This type is something core to Python and is useful when typing web applications,
but doesn't actually exist in the stdlib anywhere. I put this in wsgiref, but I am
open to suggestions as for a better place.
(Original PR by @rowillia.)
**test_next.py**:
```python
z = (x*2 for x in range(10))
reveal_type(next(z, None))
```
Before:
```shell
test_next.py:2: error: Revealed type is 'builtins.int*'
```
After:
```shell
test_next.py:2: error: Revealed type is 'Union[builtins.int*, builtins.None]'
```
The python2 unittest `assertIsInstance` and `assertNotIsInstance` stub
did not allow using a tuple of classes, but that behavior is [in the
documentation][1]. This commit copies the type stub for the isinstance
built-in to the stubs for `assertIsInstance` and `assertNotIsInstance`
I made this commit in response to @gvanrossum's request in
python/typeshed#802 (which fixed this issue for python 3) that I apply
the same fix to python 2.
[1]: https://docs.python.org/2.7/library/unittest.html#unittest.TestCase.assertNotIsInstance
This chage more closely matches the behavior of `get` at runtime. Users can pass whatever they want in to the default
parameter and it will be returned if the key is absent. Additionally, `get` should return an `Optional` if called with
only one parameter.
```python
z = {'a': 22}
reveal_type(z.get('b'))
reveal_type(z.get('b', 22))
reveal_type(z.get('b', 'hello'))
```
Before:
```shell
test_get_default.py:2: error: Revealed type is 'builtins.int*'
test_get_default.py:3: error: Revealed type is 'builtins.int*'
test_get_default.py:4: error: Revealed type is 'builtins.int*'
test_get_default.py:4: error: Argument 2 to "get" of "dict" has incompatible type "str"; expected "int"
```
After:
```shell
test_get_default.py:2: error: Revealed type is 'Union[builtins.int*, builtins.None]'
test_get_default.py:3: error: Revealed type is 'builtins.int'
test_get_default.py:4: error: Revealed type is 'Union[builtins.int, builtins.str*]'
```
* Define __slots__ for object as Iterable[str] / Iterable[Union[str, unicode]]
* A string as __slots__ value is also valid and represents a single item
* Add `None` to type union for `subprocess.Popen.communicate` stub's `input` parameter.
* subprocess.communicate `input` annotated as `Optional[AnyStr]` for both 2.7 and 3.x; `timeout` as `Optional[float]`.
- Cursor is an Iterator of Any now, and .__iter__(..) and .__next__(..)
have been changed / made explicit to reflect this.
- .fetchall(..)/.fetchmany(..)/.fetchone(..) return (lists of) Anys
instead of tuples.
As per discussion in PR #663, the output of fetching values from the
cursor can be customized with a custom assignment to
.row_factory. Therefore the correct return type for fetching is Any and
not tuple.
