ...
     def on_disconnect(self): ...
     def exhaust(self, chunk_size=...): ...
-    def read(self, size: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
-    def readline(self, size: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
-    def readlines(self, size: Optional[Any] = ...): ...
+    def read(self, size: Any | None = ...): ...
+    def readline(self, size: Any | None = ...): ...
+    def readlines(self, size: Any | None = ...): ...
     def tell(self): ...
     def __next__(self): ...