Fix #1631 - Disable balloon support for terminals by default

Only temporarily replace TMPDIR if it's defined to be an empty string
unlet $TMPDIR too, where we can
2025-12-06 20:54:26 +08:00 · 2018-07-20 16:11:38 +01:00 · 2018-07-16 08:50:34 +01:00 · 2018-07-15 23:05:04 +01:00 · 2018-07-15 21:03:49 +01:00 · 2018-07-13 09:47:40 +01:00
372 changed files with 5438 additions and 5519 deletions
--- a/.travis.yml
+++ b/.travis.yml
@@ -3,10 +3,5 @@ sudo: required
 services:
    - docker
 language: generic
-env:
-    - OPTIONS=--vim-80-only
-    - OPTIONS=--vim-81-only
-    - OPTIONS=--neovim-only
-    - OPTIONS=--linters-only
 script: |
-    ./run-tests -v $OPTIONS
+    ./run-tests -v
--- a/.github/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
+++ b/.github/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
--- a/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 Have fun, and work on whatever floats your boat. Take It Easy :tm:.

 For help with contributing to ALE, see `:help ale-development` in Vim, or view
-the help file online [here](/doc/ale-development.txt).
+the help file online [here](/w0rp/ale/blob/master/doc/ale-development.txt).

 ## Creating Issues

--- a/1
+++ b/1
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 FROM tweekmonster/vim-testbed:latest

 RUN install_vim -tag v8.0.0027 -build \
-                -tag v8.1.0204 -build \
                -tag neovim:v0.2.0 -build \
                -tag neovim:v0.3.0 -build

--- a/.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md
+++ b/.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -4,8 +4,7 @@
 ![ALE Logo by Mark Grealish - https://www.bhalash.com/](img/logo.jpg?raw=true)

 ALE (Asynchronous Lint Engine) is a plugin for providing linting in NeoVim
-0.2.0+ and Vim 8 while you edit your text files, and acts as a Vim
-[Language Server Protocol](https://langserver.org/) client.
+0.2.0+ and Vim 8 while you edit your text files.

 ![linting example](img/example.gif?raw=true)

@@ -97,7 +96,7 @@ formatting.
 | Awk | [gawk](https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/)|
 | Bash | [language-server](https://github.com/mads-hartmann/bash-language-server), shell [-n flag](https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#index-set), [shellcheck](https://www.shellcheck.net/), [shfmt](https://github.com/mvdan/sh) |
 | Bourne Shell | shell [-n flag](http://linux.die.net/man/1/sh), [shellcheck](https://www.shellcheck.net/), [shfmt](https://github.com/mvdan/sh) |
-| C | [cppcheck](http://cppcheck.sourceforge.net), [cpplint](https://github.com/google/styleguide/tree/gh-pages/cpplint), [clang](http://clang.llvm.org/), [clangd](https://clang.llvm.org/extra/clangd.html), [clangtidy](http://clang.llvm.org/extra/clang-tidy/) !!, [clang-format](https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangFormat.html), [cquery](https://github.com/cquery-project/cquery), [flawfinder](https://www.dwheeler.com/flawfinder/), [gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org/) |
+| C | [cppcheck](http://cppcheck.sourceforge.net), [cpplint](https://github.com/google/styleguide/tree/gh-pages/cpplint), [clang](http://clang.llvm.org/), [clangtidy](http://clang.llvm.org/extra/clang-tidy/) !!, [clang-format](https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangFormat.html), [flawfinder](https://www.dwheeler.com/flawfinder/), [gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org/) |
 | C++ (filetype cpp) | [clang](http://clang.llvm.org/), [clangcheck](http://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangCheck.html) !!, [clangtidy](http://clang.llvm.org/extra/clang-tidy/) !!, [clang-format](https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangFormat.html), [cppcheck](http://cppcheck.sourceforge.net), [cpplint](https://github.com/google/styleguide/tree/gh-pages/cpplint) !!, [cquery](https://github.com/cquery-project/cquery), [flawfinder](https://www.dwheeler.com/flawfinder/), [gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org/) |
 | CUDA | [nvcc](http://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-compiler-driver-nvcc/index.html) |
 | C# | [mcs](http://www.mono-project.com/docs/about-mono/languages/csharp/) see:`help ale-cs-mcs` for details, [mcsc](http://www.mono-project.com/docs/about-mono/languages/csharp/) !! see:`help ale-cs-mcsc` for details and configuration|
@@ -119,30 +118,29 @@ formatting.
 | Erb | [erb](https://apidock.com/ruby/ERB), [erubi](https://github.com/jeremyevans/erubi), [erubis](https://github.com/kwatch/erubis) |
 | Erlang | [erlc](http://erlang.org/doc/man/erlc.html), [SyntaxErl](https://github.com/ten0s/syntaxerl) |
 | Fish | fish [-n flag](https://linux.die.net/man/1/fish)
-| Fortran | [gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org/), [language_server](https://github.com/hansec/fortran-language-server) |
+| Fortran | [gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org/) |
 | Fountain | [proselint](http://proselint.com/) |
 | FusionScript | [fusion-lint](https://github.com/RyanSquared/fusionscript) |
 | Git Commit Messages | [gitlint](https://github.com/jorisroovers/gitlint) |
 | GLSL | [glslang](https://github.com/KhronosGroup/glslang), [glslls](https://github.com/svenstaro/glsl-language-server) |
 | Go | [gofmt](https://golang.org/cmd/gofmt/), [goimports](https://godoc.org/golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goimports), [go vet](https://golang.org/cmd/vet/) !!, [golint](https://godoc.org/github.com/golang/lint), [gotype](https://godoc.org/golang.org/x/tools/cmd/gotype) !!, [gometalinter](https://github.com/alecthomas/gometalinter) !!, [go build](https://golang.org/cmd/go/) !!, [gosimple](https://github.com/dominikh/go-tools/tree/master/cmd/gosimple) !!, [staticcheck](https://github.com/dominikh/go-tools/tree/master/cmd/staticcheck) !! |
 | GraphQL | [eslint](http://eslint.org/), [gqlint](https://github.com/happylinks/gqlint), [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier) |
-| Hack | [hack](http://hacklang.org/), [hackfmt](https://github.com/facebook/hhvm/tree/master/hphp/hack/hackfmt), [hhast](https://github.com/hhvm/hhast) (disabled by default; see `:help ale-integration-hack`) |
 | Haml | [haml-lint](https://github.com/brigade/haml-lint) |
 | Handlebars | [ember-template-lint](https://github.com/rwjblue/ember-template-lint) |
-| Haskell | [brittany](https://github.com/lspitzner/brittany), [ghc](https://www.haskell.org/ghc/), [cabal-ghc](https://www.haskell.org/cabal/), [stack-ghc](https://haskellstack.org/), [stack-build](https://haskellstack.org/) !!, [ghc-mod](https://github.com/DanielG/ghc-mod), [stack-ghc-mod](https://github.com/DanielG/ghc-mod), [hlint](https://hackage.haskell.org/package/hlint), [hdevtools](https://hackage.haskell.org/package/hdevtools), [hfmt](https://github.com/danstiner/hfmt), [hie](https://github.com/haskell/haskell-ide-engine) |
+| Haskell | [brittany](https://github.com/lspitzner/brittany), [ghc](https://www.haskell.org/ghc/), [stack-ghc](https://haskellstack.org/), [stack-build](https://haskellstack.org/) !!, [ghc-mod](https://github.com/DanielG/ghc-mod), [stack-ghc-mod](https://github.com/DanielG/ghc-mod), [hlint](https://hackage.haskell.org/package/hlint), [hdevtools](https://hackage.haskell.org/package/hdevtools), [hfmt](https://github.com/danstiner/hfmt) |
 | HTML | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [HTMLHint](http://htmlhint.com/), [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [tidy](http://www.html-tidy.org/), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
 | Idris | [idris](http://www.idris-lang.org/) |
 | Java | [checkstyle](http://checkstyle.sourceforge.net), [javac](http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html), [google-java-format](https://github.com/google/google-java-format), [PMD](https://pmd.github.io/) |
 | JavaScript | [eslint](http://eslint.org/), [flow](https://flowtype.org/), [jscs](http://jscs.info/), [jshint](http://jshint.com/), [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier), [prettier-eslint](https://github.com/prettier/prettier-eslint-cli), [prettier-standard](https://github.com/sheerun/prettier-standard), [standard](http://standardjs.com/), [xo](https://github.com/sindresorhus/xo)
 | JSON | [fixjson](https://github.com/rhysd/fixjson), [jsonlint](http://zaa.ch/jsonlint/), [jq](https://stedolan.github.io/jq/), [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier) |
-| Kotlin | [kotlinc](https://kotlinlang.org) !!, [ktlint](https://ktlint.github.io) !!, [languageserver](https://github.com/fwcd/KotlinLanguageServer) see `:help ale-integration-kotlin` for configuration instructions |
+| Kotlin | [kotlinc](https://kotlinlang.org) !!, [ktlint](https://ktlint.github.io) !! see `:help ale-integration-kotlin` for configuration instructions |
 | LaTeX | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [chktex](http://www.nongnu.org/chktex/), [lacheck](https://www.ctan.org/pkg/lacheck), [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [redpen](http://redpen.cc/), [vale](https://github.com/ValeLint/vale), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
 | Less | [lessc](https://www.npmjs.com/package/less), [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier), [stylelint](https://github.com/stylelint/stylelint) |
 | LLVM | [llc](https://llvm.org/docs/CommandGuide/llc.html) |
 | Lua | [luac](https://www.lua.org/manual/5.1/luac.html), [luacheck](https://github.com/mpeterv/luacheck) |
 | Mail | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [vale](https://github.com/ValeLint/vale) |
 | Make | [checkmake](https://github.com/mrtazz/checkmake) |
-| Markdown | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [markdownlint](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint) !!, [mdl](https://github.com/mivok/markdownlint), [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier), [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [redpen](http://redpen.cc/), [remark-lint](https://github.com/wooorm/remark-lint), [textlint](https://textlint.github.io/), [vale](https://github.com/ValeLint/vale), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
+| Markdown | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [markdownlint](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint) !!, [mdl](https://github.com/mivok/markdownlint), [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier), [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [redpen](http://redpen.cc/), [remark-lint](https://github.com/wooorm/remark-lint) !!, [textlint](https://textlint.github.io/), [vale](https://github.com/ValeLint/vale), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
 | MATLAB | [mlint](https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/ref/mlint.html) |
 | Mercury | [mmc](http://mercurylang.org) !! |
 | NASM | [nasm](https://www.nasm.us/) !! |
@@ -153,14 +151,14 @@ formatting.
 | Objective-C++ | [clang](http://clang.llvm.org/) |
 | OCaml | [merlin](https://github.com/the-lambda-church/merlin) see `:help ale-ocaml-merlin` for configuration instructions, [ols](https://github.com/freebroccolo/ocaml-language-server) |
 | Perl | [perl -c](https://perl.org/), [perl-critic](https://metacpan.org/pod/Perl::Critic), [perltidy](https://metacpan.org/pod/distribution/Perl-Tidy/bin/perltidy) |
-| PHP | [langserver](https://github.com/felixfbecker/php-language-server), [phan](https://github.com/phan/phan) see `:help ale-php-phan` to instructions, [php -l](https://secure.php.net/), [phpcs](https://github.com/squizlabs/PHP_CodeSniffer), [phpmd](https://phpmd.org), [phpstan](https://github.com/phpstan/phpstan), [phpcbf](https://github.com/squizlabs/PHP_CodeSniffer), [php-cs-fixer](http://cs.sensiolabs.org/) |
+| PHP | [hack](http://hacklang.org/), [hackfmt](https://github.com/facebook/flow/tree/master/hack/hackfmt), [langserver](https://github.com/felixfbecker/php-language-server), [phan](https://github.com/phan/phan) see `:help ale-php-phan` to instructions, [php -l](https://secure.php.net/), [phpcs](https://github.com/squizlabs/PHP_CodeSniffer), [phpmd](https://phpmd.org), [phpstan](https://github.com/phpstan/phpstan), [phpcbf](https://github.com/squizlabs/PHP_CodeSniffer), [php-cs-fixer](http://cs.sensiolabs.org/) |
 | PO | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [msgfmt](https://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/html_node/msgfmt-Invocation.html), [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
 | Pod | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
 | Pony | [ponyc](https://github.com/ponylang/ponyc) |
 | proto | [protoc-gen-lint](https://github.com/ckaznocha/protoc-gen-lint) |
 | Pug | [pug-lint](https://github.com/pugjs/pug-lint) |
-| Puppet | [languageserver](https://github.com/lingua-pupuli/puppet-editor-services), [puppet](https://puppet.com), [puppet-lint](https://puppet-lint.com) |
-| Python | [autopep8](https://github.com/hhatto/autopep8), [black](https://github.com/ambv/black), [flake8](http://flake8.pycqa.org/en/latest/), [isort](https://github.com/timothycrosley/isort), [mypy](http://mypy-lang.org/), [prospector](http://github.com/landscapeio/prospector), [pycodestyle](https://github.com/PyCQA/pycodestyle), [pyls](https://github.com/palantir/python-language-server), [pyre](https://github.com/facebook/pyre-check), [pylint](https://www.pylint.org/) !!, [vulture](https://github.com/jendrikseipp/vulture) !!, [yapf](https://github.com/google/yapf) |
+| Puppet | [puppet](https://puppet.com), [puppet-lint](https://puppet-lint.com) |
+| Python | [autopep8](https://github.com/hhatto/autopep8), [black](https://github.com/ambv/black), [flake8](http://flake8.pycqa.org/en/latest/), [isort](https://github.com/timothycrosley/isort), [mypy](http://mypy-lang.org/), [prospector](http://github.com/landscapeio/prospector), [pycodestyle](https://github.com/PyCQA/pycodestyle), [pyls](https://github.com/palantir/python-language-server), [pyre](https://github.com/facebook/pyre-check), [pylint](https://www.pylint.org/) !!, [yapf](https://github.com/google/yapf) |
 | QML | [qmlfmt](https://github.com/jesperhh/qmlfmt), [qmllint](https://github.com/qt/qtdeclarative/tree/5.11/tools/qmllint) |
 | R | [lintr](https://github.com/jimhester/lintr) |
 | ReasonML | [merlin](https://github.com/the-lambda-church/merlin) see `:help ale-reasonml-ols` for configuration instructions, [ols](https://github.com/freebroccolo/ocaml-language-server), [refmt](https://github.com/reasonml/reason-cli) |
@@ -187,11 +185,10 @@ formatting.
 | Verilog | [iverilog](https://github.com/steveicarus/iverilog), [verilator](http://www.veripool.org/projects/verilator/wiki/Intro) |
 | Vim | [vint](https://github.com/Kuniwak/vint) |
 | Vim help^ | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
-| Vue | [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier), [vls](https://github.com/vuejs/vetur/tree/master/server) |
+| Vue | [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier) |
 | XHTML | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
 | XML | [xmllint](http://xmlsoft.org/xmllint.html) |
 | YAML | [swaglint](https://github.com/byCedric/swaglint), [yamllint](https://yamllint.readthedocs.io/) |
-| YANG | [yang-lsp](https://github.com/theia-ide/yang-lsp) |

 <a name="usage"></a>

--- a/ale_linters/apiblueprint/drafter.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/apiblueprint/drafter.vim
@@ -31,6 +31,6 @@ call ale#linter#Define('apiblueprint', {
 \   'name': 'drafter',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'executable': 'drafter',
-\   'command': 'drafter --use-line-num --validate',
+\   'command': 'drafter --use-line-num --validate %t',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#apiblueprint#drafter#HandleErrors',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/asciidoc/write-good.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/asciidoc/write-good.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
+" Description: write-good for AsciiDoc files
+
+call ale#linter#Define('asciidoc', {
+\   'name': 'write-good',
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetCommand',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#Handle',
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/asciidoc/writegood.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/asciidoc/writegood.vim
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
-" Description: write-good for AsciiDoc files
-
-call ale#handlers#writegood#DefineLinter('asciidoc')
--- a/ale_linters/asm/gcc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/asm/gcc.vim
@@ -4,10 +4,15 @@
 call ale#Set('asm_gcc_executable', 'gcc')
 call ale#Set('asm_gcc_options', '-Wall')

+function! ale_linters#asm#gcc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'asm_gcc_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#asm#gcc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return '%e -x assembler -fsyntax-only '
-    \   . '-iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h'))
-    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'asm_gcc_options') . ' -'
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#asm#gcc#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \    . ' -x assembler -fsyntax-only '
+    \    . '-iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h'))
+    \    . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'asm_gcc_options') . ' -'
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#asm#gcc#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
@@ -28,7 +33,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('asm', {
 \    'name': 'gcc',
 \    'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\    'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('asm_gcc_executable'),
+\    'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#asm#gcc#GetExecutable',
 \    'command_callback': 'ale_linters#asm#gcc#GetCommand',
 \    'callback': 'ale_linters#asm#gcc#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/awk/gawk.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/awk/gawk.vim
@@ -1,21 +1,29 @@
 " Author: kmarc <korondi.mark@gmail.com>
 " Description: This file adds support for using GNU awk with sripts.

-call ale#Set('awk_gawk_executable', 'gawk')
-call ale#Set('awk_gawk_options', '')
+let g:ale_awk_gawk_executable =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_awk_gawk_executable', 'gawk')
+
+let g:ale_awk_gawk_options =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_awk_gawk_options', '')
+
+function! ale_linters#awk#gawk#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'awk_gawk_executable')
+endfunction

 function! ale_linters#awk#gawk#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    " note the --source 'BEGIN ...' is to prevent
    " gawk from attempting to execute the body of the script
    " it is linting.
-    return '%e --source ' . ale#Escape('BEGIN { exit } END { exit 1 }')
-    \   .  ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'awk_gawk_options'))
-    \   . ' -f %t --lint /dev/null'
+    return ale_linters#awk#gawk#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+    \   . " --source 'BEGIN { exit } END { exit 1 }'"
+    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'awk_gawk_options')
+    \   . ' ' . '-f %t --lint /dev/null'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('awk', {
 \   'name': 'gawk',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('awk_gawk_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#awk#gawk#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#awk#gawk#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gawk#HandleGawkFormat',
 \   'output_stream': 'both'
--- a/ale_linters/c/clang.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/c/clang.vim
@@ -4,24 +4,29 @@
 call ale#Set('c_clang_executable', 'clang')
 call ale#Set('c_clang_options', '-std=c11 -Wall')

+function! ale_linters#c#clang#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clang_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#c#clang#GetCommand(buffer, output) abort
    let l:cflags = ale#c#GetCFlags(a:buffer, a:output)

    " -iquote with the directory the file is in makes #include work for
    "  headers in the same directory.
-    return '%e -S -x c -fsyntax-only'
-    \   . ' -iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h'))
-    \   . ale#Pad(l:cflags)
-    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clang_options')) . ' -'
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#c#clang#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' -S -x c -fsyntax-only '
+    \   . '-iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h')) . ' '
+    \   . l:cflags
+    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clang_options') . ' -'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('c', {
 \   'name': 'clang',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('c_clang_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#c#clang#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_chain': [
 \       {'callback': 'ale#c#GetMakeCommand', 'output_stream': 'stdout'},
 \       {'callback': 'ale_linters#c#clang#GetCommand'}
 \   ],
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormatWithIncludes',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/c/clangd.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/c/clangd.vim
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Andrey Melentyev <andrey.melentyev@protonmail.com>
-" Description: Clangd language server
-
-call ale#Set('c_clangd_executable', 'clangd')
-call ale#Set('c_clangd_options', '')
-
-function! ale_linters#c#clangd#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
-    let l:project_root = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'compile_commands.json')
-    return !empty(l:project_root) ? fnamemodify(l:project_root, ':h') : ''
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#c#clangd#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return '%e' . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clangd_options'))
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('c', {
-\   'name': 'clangd',
-\   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('c_clangd_executable'),
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#c#clangd#GetCommand',
-\   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#c#clangd#GetProjectRoot',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/c/clangtidy.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/c/clangtidy.vim
@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@ call ale#Set('c_clangtidy_checks', ['*'])
 call ale#Set('c_clangtidy_options', '')
 call ale#Set('c_build_dir', '')

+function! ale_linters#c#clangtidy#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clangtidy_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! s:GetBuildDirectory(buffer) abort
    " Don't include build directory for header files, as compile_commands.json
    " files don't consider headers to be translation units, and provide no
@@ -31,7 +35,7 @@ function! s:GetBuildDirectory(buffer) abort
        return l:build_dir
    endif

-    return ale#path#Dirname(ale#c#FindCompileCommands(a:buffer))
+    return ale#c#FindCompileCommands(a:buffer)
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#c#clangtidy#GetCommand(buffer) abort
@@ -43,7 +47,7 @@ function! ale_linters#c#clangtidy#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    \   ? ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clangtidy_options')
    \   : ''

-    return '%e'
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#c#clangtidy#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
    \   . (!empty(l:checks) ? ' -checks=' . ale#Escape(l:checks) : '')
    \   . ' %s'
    \   . (!empty(l:build_dir) ? ' -p ' . ale#Escape(l:build_dir) : '')
@@ -53,7 +57,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('c', {
 \   'name': 'clangtidy',
 \   'output_stream': 'stdout',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('c_clangtidy_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#c#clangtidy#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#c#clangtidy#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
--- a/ale_linters/c/cppcheck.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/c/cppcheck.vim
@@ -4,6 +4,10 @@
 call ale#Set('c_cppcheck_executable', 'cppcheck')
 call ale#Set('c_cppcheck_options', '--enable=style')

+function! ale_linters#c#cppcheck#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_cppcheck_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#c#cppcheck#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    " Search upwards from the file for compile_commands.json.
    "
@@ -19,7 +23,8 @@ function! ale_linters#c#cppcheck#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    \   : ''

    return l:cd_command
-    \   . '%e -q --language=c '
+    \   . ale#Escape(ale_linters#c#cppcheck#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' -q --language=c '
    \   . l:compile_commands_option
    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_cppcheck_options')
    \   . ' %t'
@@ -28,7 +33,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('c', {
 \   'name': 'cppcheck',
 \   'output_stream': 'both',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('c_cppcheck_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#c#cppcheck#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#c#cppcheck#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#cppcheck#HandleCppCheckFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/c/cquery.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/c/cquery.vim
@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Ben Falconer <ben@falconers.me.uk>, jtalowell <jtalowell@protonmail.com>
-" Description: A language server for C
-
-call ale#Set('c_cquery_executable', 'cquery')
-call ale#Set('c_cquery_cache_directory', expand('~/.cache/cquery'))
-
-function! ale_linters#c#cquery#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
-    let l:project_root = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'compile_commands.json')
-    return !empty(l:project_root) ? fnamemodify(l:project_root, ':h') : ''
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#c#cquery#GetInitializationOptions(buffer) abort
-    return {'cacheDirectory': ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_cquery_cache_directory')}
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('c', {
-\   'name': 'cquery',
-\   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('c_cquery_executable'),
-\   'command': '%e',
-\   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#c#cquery#GetProjectRoot',
-\   'initialization_options_callback': 'ale_linters#c#cquery#GetInitializationOptions',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/c/flawfinder.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/c/flawfinder.vim
@@ -6,12 +6,18 @@ call ale#Set('c_flawfinder_options', '')
 call ale#Set('c_flawfinder_minlevel', 1)
 call ale#Set('c_flawfinder_error_severity', 6)

+function! ale_linters#c#flawfinder#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+   return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_flawfinder_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#c#flawfinder#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+
   " Set the minimum vulnerability level for flawfinder to bother with
   let l:minlevel = ' --minlevel=' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_flawfinder_minlevel')

-   return '%e -CDQS'
-   \  . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_flawfinder_options'))
+   return ale#Escape(ale_linters#c#flawfinder#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+   \  . ' -CDQS'
+   \  . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_flawfinder_options')
   \  . l:minlevel
   \  . ' %t'
 endfunction
@@ -19,7 +25,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('c', {
 \  'name': 'flawfinder',
 \  'output_stream': 'stdout',
-\  'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('c_flawfinder_executable'),
+\  'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#c#flawfinder#GetExecutable',
 \  'command_callback': 'ale_linters#c#flawfinder#GetCommand',
 \  'callback': 'ale#handlers#flawfinder#HandleFlawfinderFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/c/gcc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/c/gcc.vim
@@ -4,24 +4,29 @@
 call ale#Set('c_gcc_executable', 'gcc')
 call ale#Set('c_gcc_options', '-std=c11 -Wall')

+function! ale_linters#c#gcc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_gcc_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#c#gcc#GetCommand(buffer, output) abort
    let l:cflags = ale#c#GetCFlags(a:buffer, a:output)

    " -iquote with the directory the file is in makes #include work for
    "  headers in the same directory.
-    return '%e -S -x c -fsyntax-only'
-    \   . ' -iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h'))
-    \   . ale#Pad(l:cflags)
-    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_gcc_options')) . ' -'
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#c#gcc#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' -S -x c -fsyntax-only '
+    \   . '-iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h')) . ' '
+    \   . l:cflags
+    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_gcc_options') . ' -'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('c', {
 \   'name': 'gcc',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('c_gcc_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#c#gcc#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_chain': [
 \       {'callback': 'ale#c#GetMakeCommand', 'output_stream': 'stdout'},
 \       {'callback': 'ale_linters#c#gcc#GetCommand'}
 \   ],
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormatWithIncludes',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/chef/foodcritic.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/chef/foodcritic.vim
@@ -6,10 +6,17 @@
 call ale#Set('chef_foodcritic_executable', 'foodcritic')
 call ale#Set('chef_foodcritic_options', '')

+function! ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'chef_foodcritic_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'chef_foodcritic_options')

-    return '%e' . ale#Pad(escape(l:options, '~')) . ' %s'
+    return ale#Escape(l:executable)
+    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . escape(l:options, '~') : '')
+    \   . ' %s'
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
@@ -34,7 +41,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('chef', {
 \   'name': 'foodcritic',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('chef_foodcritic_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#Handle',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
--- a/ale_linters/clojure/joker.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/clojure/joker.vim
@@ -27,6 +27,6 @@ call ale#linter#Define('clojure', {
 \   'name': 'joker',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'executable': 'joker',
-\   'command': 'joker --working-dir %s --lint %t',
+\   'command': 'joker --lint %t',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#clojure#joker#HandleJokerFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/clang.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/clang.vim
@@ -4,24 +4,29 @@
 call ale#Set('cpp_clang_executable', 'clang++')
 call ale#Set('cpp_clang_options', '-std=c++14 -Wall')

+function! ale_linters#cpp#clang#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clang_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#cpp#clang#GetCommand(buffer, output) abort
    let l:cflags = ale#c#GetCFlags(a:buffer, a:output)

    " -iquote with the directory the file is in makes #include work for
    "  headers in the same directory.
-    return '%e -S -x c++ -fsyntax-only'
-    \   . ' -iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h'))
-    \   . ale#Pad(l:cflags)
-    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clang_options')) . ' -'
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#cpp#clang#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' -S -x c++ -fsyntax-only '
+    \   . '-iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h')) . ' '
+    \   . l:cflags
+    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clang_options') . ' -'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \   'name': 'clang',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('cpp_clang_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#clang#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_chain': [
 \       {'callback': 'ale#c#GetMakeCommand', 'output_stream': 'stdout'},
 \       {'callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#clang#GetCommand'},
 \   ],
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormatWithIncludes',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/clangcheck.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/clangcheck.vim
@@ -5,6 +5,10 @@ call ale#Set('cpp_clangcheck_executable', 'clang-check')
 call ale#Set('cpp_clangcheck_options', '')
 call ale#Set('c_build_dir', '')

+function! ale_linters#cpp#clangcheck#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangcheck_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#cpp#clangcheck#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:user_options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangcheck_options')

@@ -12,22 +16,23 @@ function! ale_linters#cpp#clangcheck#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:build_dir = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_build_dir')

    if empty(l:build_dir)
-        let l:build_dir = ale#path#Dirname(ale#c#FindCompileCommands(a:buffer))
+        let l:build_dir = ale#c#FindCompileCommands(a:buffer)
    endif

    " The extra arguments in the command are used to prevent .plist files from
    " being generated. These are only added if no build directory can be
    " detected.
-    return '%e -analyze %s'
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#cpp#clangcheck#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' -analyze %s'
    \   . (empty(l:build_dir) ? ' -extra-arg -Xclang -extra-arg -analyzer-output=text' : '')
-    \   . ale#Pad(l:user_options)
+    \   . (!empty(l:user_options) ? ' ' . l:user_options : '')
    \   . (!empty(l:build_dir) ? ' -p ' . ale#Escape(l:build_dir) : '')
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \   'name': 'clangcheck',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('cpp_clangcheck_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#clangcheck#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#clangcheck#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/clangtidy.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/clangtidy.vim
@@ -10,6 +10,10 @@ call ale#Set('cpp_clangtidy_checks', ['*'])
 call ale#Set('cpp_clangtidy_options', '')
 call ale#Set('c_build_dir', '')

+function! ale_linters#cpp#clangtidy#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangtidy_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! s:GetBuildDirectory(buffer) abort
    " Don't include build directory for header files, as compile_commands.json
    " files don't consider headers to be translation units, and provide no
@@ -25,7 +29,7 @@ function! s:GetBuildDirectory(buffer) abort
        return l:build_dir
    endif

-    return ale#path#Dirname(ale#c#FindCompileCommands(a:buffer))
+    return ale#c#FindCompileCommands(a:buffer)
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#cpp#clangtidy#GetCommand(buffer) abort
@@ -37,7 +41,7 @@ function! ale_linters#cpp#clangtidy#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    \   ? ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangtidy_options')
    \   : ''

-    return '%e'
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#cpp#clangtidy#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
    \   . (!empty(l:checks) ? ' -checks=' . ale#Escape(l:checks) : '')
    \   . ' %s'
    \   . (!empty(l:build_dir) ? ' -p ' . ale#Escape(l:build_dir) : '')
@@ -47,7 +51,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \   'name': 'clangtidy',
 \   'output_stream': 'stdout',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('cpp_clangtidy_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#clangtidy#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#clangtidy#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/cppcheck.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/cppcheck.vim
@@ -4,6 +4,10 @@
 call ale#Set('cpp_cppcheck_executable', 'cppcheck')
 call ale#Set('cpp_cppcheck_options', '--enable=style')

+function! ale_linters#cpp#cppcheck#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cppcheck_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#cpp#cppcheck#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    " Search upwards from the file for compile_commands.json.
    "
@@ -19,7 +23,8 @@ function! ale_linters#cpp#cppcheck#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    \   : ''

    return l:cd_command
-    \   . '%e -q --language=c++ '
+    \   . ale#Escape(ale_linters#cpp#cppcheck#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' -q --language=c++ '
    \   . l:compile_commands_option
    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cppcheck_options')
    \   . ' %t'
@@ -28,7 +33,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \   'name': 'cppcheck',
 \   'output_stream': 'both',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('cpp_cppcheck_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#cppcheck#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#cppcheck#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#cppcheck#HandleCppCheckFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/cpplint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/cpplint.vim
@@ -4,16 +4,22 @@
 call ale#Set('cpp_cpplint_executable', 'cpplint')
 call ale#Set('cpp_cpplint_options', '')

+function! ale_linters#cpp#cpplint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cpplint_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#cpp#cpplint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cpplint_options')

-    return '%e' . ale#Pad(l:options) . ' %s'
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#cpp#cpplint#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
+    \   . ' %s'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \   'name': 'cpplint',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('cpp_cpplint_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#cpplint#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#cpplint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#cpplint#HandleCppLintFormat',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/cquery.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/cquery.vim
@@ -10,6 +10,15 @@ function! ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
    return !empty(l:project_root) ? fnamemodify(l:project_root, ':h') : ''
 endfunction

+function! ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cquery_executable')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+    return ale#Escape(l:executable)
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetInitializationOptions(buffer) abort
    return {'cacheDirectory': ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cquery_cache_directory')}
 endfunction
@@ -17,8 +26,9 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \   'name': 'cquery',
 \   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('cpp_cquery_executable'),
-\   'command': '%e',
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetCommand',
 \   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetProjectRoot',
 \   'initialization_options_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetInitializationOptions',
+\   'language': 'cpp',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/flawfinder.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/flawfinder.vim
@@ -6,11 +6,17 @@ call ale#Set('cpp_flawfinder_options', '')
 call ale#Set('cpp_flawfinder_minlevel', 1)
 call ale#Set('c_flawfinder_error_severity', 6)

+function! ale_linters#cpp#flawfinder#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+   return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_flawfinder_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#cpp#flawfinder#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+
   " Set the minimum vulnerability level for flawfinder to bother with
   let l:minlevel = ' --minlevel=' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_flawfinder_minlevel')

-   return '%e -CDQS'
+   return ale#Escape(ale_linters#cpp#flawfinder#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+   \  . ' -CDQS'
   \  . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_flawfinder_options')
   \  . l:minlevel
   \  . ' %t'
@@ -19,7 +25,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \  'name': 'flawfinder',
 \  'output_stream': 'stdout',
-\  'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('cpp_flawfinder_executable'),
+\  'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#flawfinder#GetExecutable',
 \  'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#flawfinder#GetCommand',
 \  'callback': 'ale#handlers#flawfinder#HandleFlawfinderFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/gcc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/gcc.vim
@@ -4,25 +4,30 @@
 call ale#Set('cpp_gcc_executable', 'gcc')
 call ale#Set('cpp_gcc_options', '-std=c++14 -Wall')

+function! ale_linters#cpp#gcc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_gcc_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#cpp#gcc#GetCommand(buffer, output) abort
    let l:cflags = ale#c#GetCFlags(a:buffer, a:output)

    " -iquote with the directory the file is in makes #include work for
    "  headers in the same directory.
-    return '%e -S -x c++ -fsyntax-only'
-    \   . ' -iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h'))
-    \   . ale#Pad(l:cflags)
-    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_gcc_options')) . ' -'
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#cpp#gcc#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' -S -x c++ -fsyntax-only '
+    \   . '-iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h')) . ' '
+    \   . l:cflags
+    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_gcc_options') . ' -'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \   'name': 'gcc',
 \   'aliases': ['g++'],
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('cpp_gcc_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#gcc#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_chain': [
 \       {'callback': 'ale#c#GetMakeCommand', 'output_stream': 'stdout'},
 \       {'callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#gcc#GetCommand'},
 \   ],
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormatWithIncludes',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cs/mcs.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cs/mcs.vim
@@ -1,11 +1,7 @@
 let g:ale_cs_mcs_options = get(g:, 'ale_cs_mcs_options', '')

 function! ale_linters#cs#mcs#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_mcs_options')
-
-    return 'mcs -unsafe --parse'
-    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
-    \   . ' %t'
+    return 'mcs -unsafe --parse ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_mcs_options') . ' %t'
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#cs#mcs#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
--- a/ale_linters/cs/mcsc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cs/mcsc.vim
@@ -29,16 +29,16 @@ function! ale_linters#cs#mcsc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    \   : ''

    " register temporary module target file with ale
-    " register temporary module target file with ALE.
-    let l:out = ale#engine#CreateFile(a:buffer)
+    let l:out = ale#util#Tempname()
+    call ale#engine#ManageFile(a:buffer, l:out)

    " The code is compiled as a module and the output is redirected to a
    " temporary file.
    return ale#path#CdString(s:GetWorkingDirectory(a:buffer))
    \    . 'mcs -unsafe'
-    \    . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_mcsc_options'))
-    \    . ale#Pad(l:lib_option)
-    \    . ale#Pad(l:r_option)
+    \    . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_mcsc_options')
+    \    . ' ' . l:lib_option
+    \    . ' ' . l:r_option
    \    . ' -out:' . l:out
    \    . ' -t:module'
    \    . ' -recurse:' . ale#Escape('*.cs')
--- a/ale_linters/css/stylelint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/css/stylelint.vim
@@ -4,16 +4,21 @@ call ale#Set('css_stylelint_executable', 'stylelint')
 call ale#Set('css_stylelint_options', '')
 call ale#Set('css_stylelint_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))

+function! ale_linters#css#stylelint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'css_stylelint', [
+    \   'node_modules/.bin/stylelint',
+    \])
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#css#stylelint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return '%e ' . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'css_stylelint_options'))
+    return ale_linters#css#stylelint#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'css_stylelint_options')
    \   . ' --stdin-filename %s'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('css', {
 \   'name': 'stylelint',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('css_stylelint', [
-\       'node_modules/.bin/stylelint',
-\   ]),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#css#stylelint#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#css#stylelint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#css#HandleStyleLintFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cuda/nvcc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cuda/nvcc.vim
@@ -4,15 +4,20 @@
 call ale#Set('cuda_nvcc_executable', 'nvcc')
 call ale#Set('cuda_nvcc_options', '-std=c++11')

+function! ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cuda_nvcc_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    " Unused: use ale#util#nul_file
    " let l:output_file = ale#util#Tempname() . '.ii'
    " call ale#engine#ManageFile(a:buffer, l:output_file)

-    return '%e -cuda'
-    \   . ale#Pad(ale#c#IncludeOptions(ale#c#FindLocalHeaderPaths(a:buffer)))
-    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cuda_nvcc_options'))
-    \   . ' %s -o ' . g:ale#util#nul_file
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' -cuda '
+    \   . ale#c#IncludeOptions(ale#c#FindLocalHeaderPaths(a:buffer))
+    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cuda_nvcc_options') . ' %s'
+    \   . ' -o ' . g:ale#util#nul_file
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#HandleNVCCFormat(buffer, lines) abort
@@ -44,7 +49,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('cuda', {
 \   'name': 'nvcc',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('cuda_nvcc_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#HandleNVCCFormat',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
--- a/ale_linters/dart/dartanalyzer.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/dart/dartanalyzer.vim
@@ -3,10 +3,15 @@

 call ale#Set('dart_dartanalyzer_executable', 'dartanalyzer')

+function! ale_linters#dart#dartanalyzer#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'dart_dartanalyzer_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#dart#dartanalyzer#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = ale_linters#dart#dartanalyzer#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
    let l:path = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, '.packages')

-    return '%e'
+    return ale#Escape(l:executable)
    \   . (!empty(l:path) ? ' --packages ' . ale#Escape(l:path) : '')
    \   . ' %s'
 endfunction
@@ -29,7 +34,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('dart', {
 \   'name': 'dartanalyzer',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('dart_dartanalyzer_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#dart#dartanalyzer#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#dart#dartanalyzer#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#dart#dartanalyzer#Handle',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
--- a/ale_linters/dart/language_server.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/dart/language_server.vim
@@ -3,6 +3,10 @@

 call ale#Set('dart_language_server_executable', 'dart_language_server')

+function! ale_linters#dart#language_server#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'dart_language_server_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#dart#language_server#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
    " Note: pub only looks for pubspec.yaml, there's no point in adding
    " support for pubspec.yml
@@ -14,7 +18,8 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('dart', {
 \   'name': 'language_server',
 \   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('dart_language_server_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#dart#language_server#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#dart#language_server#GetExecutable',
+\   'language': 'dart',
 \   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#dart#language_server#GetProjectRoot',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/elixir/dialyxir.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/elixir/dialyxir.vim
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('elixir', {
 \   'name': 'dialyxir',
 \   'executable': 'mix',
-\   'command': 'mix help dialyzer && mix dialyzer',
+\   'command': 'mix dialyzer',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#elixir#dialyxir#Handle',
 \})

--- a/ale_linters/elm/make.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/elm/make.vim
@@ -4,6 +4,12 @@
 call ale#Set('elm_make_executable', 'elm')
 call ale#Set('elm_make_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))

+function! ale_linters#elm#make#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'elm_make', [
+    \   'node_modules/.bin/elm',
+    \])
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#elm#make#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    let l:output = []
    let l:unparsed_lines = []
@@ -130,7 +136,7 @@ function! ale_linters#elm#make#ParseMessage(message) abort
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#elm#make#ParseMessageItem(item) abort
-    if type(a:item) is v:t_string
+    if type(a:item) == type('')
        return a:item
    else
        return a:item.string
@@ -141,6 +147,7 @@ endfunction
 " If it doesn't, then this will fail when imports are needed.
 function! ale_linters#elm#make#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:elm_json = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'elm.json')
+    let l:elm_exe = ale_linters#elm#make#GetExecutable(a:buffer)

    if empty(l:elm_json)
        " Fallback to Elm 0.18
@@ -158,15 +165,18 @@ function! ale_linters#elm#make#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    " a sort of flag to tell the compiler not to generate an output file,
    " which is why this is hard coded here.
    " Source: https://github.com/elm-lang/elm-compiler/blob/19d5a769b30ec0b2fc4475985abb4cd94cd1d6c3/builder/src/Generate/Output.hs#L253
-    return l:dir_set_cmd . '%e make --report=json --output=/dev/null %t'
+    let l:elm_cmd = ale#Escape(l:elm_exe)
+    \   . ' make'
+    \   . ' --report=json'
+    \   . ' --output=/dev/null'
+
+    return l:dir_set_cmd . ' ' . l:elm_cmd . ' %t'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('elm', {
-\   'name': 'make',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('elm_make', [
-\       'node_modules/.bin/elm',
-\   ]),
-\   'output_stream': 'both',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#elm#make#GetCommand',
-\   'callback': 'ale_linters#elm#make#Handle'
+\    'name': 'make',
+\    'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#elm#make#GetExecutable',
+\    'output_stream': 'both',
+\    'command_callback': 'ale_linters#elm#make#GetCommand',
+\    'callback': 'ale_linters#elm#make#Handle'
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/erlang/syntaxerl.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/erlang/syntaxerl.vim
@@ -3,12 +3,24 @@

 call ale#Set('erlang_syntaxerl_executable', 'syntaxerl')

+
+function! ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'erlang_syntaxerl_executable')
+endfunction
+
+
+function! ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#FeatureCheck(buffer) abort
+    return s:GetEscapedExecutable(a:buffer) . ' -h'
+endfunction
+
+
 function! ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#GetCommand(buffer, output) abort
    let l:use_b_option = match(a:output, '\C\V-b, --base\>') > -1

-    return '%e' . (l:use_b_option ? ' -b %s %t' : ' %t')
+    return s:GetEscapedExecutable(a:buffer) . (l:use_b_option ? ' -b %s %t' : ' %t')
 endfunction

+
 function! ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    let l:pattern = '\v\C:(\d+):( warning:)? (.+)'
    let l:loclist = []
@@ -24,11 +36,17 @@ function! ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    return l:loclist
 endfunction

+
+function! s:GetEscapedExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+endfunction
+
+
 call ale#linter#Define('erlang', {
 \   'name': 'syntaxerl',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('erlang_syntaxerl_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_chain': [
-\       {'callback': {-> '%e -h'}},
+\       {'callback': 'ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#FeatureCheck'},
 \       {'callback': 'ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#GetCommand'},
 \   ],
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#Handle',
--- a/ale_linters/fortran/gcc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/fortran/gcc.vim
@@ -2,10 +2,18 @@
 " Description: gcc for Fortran files

 " This option can be set to 0 to use -ffixed-form
-call ale#Set('fortran_gcc_use_free_form', 1)
-call ale#Set('fortran_gcc_executable', 'gcc')
+if !exists('g:ale_fortran_gcc_use_free_form')
+    let g:ale_fortran_gcc_use_free_form = 1
+endif
+
+if !exists('g:ale_fortran_gcc_executable')
+    let g:ale_fortran_gcc_executable = 'gcc'
+endif
+
 " Set this option to change the GCC options for warnings for Fortran.
-call ale#Set('fortran_gcc_options', '-Wall')
+if !exists('g:ale_fortran_gcc_options')
+    let g:ale_fortran_gcc_options = '-Wall'
+endif

 function! ale_linters#fortran#gcc#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    " We have to match a starting line and a later ending line together,
@@ -53,20 +61,26 @@ function! ale_linters#fortran#gcc#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    return l:output
 endfunction

+function! ale_linters#fortran#gcc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'fortran_gcc_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#fortran#gcc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:layout_option = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'fortran_gcc_use_free_form')
    \   ? '-ffree-form'
    \   : '-ffixed-form'

-    return '%e -S -x f95 -fsyntax-only ' . l:layout_option
-    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'fortran_gcc_options'))
-    \   . ' -'
+    return ale_linters#fortran#gcc#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+    \   . ' -S -x f95 -fsyntax-only '
+    \   . l:layout_option . ' '
+    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'fortran_gcc_options') . ' '
+    \   . '-'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('fortran', {
 \   'name': 'gcc',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('fortran_gcc_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#fortran#gcc#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#fortran#gcc#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#fortran#gcc#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/fortran/language_server.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/fortran/language_server.vim
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-" Author: unpairedbracket ben.spiers22@gmail.com
-" Description: A language server for fortran
-
-call ale#Set('fortran_language_server_executable', 'fortls')
-call ale#Set('fortran_language_server_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))
-
-function! ale_linters#fortran#language_server#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
-    let l:fortls_file = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, '.fortls')
-
-    return !empty(l:fortls_file) ? fnamemodify(l:fortls_file, ':h') : ''
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('fortran', {
-\   'name': 'language_server',
-\   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('fortran_language_server_executable'),
-\   'command': '%e',
-\   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#fortran#language_server#GetProjectRoot',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/fuse/fusionlint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/fuse/fusionlint.vim
@@ -1,11 +1,19 @@
 " Author: RyanSquared <vandor2012@gmail.com>
 " Description: `fusion-lint` linter for FusionScript files

-call ale#Set('fuse_fusionlint_executable', 'fusion-lint')
-call ale#Set('fuse_fusionlint_options', '')
+let g:ale_fuse_fusionlint_executable =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_fuse_fusionlint_executable', 'fusion-lint')
+
+let g:ale_fuse_fusionlint_options =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_fuse_fusionlint_options', '')
+
+function! ale_linters#fuse#fusionlint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'fuse_fusionlint_executable')
+endfunction

 function! ale_linters#fuse#fusionlint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return '%e' . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'fuse_fusionlint_options'))
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#fuse#fusionlint#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'fuse_fusionlint_options')
    \   . ' --filename %s -i'
 endfunction

@@ -27,7 +35,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('fuse', {
 \   'name': 'fusionlint',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('fuse_fusionlint_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#fuse#fusionlint#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#fuse#fusionlint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#fuse#fusionlint#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/gitcommit/gitlint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/gitcommit/gitlint.vim
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 " Author: Nick Yamane <nick.diego@gmail.com>
 " Description: gitlint for git commit message files

-call ale#Set('gitcommit_gitlint_executable', 'gitlint')
-call ale#Set('gitcommit_gitlint_options', '')
-call ale#Set('gitcommit_gitlint_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))
+let g:ale_gitcommit_gitlint_executable =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_gitcommit_gitlint_executable', 'gitlint')
+let g:ale_gitcommit_gitlint_options = get(g:, 'ale_gitcommit_gitlint_options', '')
+let g:ale_gitcommit_gitlint_use_global = get(g:, 'ale_gitcommit_gitlint_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))
+

 function! ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
    return ale#python#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'gitcommit_gitlint', ['gitlint'])
@@ -11,10 +13,13 @@ endfunction

 function! ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'gitcommit_gitlint_options')
-
-    return '%e' . ale#Pad(l:options) . ' lint'
+    let l:executable = ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+    return ale#Escape(l:executable)
+    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
+    \   . ' lint'
 endfunction

+
 function! ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    " Matches patterns line the following:
    let l:pattern = '\v^(\d+): (\w+) (.*)$'
@@ -40,6 +45,7 @@ function! ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    return l:output
 endfunction

+
 call ale#linter#Define('gitcommit', {
 \   'name': 'gitlint',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
@@ -47,3 +53,4 @@ call ale#linter#Define('gitcommit', {
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#Handle',
 \})
+
--- a/ale_linters/glsl/glslang.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/glsl/glslang.vim
@@ -4,13 +4,19 @@
 " TODO: Once https://github.com/KhronosGroup/glslang/pull/1047 is accepted,
 " we can use stdin.

-call ale#Set('glsl_glslang_executable', 'glslangValidator')
-call ale#Set('glsl_glslang_options', '')
+let g:ale_glsl_glslang_executable =
+\ get(g:, 'ale_glsl_glslang_executable', 'glslangValidator')
+
+let g:ale_glsl_glslang_options = get(g:, 'ale_glsl_glslang_options', '')
+
+function! ale_linters#glsl#glslang#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'glsl_glslang_executable')
+endfunction

 function! ale_linters#glsl#glslang#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return '%e'
-    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'glsl_glslang_options'))
-    \   . ' -C %t'
+    return ale_linters#glsl#glslang#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'glsl_glslang_options')
+    \   . ' ' . '-C %t'
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#glsl#glslang#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
@@ -34,7 +40,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('glsl', {
 \   'name': 'glslang',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('glsl_glslang_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#glsl#glslang#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#glsl#glslang#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#glsl#glslang#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/glsl/glslls.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/glsl/glslls.vim
@@ -4,15 +4,18 @@
 call ale#Set('glsl_glslls_executable', 'glslls')
 call ale#Set('glsl_glslls_logfile', '')

+function! ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'glsl_glslls_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
    let l:logfile = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'glsl_glslls_logfile')
    let l:logfile_args = ''
-
    if l:logfile isnot# ''
        let l:logfile_args = ' --verbose -l ' . l:logfile
    endif
-
-    return '%e' . l:logfile_args . ' --stdin'
+    return ale#Escape(l:executable) . l:logfile_args . ' --stdin'
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
@@ -24,7 +27,8 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('glsl', {
 \   'name': 'glslls',
 \   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('glsl_glslls_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetCommand',
+\   'language': 'glsl',
 \   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetProjectRoot',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/go/gobuild.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/go/gobuild.vim
@@ -70,8 +70,7 @@ function! ale_linters#go#gobuild#Handler(buffer, lines) abort
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('go', {
-\   'name': 'gobuild',
-\   'aliases': ['go build'],
+\   'name': 'go build',
 \   'executable': 'go',
 \   'command_chain': [
 \     {'callback': 'ale_linters#go#gobuild#GoEnv', 'output_stream': 'stdout'},
--- a/ale_linters/go/gometalinter.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/go/gometalinter.vim
@@ -5,7 +5,12 @@ call ale#Set('go_gometalinter_options', '')
 call ale#Set('go_gometalinter_executable', 'gometalinter')
 call ale#Set('go_gometalinter_lint_package', 0)

+function! ale_linters#go#gometalinter#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'go_gometalinter_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#go#gometalinter#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = ale_linters#go#gometalinter#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
    let l:filename = expand('#' . a:buffer . ':t')
    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'go_gometalinter_options')
    let l:lint_package = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'go_gometalinter_lint_package')
@@ -14,12 +19,12 @@ function! ale_linters#go#gometalinter#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    " be calculated to absolute paths in the Handler
    if l:lint_package
        return ale#path#BufferCdString(a:buffer)
-        \   . '%e'
+        \   . ale#Escape(l:executable)
        \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '') . ' .'
    endif

    return ale#path#BufferCdString(a:buffer)
-    \   . '%e'
+    \   . ale#Escape(l:executable)
    \   . ' --include=' . ale#Escape(ale#util#EscapePCRE(l:filename))
    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '') . ' .'
 endfunction
@@ -50,7 +55,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('go', {
 \   'name': 'gometalinter',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('go_gometalinter_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#go#gometalinter#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#go#gometalinter#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#go#gometalinter#Handler',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
--- a/ale_linters/go/gotype.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/go/gotype.vim
@@ -3,9 +3,10 @@

 function! ale_linters#go#gotype#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    if expand('#' . a:buffer . ':p') =~# '_test\.go$'
-        return ''
+        return
    endif

+
    return ale#path#BufferCdString(a:buffer) . ' gotype .'
 endfunction

--- a/ale_linters/go/govet.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/go/govet.vim
@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@ function! ale_linters#go#govet#GetCommand(buffer) abort
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('go', {
-\   'name': 'govet',
-\   'aliases': ['go vet'],
+\   'name': 'go vet',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'executable': 'go',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#go#govet#GetCommand',
--- a/ale_linters/hack/hack.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/hack/hack.vim
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Fred Emmott <fe@fb.com>
-" Description: Hack support via `hack lsp`
-
-call ale#Set('hack_hack_executable', 'hh_client')
-
-function! ale_linters#hack#hack#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
-    let l:hhconfig = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, '.hhconfig')
-
-    return !empty(l:hhconfig) ? fnamemodify(l:hhconfig, ':h') : ''
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#hack#hack#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'hack_hack_executable')
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('hack', {
-\   'name': 'hack',
-\   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#hack#hack#GetExecutable',
-\   'command': '%e lsp --from vim-ale',
-\   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#hack#hack#GetProjectRoot',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/hack/hhast.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/hack/hhast.vim
@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Fred Emmott <fe@fb.com>
-" Description: Hack support via `hhast lsp`
-
-call ale#Set('hack_hhast_executable', 'vendor/bin/hhast-lint')
-
-function! ale_linters#hack#hhast#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
-    " Find the hack root, then figure out if it's also an HHAST root.
-    " Don't try to use lint configurations from vendor/foo/bar/hhast-lint.json
-    let l:hhconfig = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, '.hhconfig')
-
-    if empty(l:hhconfig)
-      return ''
-    endif
-
-    let l:root = fnamemodify(l:hhconfig, ':h')
-    let l:hhast_config = findfile('hhast-lint.json', l:root)
-
-    return !empty(l:hhast_config) ? l:root : ''
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#hack#hhast#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    let l:root = ale_linters#hack#hhast#GetProjectRoot(a:buffer)
-    let l:relative = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'hack_hhast_executable')
-    let l:absolute = findfile(l:relative, l:root)
-
-    return !empty(l:absolute) ? l:absolute : ''
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#hack#hhast#GetInitializationOptions(buffer) abort
-    return {'lintMode': 'open-files'}
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('hack', {
-\   'name': 'hhast',
-\   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#hack#hhast#GetExecutable',
-\   'command': '%e --mode lsp --from vim-ale',
-\   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#hack#hhast#GetProjectRoot',
-\   'initialization_options_callback': 'ale_linters#hack#hhast#GetInitializationOptions',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/handlebars/embertemplatelint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/handlebars/embertemplatelint.vim
@@ -4,6 +4,17 @@
 call ale#Set('handlebars_embertemplatelint_executable', 'ember-template-lint')
 call ale#Set('handlebars_embertemplatelint_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))

+function! ale_linters#handlebars#embertemplatelint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'handlebars_embertemplatelint', [
+    \   'node_modules/.bin/ember-template-lint',
+    \])
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#handlebars#embertemplatelint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    return ale_linters#handlebars#embertemplatelint#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+    \   . ' --json %t'
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#handlebars#embertemplatelint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    let l:output = []
    let l:json = ale#util#FuzzyJSONDecode(a:lines, {})
@@ -31,9 +42,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('handlebars', {
 \   'name': 'ember-template-lint',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('handlebars_embertemplatelint', [
-\       'node_modules/.bin/ember-template-lint',
-\   ]),
-\   'command': '%e --json %t',
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#handlebars#embertemplatelint#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#handlebars#embertemplatelint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#handlebars#embertemplatelint#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/haskell/cabal_ghc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/haskell/cabal_ghc.vim
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Eric Wolf <ericwolf42@gmail.com>
-" Description: ghc for Haskell files called with cabal exec
-
-call ale#Set('haskell_cabal_ghc_options', '-fno-code -v0')
-
-function! ale_linters#haskell#cabal_ghc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return 'cabal exec -- ghc '
-    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'haskell_cabal_ghc_options')
-    \   . ' %t'
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('haskell', {
-\   'name': 'cabal_ghc',
-\   'aliases': ['cabal-ghc'],
-\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable': 'cabal',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#haskell#cabal_ghc#GetCommand',
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#haskell#HandleGHCFormat',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/haskell/ghc-mod.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/haskell/ghc-mod.vim
@@ -2,16 +2,14 @@
 " Description: ghc-mod for Haskell files

 call ale#linter#Define('haskell', {
-\   'name': 'ghc_mod',
-\   'aliases': ['ghc-mod'],
+\   'name': 'ghc-mod',
 \   'executable': 'ghc-mod',
 \   'command': 'ghc-mod --map-file %s=%t check %s',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#haskell#HandleGHCFormat',
 \})

 call ale#linter#Define('haskell', {
-\   'name': 'stack_ghc_mod',
-\   'aliases': ['stack-ghc-mod'],
+\   'name': 'stack-ghc-mod',
 \   'executable': 'stack',
 \   'command': 'stack exec ghc-mod -- --map-file %s=%t check %s',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#haskell#HandleGHCFormat',
--- a/ale_linters/haskell/hdevtools.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/haskell/hdevtools.vim
@@ -4,14 +4,19 @@
 call ale#Set('haskell_hdevtools_executable', 'hdevtools')
 call ale#Set('haskell_hdevtools_options', get(g:, 'hdevtools_options', '-g -Wall'))

+function! ale_linters#haskell#hdevtools#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'haskell_hdevtools_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#haskell#hdevtools#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return '%e check' . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'haskell_hdevtools_options'))
-    \ . ' -p %s %t'
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#haskell#hdevtools#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+        \ . ' check ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'haskell_hdevtools_options')
+        \ . ' -p %s %t'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('haskell', {
 \   'name': 'hdevtools',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('haskell_hdevtools_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#haskell#hdevtools#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#haskell#hdevtools#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#haskell#HandleGHCFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/haskell/hie.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/haskell/hie.vim
@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Luxed <devildead13@gmail.com>
-" Description: A language server for Haskell
-
-call ale#Set('haskell_hie_executable', 'hie')
-
-function! ale_linters#haskell#hie#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'haskell_hie_executable')
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#haskell#hie#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
-    " Search for the stack file first
-    let l:project_file = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'stack.yaml')
-
-    " If it's empty, search for the cabal file
-    if empty(l:project_file)
-        let l:cabal_file = fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h')
-        let l:paths = ''
-
-        while empty(matchstr(l:cabal_file, '^\(\/\|\(\w:\\\)\)$'))
-            let l:cabal_file = fnamemodify(l:cabal_file, ':h')
-            let l:paths = l:paths . l:cabal_file . ','
-        endwhile
-
-        let l:project_file = globpath(l:paths, '*.cabal')
-    endif
-
-    " Either extract the project directory or take the current working
-    " directory
-    if !empty(l:project_file)
-        let l:project_file = fnamemodify(l:project_file, ':h')
-    else
-        let l:project_file = expand('#' . a:buffer . ':p:h')
-    endif
-
-    return l:project_file
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('haskell', {
-\   'name': 'hie',
-\   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'command': '%e --lsp',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#haskell#hie#GetExecutable',
-\   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#haskell#hie#GetProjectRoot',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/haskell/stack_build.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/haskell/stack_build.vim
@@ -13,8 +13,7 @@ function! ale_linters#haskell#stack_build#GetCommand(buffer) abort
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('haskell', {
-\   'name': 'stack_build',
-\   'aliases': ['stack-build'],
+\   'name': 'stack-build',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'executable': 'stack',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#haskell#stack_build#GetCommand',
--- a/ale_linters/haskell/stack_ghc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/haskell/stack_ghc.vim
@@ -2,8 +2,7 @@
 " Description: ghc for Haskell files, using Stack

 call ale#linter#Define('haskell', {
-\   'name': 'stack_ghc',
-\   'aliases': ['stack-ghc'],
+\   'name': 'stack-ghc',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'executable': 'stack',
 \   'command': 'stack ghc -- -fno-code -v0 %t',
--- a/ale_linters/help/write-good.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/help/write-good.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
+" Description: write-good for vim Help files
+
+call ale#linter#Define('help', {
+\   'name': 'write-good',
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetCommand',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#Handle',
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/help/writegood.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/help/writegood.vim
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
-" Description: write-good for vim Help files
-
-call ale#handlers#writegood#DefineLinter('help')
--- a/ale_linters/html/htmlhint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/html/htmlhint.vim
@@ -5,6 +5,12 @@ call ale#Set('html_htmlhint_options', '')
 call ale#Set('html_htmlhint_executable', 'htmlhint')
 call ale#Set('html_htmlhint_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))

+function! ale_linters#html#htmlhint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'html_htmlhint', [
+    \   'node_modules/.bin/htmlhint',
+    \])
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#html#htmlhint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'html_htmlhint_options')
    let l:config = l:options !~# '--config'
@@ -19,14 +25,14 @@ function! ale_linters#html#htmlhint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
        let l:options = substitute(l:options, '--format=unix', '', '')
    endif

-    return '%e' . ale#Pad(l:options) . ' --format=unix %t'
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#html#htmlhint#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
+    \   . ' --format=unix %t'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('html', {
 \   'name': 'htmlhint',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('html_htmlhint', [
-\       'node_modules/.bin/htmlhint',
-\   ]),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#html#htmlhint#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#html#htmlhint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#unix#HandleAsError',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/html/tidy.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/html/tidy.vim
@@ -37,6 +37,10 @@ function! ale_linters#html#tidy#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    \)
 endfunction

+function! ale_linters#html#tidy#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'html_tidy_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#html#tidy#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    " Matches patterns lines like the following:
    " line 7 column 5 - Warning: missing </title> before </head>
@@ -63,7 +67,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('html', {
 \   'name': 'tidy',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('html_tidy_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#html#tidy#GetExecutable',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#html#tidy#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#html#tidy#Handle',
--- a/ale_linters/html/write-good.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/html/write-good.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
+" Description: write-good for nroff files
+
+call ale#linter#Define('html', {
+\   'name': 'write-good',
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetCommand',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#Handle',
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/html/writegood.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/html/writegood.vim
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
-" Description: write-good for html files
-
-call ale#handlers#writegood#DefineLinter('html')
--- a/ale_linters/idris/idris.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/idris/idris.vim
@@ -4,10 +4,16 @@
 call ale#Set('idris_idris_executable', 'idris')
 call ale#Set('idris_idris_options', '--total --warnpartial --warnreach --warnipkg')

+function! ale_linters#idris#idris#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'idris_idris_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#idris#idris#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'idris_idris_options')

-    return '%e' . ale#Pad(l:options) . ' --check %s'
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#idris#idris#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
+    \   . ' --check %s'
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#idris#idris#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
@@ -74,7 +80,8 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('idris', {
 \   'name': 'idris',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('idris_idris_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#idris#idris#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#idris#idris#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#idris#idris#Handle',
 \})
+
--- a/ale_linters/java/javac.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/java/javac.vim
@@ -36,6 +36,10 @@ function! s:BuildClassPathOption(buffer, import_paths) abort
    \   : ''
 endfunction

+function! ale_linters#java#javac#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'java_javac_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#java#javac#GetCommand(buffer, import_paths) abort
    let l:cp_option = s:BuildClassPathOption(a:buffer, a:import_paths)
    let l:sp_option = ''
@@ -73,15 +77,17 @@ function! ale_linters#java#javac#GetCommand(buffer, import_paths) abort

    " Create .class files in a temporary directory, which we will delete later.
    let l:class_file_directory = ale#engine#CreateDirectory(a:buffer)
+    let l:executable = ale_linters#java#javac#GetExecutable(a:buffer)

    " Always run javac from the directory the file is in, so we can resolve
    " relative paths correctly.
    return ale#path#BufferCdString(a:buffer)
-    \ . '%e -Xlint'
-    \ . ale#Pad(l:cp_option)
-    \ . ale#Pad(l:sp_option)
+    \ . ale#Escape(l:executable)
+    \ . ' -Xlint'
+    \ . ' ' . l:cp_option
+    \ . ' ' . l:sp_option
    \ . ' -d ' . ale#Escape(l:class_file_directory)
-    \ . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'java_javac_options'))
+    \ . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'java_javac_options')
    \ . ' %t'
 endfunction

@@ -120,7 +126,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('java', {
 \   'name': 'javac',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('java_javac_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#java#javac#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_chain': [
 \       {'callback': 'ale_linters#java#javac#GetImportPaths', 'output_stream': 'stdout'},
 \       {'callback': 'ale_linters#java#javac#GetCommand', 'output_stream': 'stderr'},
--- a/ale_linters/javascript/flow_ls.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/javascript/flow_ls.vim
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-" Author: t_t <jamestthompson3@gmail.com>
-" Description: Integrate ALE with flow-language-server.
-
-call ale#Set('javascript_flow_ls_executable', 'flow')
-call ale#Set('javascript_flow_ls_use_global',
-\    get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0)
-\)
-
-function! ale_linters#javascript#flow_ls#FindProjectRoot(buffer) abort
-    let l:flow_config = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, '.flowconfig')
-
-    if !empty(l:flow_config)
-        return fnamemodify(l:flow_config, ':h')
-    endif
-
-    return ''
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('javascript', {
-\   'name': 'flow-language-server',
-\   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('javascript_flow_ls', [
-\       'node_modules/.bin/flow',
-\   ]),
-\   'command': '%e lsp --from ale-lsp',
-\   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#javascript#flow_ls#FindProjectRoot',
-\   'language': 'javascript',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/javascript/jscs.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/javascript/jscs.vim
@@ -4,6 +4,12 @@
 call ale#Set('javascript_jscs_executable', 'jscs')
 call ale#Set('javascript_jscs_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))

+function! ale_linters#javascript#jscs#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'javascript_jscs', [
+    \   'node_modules/.bin/jscs',
+    \])
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#javascript#jscs#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    " Search for a local JShint config locaation, and default to a global one.
    let l:jscs_config = ale#path#ResolveLocalPath(
@@ -12,7 +18,8 @@ function! ale_linters#javascript#jscs#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    \   get(g:, 'ale_jscs_config_loc', '')
    \)

-    let l:command = '%e --reporter inline --no-colors'
+    let l:command = ale#Escape(ale_linters#javascript#jscs#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    let l:command .= ' --reporter inline --no-colors'

    if !empty(l:jscs_config)
        let l:command .= ' --config ' . ale#Escape(l:jscs_config)
@@ -53,9 +60,8 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('javascript', {
 \   'name': 'jscs',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('javascript_jscs', [
-\       'node_modules/.bin/jscs',
-\   ]),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#javascript#jscs#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#javascript#jscs#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#javascript#jscs#Handle',
 \})
+
--- a/ale_linters/javascript/jshint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/javascript/jshint.vim
@@ -4,6 +4,12 @@
 call ale#Set('javascript_jshint_executable', 'jshint')
 call ale#Set('javascript_jshint_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))

+function! ale_linters#javascript#jshint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'javascript_jshint', [
+    \   'node_modules/.bin/jshint',
+    \])
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#javascript#jshint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    " Search for a local JShint config locaation, and default to a global one.
    let l:jshint_config = ale#path#ResolveLocalPath(
@@ -12,7 +18,8 @@ function! ale_linters#javascript#jshint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    \   get(g:, 'ale_jshint_config_loc', '')
    \)

-    let l:command = '%e --reporter unix --extract auto'
+    let l:command = ale#Escape(ale_linters#javascript#jshint#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    let l:command .= ' --reporter unix --extract auto'

    if !empty(l:jshint_config)
        let l:command .= ' --config ' . ale#Escape(l:jshint_config)
@@ -25,9 +32,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('javascript', {
 \   'name': 'jshint',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('javascript_jshint', [
-\       'node_modules/.bin/jshint',
-\   ]),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#javascript#jshint#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#javascript#jshint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#unix#HandleAsError',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/javascript/tsserver.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/javascript/tsserver.vim
@@ -5,13 +5,22 @@ call ale#Set('javascript_tsserver_executable', 'tsserver')
 call ale#Set('javascript_tsserver_config_path', '')
 call ale#Set('javascript_tsserver_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))

+" These functions need to be defined just to comply with the API for LSP.
+function! ale_linters#javascript#tsserver#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
+    return ''
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#javascript#tsserver#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'javascript_tsserver', [
+    \   'node_modules/.bin/tsserver',
+    \])
+endfunction
+
 call ale#linter#Define('javascript', {
 \   'name': 'tsserver',
 \   'lsp': 'tsserver',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('javascript_tsserver', [
-\       'node_modules/.bin/tsserver',
-\   ]),
-\   'command': '%e',
-\   'project_root_callback': {-> ''},
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#javascript#tsserver#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#javascript#tsserver#GetExecutable',
+\   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#javascript#tsserver#GetProjectRoot',
 \   'language': '',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/kotlin/languageserver.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/kotlin/languageserver.vim
@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-" Author: MTDL9 <https://github.com/MTDL9>
-" Description: Support for the Kotlin language server https://github.com/fwcd/KotlinLanguageServer
-
-call ale#Set('kotlin_languageserver_executable', 'kotlin-language-server')
-
-function! ale_linters#kotlin#languageserver#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
-    let l:gradle_root = ale#gradle#FindProjectRoot(a:buffer)
-
-    if !empty(l:gradle_root)
-        return l:gradle_root
-    endif
-
-    let l:maven_pom_file = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'pom.xml')
-
-    if !empty(l:maven_pom_file)
-        return fnamemodify(l:maven_pom_file, ':h')
-    endif
-
-    return ''
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('kotlin', {
-\   'name': 'languageserver',
-\   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('kotlin_languageserver_executable'),
-\   'command_callback': '%e',
-\   'language': 'kotlin',
-\   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#kotlin#languageserver#GetProjectRoot',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/less/lessc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/less/lessc.vim
@@ -5,10 +5,21 @@ call ale#Set('less_lessc_executable', 'lessc')
 call ale#Set('less_lessc_options', '')
 call ale#Set('less_lessc_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))

+function! ale_linters#less#lessc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'less_lessc', [
+    \   'node_modules/.bin/lessc',
+    \])
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#less#lessc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return '%e --no-color --lint'
-    \   . ' --include-path=' . ale#Escape(expand('#' . a:buffer . ':p:h'))
-    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'less_lessc_options'))
+    let l:executable = ale_linters#less#lessc#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+    let l:dir = expand('#' . a:buffer . ':p:h')
+    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'less_lessc_options')
+
+    return ale#Escape(l:executable)
+    \   . ' --no-color --lint'
+    \   . ' --include-path=' . ale#Escape(l:dir)
+    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
    \   . ' -'
 endfunction

@@ -38,9 +49,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('less', {
 \   'name': 'lessc',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('less_lessc', [
-\       'node_modules/.bin/lessc',
-\   ]),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#less#lessc#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#less#lessc#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#less#lessc#Handle',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
--- a/ale_linters/less/stylelint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/less/stylelint.vim
@@ -4,17 +4,24 @@ call ale#Set('less_stylelint_executable', 'stylelint')
 call ale#Set('less_stylelint_options', '')
 call ale#Set('less_stylelint_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))

+function! ale_linters#less#stylelint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'less_stylelint', [
+    \   'node_modules/.bin/stylelint',
+    \])
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#less#stylelint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = ale_linters#less#stylelint#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'less_stylelint_options')

-    return '%e' . ale#Pad(l:options) . ' --stdin-filename %s'
+    return ale#Escape(l:executable)
+    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
+    \   . ' --stdin-filename %s'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('less', {
 \   'name': 'stylelint',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('less_stylelint', [
-\       'node_modules/.bin/stylelint',
-\   ]),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#less#stylelint#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#less#stylelint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#css#HandleStyleLintFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/llvm/llc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/llvm/llc.vim
@@ -3,11 +3,22 @@

 call ale#Set('llvm_llc_executable', 'llc')

+function! ale_linters#llvm#llc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'llvm_llc_executable')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#llvm#llc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#llvm#llc#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' -filetype=null -o='
+    \   . ale#Escape(g:ale#util#nul_file)
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#llvm#llc#HandleErrors(buffer, lines) abort
    " Handle '{path}: {file}:{line}:{col}: error: {message}' format
    let l:pattern = '\v^[a-zA-Z]?:?[^:]+: [^:]+:(\d+):(\d+): (.+)$'
+    let l:matches = ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)

-    return map(ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern), "{
+    return map(l:matches, "{
    \   'lnum': str2nr(v:val[1]),
    \   'col': str2nr(v:val[2]),
    \   'text': v:val[3],
@@ -17,8 +28,8 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('llvm', {
 \   'name': 'llc',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('llvm_llc_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#llvm#llc#GetExecutable',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'command_callback': {-> '%e -filetype=null -o=' . g:ale#util#nul_file},
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#llvm#llc#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#llvm#llc#HandleErrors',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/lua/luac.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/lua/luac.vim
@@ -3,6 +3,15 @@

 call ale#Set('lua_luac_executable', 'luac')

+function! ale_linters#lua#luac#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'lua_luac_executable')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#lua#luac#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = ale_linters#lua#luac#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+    return ale#Escape(l:executable) . ' -p - '
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#lua#luac#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    " Matches patterns line the following:
    "
@@ -24,8 +33,8 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('lua', {
 \   'name': 'luac',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('lua_luac_executable'),
-\   'command': '%e -p -',
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#lua#luac#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#lua#luac#GetCommand',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#lua#luac#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/lua/luacheck.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/lua/luacheck.vim
@@ -1,11 +1,19 @@
 " Author: Sol Bekic https://github.com/s-ol
 " Description: luacheck linter for lua files

-call ale#Set('lua_luacheck_executable', 'luacheck')
-call ale#Set('lua_luacheck_options', '')
+let g:ale_lua_luacheck_executable =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_lua_luacheck_executable', 'luacheck')
+
+let g:ale_lua_luacheck_options =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_lua_luacheck_options', '')
+
+function! ale_linters#lua#luacheck#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'lua_luacheck_executable')
+endfunction

 function! ale_linters#lua#luacheck#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return '%e' . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'lua_luacheck_options'))
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#lua#luacheck#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'lua_luacheck_options')
    \   . ' --formatter plain --codes --filename %s -'
 endfunction

@@ -38,7 +46,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('lua', {
 \   'name': 'luacheck',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('lua_luacheck_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#lua#luacheck#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#lua#luacheck#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#lua#luacheck#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/markdown/remark_lint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/markdown/remark_lint.vim
@@ -1,15 +1,5 @@
-scriptencoding utf-8
 " Author rhysd https://rhysd.github.io/, Dirk Roorda (dirkroorda), Adrián González Rus (@adrigzr)
 " Description: remark-lint for Markdown files
-call ale#Set('markdown_remark_lint_executable', 'remark')
-call ale#Set('markdown_remark_lint_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))
-call ale#Set('markdown_remark_lint_options', '')
-
-function! ale_linters#markdown#remark_lint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'markdown_remark_lint_options')
-
-    return '%e' . ale#Pad(l:options) . ' --no-stdout --no-color'
-endfunction

 function! ale_linters#markdown#remark_lint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    " matches: '  1:4  warning  Incorrect list-item indent: add 1 space  list-item-indent  remark-lint'
@@ -35,12 +25,10 @@ function! ale_linters#markdown#remark_lint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('markdown', {
-\   'name': 'remark_lint',
-\   'aliases': ['remark-lint'],
-\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('markdown_remark_lint', [
-\       'node_modules/.bin/remark',
-\   ]),
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#markdown#remark_lint#GetCommand',
+\   'name': 'remark-lint',
+\   'executable': 'remark',
+\   'command': 'remark --no-stdout --no-color %s',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#markdown#remark_lint#Handle',
+\   'lint_file': 1,
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/markdown/write-good.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/markdown/write-good.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
+" Description: write-good for Markdown files
+
+call ale#linter#Define('markdown', {
+\   'name': 'write-good',
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetCommand',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#Handle',
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/markdown/writegood.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/markdown/writegood.vim
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
-" Description: write-good for Markdown files
-
-call ale#handlers#writegood#DefineLinter('markdown')
--- a/ale_linters/matlab/mlint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/matlab/mlint.vim
@@ -1,7 +1,18 @@
 " Author: awlayton <alex@layton.in>
 " Description: mlint for MATLAB files

-call ale#Set('matlab_mlint_executable', 'mlint')
+let g:ale_matlab_mlint_executable =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_matlab_mlint_executable', 'mlint')
+
+function! ale_linters#matlab#mlint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'matlab_mlint_executable')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#matlab#mlint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = ale_linters#matlab#mlint#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+
+    return l:executable . ' -id %t'
+endfunction

 function! ale_linters#matlab#mlint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    " Matches patterns like the following:
@@ -37,8 +48,8 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('matlab', {
 \   'name': 'mlint',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('matlab_mlint_executable'),
-\   'command': '%e -id %t',
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#matlab#mlint#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#matlab#mlint#GetCommand',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#matlab#mlint#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/mercury/mmc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/mercury/mmc.vim
@@ -4,11 +4,16 @@
 call ale#Set('mercury_mmc_executable', 'mmc')
 call ale#Set('mercury_mmc_options', '--make --output-compile-error-lines 100')

+function! ale_linters#mercury#mmc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'mercury_mmc_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#mercury#mmc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:module_name = expand('#' . a:buffer . ':t:r')

    return ale#path#BufferCdString(a:buffer)
-    \ . '%e --errorcheck-only '
+    \ . ale_linters#mercury#mmc#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+    \ . ' --errorcheck-only '
    \ . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'mercury_mmc_options')
    \ . ' ' . l:module_name
 endfunction
@@ -33,7 +38,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('mercury', {
 \   'name': 'mmc',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('mercury_mmc_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#mercury#mmc#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#mercury#mmc#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#mercury#mmc#Handle',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
--- a/ale_linters/nasm/nasm.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/nasm/nasm.vim
@@ -4,13 +4,25 @@
 call ale#Set('nasm_nasm_executable', 'nasm')
 call ale#Set('nasm_nasm_options', '')

-function! ale_linters#nasm#nasm#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    " Note that NASM requires a trailing slash for the -I option.
-    let l:separator = has('win32') ? '\' : '/'
-    let l:path = fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h') . l:separator
+function! ale_linters#nasm#nasm#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'nasm_nasm_executable')
+endfunction

-    return '%e -X gnu -I ' . ale#Escape(l:path)
-    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'nasm_nasm_options'))
+function! ale_linters#nasm#nasm#GetOptions(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'nasm_nasm_options')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#nasm#nasm#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    " Note that NASM require a trailing slash to the -I option.
+    let l:executable = ale#Escape(ale_linters#nasm#nasm#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    let l:separator = has('win32') ? '\' : '/'
+    let l:path = ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h') . l:separator)
+    let l:options = ale_linters#nasm#nasm#GetOptions(a:buffer)
+
+    return l:executable
+    \   . ' -X gnu'
+    \   . ' -I ' . l:path
+    \   . ' ' . l:options
    \   . ' %s'
 endfunction

@@ -18,7 +30,6 @@ function! ale_linters#nasm#nasm#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    " Note that we treat 'fatal' as errors.
    let l:pattern = '^.\+:\(\d\+\): \([^:]\+\): \(.\+\)$'
    let l:output = []
-
    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
        call add(l:output, {
        \ 'lnum': l:match[1] + 0,
@@ -26,15 +37,14 @@ function! ale_linters#nasm#nasm#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
        \ 'text': l:match[3],
        \})
    endfor
-
    return l:output
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('nasm', {
 \   'name': 'nasm',
+\   'executable': 'nasm',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('nasm_nasm_executable'),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#nasm#nasm#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#nasm#nasm#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/nroff/write-good.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/nroff/write-good.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
+" Description: write-good for nroff files
+
+call ale#linter#Define('nroff', {
+\   'name': 'write-good',
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetCommand',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#Handle',
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/nroff/writegood.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/nroff/writegood.vim
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
-" Description: write-good for nroff files
-
-call ale#handlers#writegood#DefineLinter('nroff')
--- a/ale_linters/objc/clang.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/objc/clang.vim
@@ -19,5 +19,5 @@ call ale#linter#Define('objc', {
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'executable': 'clang',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#objc#clang#GetCommand',
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormatWithIncludes',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/objcpp/clang.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/objcpp/clang.vim
@@ -19,5 +19,5 @@ call ale#linter#Define('objcpp', {
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'executable': 'clang++',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#objcpp#clang#GetCommand',
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormatWithIncludes',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/perl/perl.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/perl/perl.vim
@@ -1,11 +1,20 @@
 " Author: Vincent Lequertier <https://github.com/SkySymbol>
 " Description: This file adds support for checking perl syntax

-call ale#Set('perl_perl_executable', 'perl')
-call ale#Set('perl_perl_options', '-c -Mwarnings -Ilib')
+let g:ale_perl_perl_executable =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_perl_perl_executable', 'perl')
+
+let g:ale_perl_perl_options =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_perl_perl_options', '-c -Mwarnings -Ilib')
+
+function! ale_linters#perl#perl#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'perl_perl_executable')
+endfunction

 function! ale_linters#perl#perl#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return '%e' . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'perl_perl_options')) . ' %t'
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#perl#perl#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'perl_perl_options')
+    \   . ' %t'
 endfunction

 let s:begin_failed_skip_pattern = '\v' . join([
@@ -52,7 +61,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('perl', {
 \   'name': 'perl',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('perl_perl_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#perl#perl#GetExecutable',
 \   'output_stream': 'both',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#perl#perl#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#perl#perl#Handle',
--- a/ale_linters/perl/perlcritic.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/perl/perlcritic.vim
@@ -1,10 +1,21 @@
 " Author: Vincent Lequertier <https://github.com/SkySymbol>, Chris Weyl <cweyl@alumni.drew.edu>
 " Description: This file adds support for checking perl with perl critic

-call ale#Set('perl_perlcritic_executable', 'perlcritic')
-call ale#Set('perl_perlcritic_profile', '.perlcriticrc')
-call ale#Set('perl_perlcritic_options', '')
-call ale#Set('perl_perlcritic_showrules', 0)
+let g:ale_perl_perlcritic_executable =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_perl_perlcritic_executable', 'perlcritic')
+
+let g:ale_perl_perlcritic_profile =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_perl_perlcritic_profile', '.perlcriticrc')
+
+let g:ale_perl_perlcritic_options =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_perl_perlcritic_options', '')
+
+let g:ale_perl_perlcritic_showrules =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_perl_perlcritic_showrules', 0)
+
+function! ale_linters#perl#perlcritic#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'perl_perlcritic_executable')
+endfunction

 function! ale_linters#perl#perlcritic#GetProfile(buffer) abort
    " first see if we've been overridden
@@ -28,11 +39,11 @@ function! ale_linters#perl#perlcritic#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:profile = ale_linters#perl#perlcritic#GetProfile(a:buffer)
    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'perl_perlcritic_options')

-    return '%e'
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#perl#perlcritic#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
    \   . ' --verbose ' . ale#Escape(l:critic_verbosity)
    \   . ' --nocolor'
    \   . (!empty(l:profile) ? ' --profile ' . ale#Escape(l:profile) : '')
-    \   . ale#Pad(l:options)
+    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
 endfunction


@@ -55,7 +66,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('perl', {
 \   'name': 'perlcritic',
 \   'output_stream': 'stdout',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('perl_perlcritic_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#perl#perlcritic#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#perl#perlcritic#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#perl#perlcritic#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/php/hack.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/php/hack.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+" Author: Zefei Xuan <https://github.com/zefei>
+" Description: Hack type checking (http://hacklang.org/)
+
+function! ale_linters#php#hack#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
+    let l:pattern = '^\(.*\):\(\d\+\):\(\d\+\),\(\d\+\): \(.\+])\)$'
+    let l:output = []
+
+    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
+        if a:buffer != bufnr(l:match[1])
+            continue
+        endif
+
+        call add(l:output, {
+        \   'lnum': l:match[2] + 0,
+        \   'col': l:match[3] + 0,
+        \   'text': l:match[5],
+        \})
+    endfor
+
+    return l:output
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('php', {
+\   'name': 'hack',
+\   'executable': 'hh_client',
+\   'command': 'hh_client --retries 0 --retry-if-init false',
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#php#hack#Handle',
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/php/langserver.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/php/langserver.vim
@@ -4,6 +4,16 @@
 call ale#Set('php_langserver_executable', 'php-language-server.php')
 call ale#Set('php_langserver_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))

+function! ale_linters#php#langserver#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'php_langserver', [
+    \   'vendor/bin/php-language-server.php',
+    \])
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#php#langserver#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    return 'php ' . ale#Escape(ale_linters#php#langserver#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#php#langserver#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
    let l:git_path = ale#path#FindNearestDirectory(a:buffer, '.git')

@@ -13,9 +23,8 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('php', {
 \   'name': 'langserver',
 \   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('php_langserver', [
-\       'vendor/bin/php-language-server.php',
-\   ]),
-\   'command': 'php %e',
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#php#langserver#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#php#langserver#GetCommand',
+\   'language': 'php',
 \   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#php#langserver#GetProjectRoot',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/php/phpcs.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/php/phpcs.vim
@@ -6,13 +6,23 @@ let g:ale_php_phpcs_standard = get(g:, 'ale_php_phpcs_standard', '')
 call ale#Set('php_phpcs_executable', 'phpcs')
 call ale#Set('php_phpcs_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))

+function! ale_linters#php#phpcs#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'php_phpcs', [
+    \   'vendor/bin/phpcs',
+    \   'phpcs'
+    \])
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#php#phpcs#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = ale_linters#php#phpcs#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+
    let l:standard = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'php_phpcs_standard')
    let l:standard_option = !empty(l:standard)
    \   ? '--standard=' . l:standard
    \   : ''

-    return '%e -s --report=emacs --stdin-path=%s' . ale#Pad(l:standard_option)
+    return ale#Escape(l:executable)
+    \   . ' -s --report=emacs --stdin-path=%s ' . l:standard_option
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#php#phpcs#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
@@ -40,10 +50,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('php', {
 \   'name': 'phpcs',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('php_phpcs', [
-\       'vendor/bin/phpcs',
-\       'phpcs'
-\   ]),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#php#phpcs#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#php#phpcs#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#php#phpcs#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/php/phpmd.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/php/phpmd.vim
@@ -6,9 +6,16 @@ let g:ale_php_phpmd_executable = get(g:, 'ale_php_phpmd_executable', 'phpmd')
 " Set to change the ruleset
 let g:ale_php_phpmd_ruleset = get(g:, 'ale_php_phpmd_ruleset', 'cleancode,codesize,controversial,design,naming,unusedcode')

+function! ale_linters#php#phpmd#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'php_phpmd_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#php#phpmd#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return '%e %s text'
-    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'php_phpmd_ruleset'))
+    let l:executable = ale_linters#php#phpmd#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+
+    return ale#Escape(l:executable)
+    \   . ' %s text '
+    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'php_phpmd_ruleset')
    \   . ' --ignore-violations-on-exit %t'
 endfunction

@@ -32,7 +39,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('php', {
 \   'name': 'phpmd',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('php_phpmd_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#php#phpmd#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#php#phpmd#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#php#phpmd#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/php/phpstan.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/php/phpstan.vim
@@ -6,13 +6,20 @@ let g:ale_php_phpstan_executable = get(g:, 'ale_php_phpstan_executable', 'phpsta
 let g:ale_php_phpstan_level = get(g:, 'ale_php_phpstan_level', '4')
 let g:ale_php_phpstan_configuration = get(g:, 'ale_php_phpstan_configuration', '')

+function! ale_linters#php#phpstan#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'php_phpstan_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#php#phpstan#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = ale_linters#php#phpstan#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+
    let l:configuration = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'php_phpstan_configuration')
    let l:configuration_option = !empty(l:configuration)
    \   ? ' -c ' . l:configuration
    \   : ''

-    return '%e analyze -l'
+    return ale#Escape(l:executable)
+    \   . ' analyze -l'
    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'php_phpstan_level')
    \   . ' --errorFormat raw'
    \   . l:configuration_option
@@ -40,7 +47,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('php', {
 \   'name': 'phpstan',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('php_phpstan_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#php#phpstan#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#php#phpstan#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#php#phpstan#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/po/write-good.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/po/write-good.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+" Author: Cian Butler https://github.com/butlerx
+" Description: write-good for PO files
+
+call ale#linter#Define('po', {
+\   'name': 'write-good',
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetCommand',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#Handle',
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/po/writegood.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/po/writegood.vim
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Cian Butler https://github.com/butlerx
-" Description: write-good for PO files
-
-call ale#handlers#writegood#DefineLinter('po')
--- a/ale_linters/pod/write-good.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/pod/write-good.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
+" Description: write-good for Pod files
+
+call ale#linter#Define('pod', {
+\   'name': 'write-good',
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetCommand',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#Handle',
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/pod/writegood.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/pod/writegood.vim
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
-" Description: write-good for Pod files
-
-call ale#handlers#writegood#DefineLinter('pod')
--- a/ale_linters/pony/ponyc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/pony/ponyc.vim
@@ -3,14 +3,19 @@
 call ale#Set('pony_ponyc_executable', 'ponyc')
 call ale#Set('pony_ponyc_options', '--pass paint')

+function! ale_linters#pony#ponyc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'pony_ponyc_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#pony#ponyc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return '%e' . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'pony_ponyc_options'))
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#pony#ponyc#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'pony_ponyc_options')
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('pony', {
 \   'name': 'ponyc',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('pony_ponyc_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#pony#ponyc#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#pony#ponyc#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#pony#HandlePonycFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/pug/puglint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/pug/puglint.vim
@@ -5,6 +5,12 @@ call ale#Set('pug_puglint_options', '')
 call ale#Set('pug_puglint_executable', 'pug-lint')
 call ale#Set('pug_puglint_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))

+function! ale_linters#pug#puglint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'pug_puglint', [
+    \   'node_modules/.bin/pug-lint',
+    \])
+endfunction
+
 function! s:FindConfig(buffer) abort
    for l:filename in [
    \   '.pug-lintrc',
@@ -23,19 +29,19 @@ function! s:FindConfig(buffer) abort
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#pug#puglint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = ale_linters#pug#puglint#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'pug_puglint_options')
    let l:config = s:FindConfig(a:buffer)

-    return '%e' . ale#Pad(l:options)
+    return ale#Escape(l:executable)
+    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
    \   . (!empty(l:config) ? ' -c ' . ale#Escape(l:config) : '')
    \   . ' -r inline %t'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('pug', {
 \   'name': 'puglint',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('pug_puglint', [
-\       'node_modules/.bin/pug-lint',
-\   ]),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#pug#puglint#GetExecutable',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#pug#puglint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#unix#HandleAsError',
--- a/ale_linters/puppet/languageserver.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/puppet/languageserver.vim
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Alexander Olofsson <alexander.olofsson@liu.se>
-" Description: Puppet Language Server integration for ALE
-
-call ale#Set('puppet_languageserver_executable', 'puppet-languageserver')
-
-function! ale_linters#puppet#languageserver#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
-    " Note: The metadata.json file is recommended for Puppet 4+ modules, but
-    " there's no requirement to have it, so fall back to the other possible
-    " Puppet module directories
-    let l:root_path = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'metadata.json')
-    if !empty(l:root_path)
-        return fnamemodify(l:root_path, ':h')
-    endif
-
-    for l:test_path in [
-    \   'manifests',
-    \   'templates',
-    \]
-        let l:root_path = ale#path#FindNearestDirectory(a:buffer, l:test_path)
-        if !empty(l:root_path)
-            return fnamemodify(l:root_path, ':h:h')
-        endif
-    endfor
-
-    return ''
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('puppet', {
-\   'name': 'languageserver',
-\   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('puppet_languageserver_executable'),
-\   'command': '%e --stdio',
-\   'language': 'puppet',
-\   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#puppet#languageserver#GetProjectRoot',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/puppet/puppetlint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/puppet/puppetlint.vim
@@ -1,18 +1,26 @@
 " Author: Alexander Olofsson <alexander.olofsson@liu.se>, Robert Flechtner <flechtner@chemmedia.de>
 " Description: puppet-lint for puppet files

-call ale#Set('puppet_puppetlint_executable', 'puppet-lint')
-call ale#Set('puppet_puppetlint_options', '--no-autoloader_layout-check')
+let g:ale_puppet_puppetlint_executable =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_puppet_puppetlint_executable', 'puppet-lint')
+
+let g:ale_puppet_puppetlint_options =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_puppet_puppetlint_options', '--no-autoloader_layout-check')
+
+function! ale_linters#puppet#puppetlint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'puppet_puppetlint_executable')
+endfunction

 function! ale_linters#puppet#puppetlint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return '%e' . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'puppet_puppetlint_options'))
+    return ale_linters#puppet#puppetlint#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'puppet_puppetlint_options')
    \   . ' --log-format "-:%{line}:%{column}: %{kind}: [%{check}] %{message}"'
    \   . ' %t'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('puppet', {
 \   'name': 'puppetlint',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('puppet_puppetlint_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#puppet#puppetlint#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#puppet#puppetlint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/pyrex/cython.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/pyrex/cython.vim
@@ -5,11 +5,16 @@
 call ale#Set('pyrex_cython_executable', 'cython')
 call ale#Set('pyrex_cython_options', '--warning-extra')

+function! ale_linters#pyrex#cython#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'pyrex_cython_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#pyrex#cython#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:local_dir = ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h'))

-    return '%e --working ' . l:local_dir . ' --include-dir ' . l:local_dir
-    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'pyrex_cython_options'))
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#pyrex#cython#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' --working ' . l:local_dir . ' --include-dir ' . l:local_dir
+    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'pyrex_cython_options')
    \   . ' --output-file ' . g:ale#util#nul_file . ' %t'
 endfunction

@@ -32,7 +37,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('pyrex', {
 \   'name': 'cython',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('pyrex_cython_executable'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#pyrex#cython#GetExecutable',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#pyrex#cython#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#pyrex#cython#Handle',
 \})
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
w0rp	2ee3dcdd62	Fix #1631 - Disable balloon support for terminals by default	2018-07-20 16:11:38 +01:00
w0rp	465db4daa1	Only temporarily replace TMPDIR if it's defined to be an empty string	2018-07-16 08:50:34 +01:00
w0rp	fb8c090971	unlet $TMPDIR too, where we can	2018-07-15 23:05:04 +01:00
w0rp	d29e32d42d	Fix #1687 - Parse highlights when verbose > 0	2018-07-15 21:03:49 +01:00
w0rp	ab2b181012	Handle linter callback functions being unknown or deleted	2018-07-13 09:47:40 +01:00
w0rp	033a6c1178	Merge pull request #1720 from MTDL9/fix-error-response-string-data Fix E712 error in ale#lsp#response#GetErrorMessage when receiving string primitives in the error.data field	2018-07-13 09:38:19 +01:00
w0rp	7d66293bbc	Fix #1716 - Replace tempdir() with a wrapper to preserve TMPDIR	2018-07-12 13:06:11 +01:00
w0rp	1fc3a1563b	Update the sandbox test now that functions can be defined in the sandbox	2018-07-11 13:38:22 +01:00
w0rp	a31f54d08f	Fix how Docker images are pulled for developers	2018-07-04 09:36:55 +01:00