Revert "Merge pull request #1487 from rhysd/fix-1472"

This reverts commit 67b71653f5.
#1497 Tolerate important ALE variables being undefined for some reason when viewing buffers like git commits
2025-12-06 20:54:26 +08:00 · 2018-04-17 13:33:47 +01:00 · 2018-04-12 21:04:15 +01:00 · 2018-04-12 21:04:02 +01:00 · 2018-04-10 15:20:02 +01:00 · 2018-04-09 18:15:28 +01:00
1185 changed files with 10516 additions and 44575 deletions
--- a/.appveyor.yml
+++ b/.appveyor.yml
@@ -5,11 +5,6 @@ clone_depth: 10
 # Use the directory C:\testplugin so test directories will mostly work.
 clone_folder: C:\testplugin

-branches:
-  only:
-    - master
-    - /v\d+\.\d+\.(x|\d+)/
-
 # Cache the vim and vader directories between builds.
 cache:
  - C:\vim -> .appveyor.yml
--- a/.gitattributes
+++ b/.gitattributes
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 /CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md export-ignore
 /CONTRIBUTING.md export-ignore
 /Dockerfile export-ignore
-/ISSUE_TEMPLATE export-ignore
 /ISSUE_TEMPLATE.md export-ignore
 /Makefile export-ignore
 /PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md export-ignore
--- a/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-## Guidelines
-
-Have fun, and work on whatever floats your boat. Take It Easy :tm:.
-
-For help with contributing to ALE, see `:help ale-development` in Vim, or view
-the help file online [here](/doc/ale-development.txt).
-
-## Creating Issues
-
-Before creating any issues, please look through the current list of issues and
-pull requests, and ensure that the issue hasn't already been reported. If an
-issue has already been reported, but you have some new insight, please add
-a comment to the existing issue.
-
-Please read the FAQ in the README before creating any issues. A feature
-you desire may already exist and be documented, or the FAQ might explain
-how to solve a problem you have already.
-
-Please try and describe any issues reported with as much detail as you can
-provide about your Vim version, the linter you were trying to run, your
-operating system, or any other information you think might be helpful.
-
-Please describe your issue in clear, grammatically correct, and easy to
-understand English. You are more likely to see an issue resolved if others
-can understand you.
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/report-a-bug.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/report-a-bug.md
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
---
-name: Report a bug
-labels: bug
-about: Report a bug with ALE.
-
---
-
-<!--
-  This is the template for reporting ALE bugs. Make sure you try updating ALE
-  to a more recent version before reporting a bug. Look through existing bug
-  reports for similar issues before reporting a new one. Don't leave comments
-  about new bugs in the comment section for old issues.
-
-  Make sure to try disabling other plugins and trying to repeat your bug before
-  reporting it in ALE. Some times problems can arise when two plugins are used
-  together, but often your issues might be problems with other plugins.
-->
-
-## Information
-
-**VIM version**
-
-<!-- Paste just the first two lines of :version here. -->
-
-Operating System: <!-- Describe your operating system version. -->
-
-## What went wrong
-
-<!-- Describe what went wrong here. Be specific. -->
-
-Something went wrong in specifically this place, and I also searched through both open and closed issues for the same problem before reporting a bug here.
-
-Are you having trouble configuring ALE? Try asking for help on [Stack Exchange](https://vi.stackexchange.com/) or perhaps on [Reddit](https://www.reddit.com/r/vim/) instead. The GitHub issue tracker should be used for reporting bugs or asking for new features.
-
-## Reproducing the bug
-
-<!-- Write a list of steps below. -->
-
-1. I did this.
-2. Then this happened.
-
-### :ALEInfo
-
-<!-- Paste the output of :ALEInfo here. Try :ALEInfoToClipboard -->
-<!-- Make sure to run :ALEInfo from the buffer where the bug occurred. -->
-<!-- Read the output. You might figure out what went wrong yourself. -->
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/suggest-a-new-linter-or-fixer.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/suggest-a-new-linter-or-fixer.md
@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
---
-name: Suggest a new linter or fixer
-labels: new tool
-about: Suggest a new tool ALE can officially integrate with.
-
---
-
-<!--
-  Write "Add support for foobar" as the issue title, or similar.
-
-  Fill out the details below.
-->
-
-**Name:** foobar
-**URL:** https://foo.bar.com
-
-<!--
-  Write a description of the tool, and add any other information you think might
-  be helpful. Consider creating a pull request to add support for the tool
-  yourself.
-->
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/suggest-an-improvement.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/suggest-an-improvement.md
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
---
-name: Suggest an improvement
-labels: enhancement
-about: Suggest some way to improve ALE, or add a new feature.
-
---
-
-<!-- There's no fixed format for feature requests. Just add your thoughts. -->
--- a/.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md
+++ b/.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md
@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-<!--
-Before creating a pull request, do the following.
-
-* Read the Contributing guide linked above first.
-* Read the documentation that comes with ALE with `:help ale-dev`.
-
-Have fun!
-->
-
-Where are the tests? Have you added tests? Have you updated the tests? Read the
-comment above and the documentation referenced in it first. Write tests!
-
-Seriously, read `:help ale-dev` and write tests.
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1,11 +1,6 @@
+/init.vim
+/doc/tags
+.*
 !.editorconfig
 *.obj
-# Ignore all hidden files everywhere.
-# Use `git add -f` to add hidden files.
-.*
-__pycache__
-*.pyc
-/doc/tags
-/init.vim
-/test/ale-info-test-file
 tags
--- a/.travis.yml
+++ b/.travis.yml
@@ -2,15 +2,6 @@
 sudo: required
 services:
    - docker
-language: generic
-branches:
-  only:
-    - master
-    - /^v\d+\.\d+\.(x|\d+)$/
-env:
-    - OPTIONS=--vim-80-only
-    - OPTIONS=--vim-81-only
-    - OPTIONS=--neovim-only
-    - OPTIONS=--linters-only
+language: python
 script: |
-    ./run-tests -v $OPTIONS
+    ./run-tests
--- a/.github/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
+++ b/.github/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
--- a/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+# Contributing to ALE
+
+1. [Guidelines](#guidelines)
+2. [Creating Issues](#issues)
+3. [Creating Pull Requests](#pull-requests)
+    1. [Adding a New Linter](#adding-a-new-linter)
+    2. [Adding New Options](#adding-new-options)
+4. [Writing Documentation](#writing-documentation)
+    1. [Documenting New Linters](#documenting-new-linters)
+    2. [Editing the Online Documentation](#editing-online-documentation)
+    3. [Documenting Linter Options](#documenting-linter-options)
+5. [In Case of Busses](#in-case-of-busses)
+
+<a name="guidelines"></a>
+
+## 1. Guidelines
+
+Have fun, and work on whatever floats your boat. Take It Easy :tm:.
+
+Don't forget to **write documentation** for whatever it is you are doing.
+See the ["Writing Documentation"](#writing-documentation) section.
+
+Remember to write Vader tests for most of the code you write. You can look at
+existing Vader tests in the `test` directory for examples.
+
+When writing code, follow the [Google Vimscript Style
+Guide](https://google.github.io/styleguide/vimscriptguide.xml), and run `vint
+-s` on your files to check for most of what the guide mentions and more. If you
+install this plugin (ALE) and install [Vint](https://github.com/Kuniwak/vint), it
+will check your code while you type.
+
+<a name="issues"></a>
+
+## 2. Creating Issues
+
+Before creating any issues, please look through the current list of issues and
+pull requests, and ensure that the issue hasn't already been reported. If an
+issue has already been reported, but you have some new insight, please add
+a comment to the existing issue.
+
+Please read the FAQ in the README before creating any issues. A feature
+you desire may already exist and be documented, or the FAQ might explain
+how to solve a problem you have already.
+
+Please try and describe any issues reported with as much detail as you can
+provide about your Vim version, the linter you were trying to run, your
+operating system, or any other information you think might be helpful.
+
+Please describe your issue in clear, grammatically correct, and easy to
+understand English. You are more likely to see an issue resolved if others
+can understand you.
+
+<a name="pull-requests"></a>
+
+## 3. Creating Pull Requests
+
+For code you write, make sure to credit yourself at the top of files you add,
+and probably those you modify. You can write some comments at the top of your
+VIM files.
+
+```vim
+" Author: John Smith <john.smith@gmail.com>
+" Description: This file adds support for awesomelinter for the best language ever.
+```
+
+If you want to credit multiple authors, you can comma separate them.
+
+```vim
+" Author: John Smith <john.smith@gmail.com>, Jane Doe <https://jane-doe.info>
+```
+
+<a name="adding-a-new-linter"></a>
+
+### 3.i. Adding a New Linter
+
+If you add a new linter, look for existing handlers first in the
+[handlers](autoload/ale/handlers) directory. One of the handlers there may
+already be able to handle your lines of output. If you find that your new
+linter replicates an existing error handler, consider pulling it up into the
+[handlers](autoload/ale/handlers) directory, and use the generic handler in
+both places.
+
+When you add a linter, make sure the language for the linter and the linter
+itself are present in the table in the [README.md](README.md) file and in the
+Vim [help file](doc/ale.txt). The programs and linters should be sorted
+alphabetically in the table and list.
+
+<a name="adding-new-options"></a>
+
+### 3.ii. Adding New Options
+
+If you add new options to the plugin, make sure to document those new options
+in the [README.md](README.md) file, and also in the [help file](doc/ale.txt).
+Follow the format of other options in each. Global options should appear in the
+README file, and in the relevant section in the help file. Options specific
+to a particular linter should appear in the section for that linter.
+
+Linter options for customizing general argument lists should be named
+`g:ale_<filetype>_<linter>_options`, so that all linters can have similar
+global variable names.
+
+Any options for linters should be set to some default value so it is always
+easy to see what the default is with `:echo g:ale...`.
+
+<a name="writing-documentation"></a>
+
+## 4. Writing Documentation
+
+If you are adding new linters, changing the API, adding new options, etc., you
+_must_ write some documentation describing it in the `doc/ale.txt` file.  New
+linters _must_ be added to the `README.md` file too, so other users can get a
+quick overview of the supported tools.
+
+<a name="documenting-new-linters"></a>
+
+### 4.i Documenting New Linters
+
+If you add a new linter to the project, edit the table in the `README.md` file,
+and edit the list of linters at the top of the `doc/ale.txt` file. The linters
+should be sorted vertically in lexicographic (alphabetical) order by the
+programming language name or filetype, and the tools for each language should
+be sorted in lexicographic order horizontally. Sorting in this manner is a fair
+manner of presenting all of the information in an easy to scan way, without
+giving some unfair preference to any particular tool or language.
+
+<a name="editing-online-documentation"></a>
+
+### 4.ii Editing the Online Documentation
+
+The "online documentation" file used for this project lives in `doc/ale.txt`.
+This is the file used for generating `:help` text inside Vim itself. There are
+some guidelines to follow for this file.
+
+1. Keep all text within a column size of 79 characters, inclusive.
+2. Open a section with 79 `=` or `-` characters, for headings and subheadings.
+3. Sections should have a _single_ blank line before or after.
+4. Between descriptions of variables/functions/commands, use _two_ blank lines.
+5. Up-indent the description of a variable/function/command by two spaces.
+6. Place tags at the ends of lines, with the final characters on column 79.
+   All of the tags should line up perfectly on the same column as you scan
+   down through the document.
+7. Keep the table of contents balanced so the longest tag link ends on column
+   79, and so all links line up perfectly on their first character, on the
+   left.
+
+<a name="documenting-linter-options"></a>
+
+### 4.iii Documenting Linter Options
+
+For documenting new linter options, please add a new sub-section under the
+"Linter Specific Options" section describing all of the global options added
+for each linter, and what the default values of the options are. All global
+options for linters should be set to some default value. This will allow users
+to look up the default value easily by typing `:echo g:ale_...`.
+
+<a name="in-case-of-busses"></a>
+
+## 5. In Case of Busses
+
+Should the principal author of the ALE project and all collaborators with the
+required access needed to properly administrate the project on GitHub or any
+other website either perish or disappear, whether by tragic traffic accident
+or government abduction, etc., action should be taken to ensure that the
+project continues. If no one is left to administer the project where it is
+hosted, please fork the project and nominate someone capable to administer it.
+Preferably, in such an event, a single fork of the project will replace the
+original, and life will go on, except the life of whoever vanished, because
+then they will probably be dead.
+
+Should w0rp suddenly disappear, then he was probably killed in a traffic
+accident, or the government finally decided to kill him and make it look like
+suicide. In the latter event, please subvert said government and restore
+order to the universe, and ensure peace for mankind.
--- a/6
+++ b/6
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 FROM tweekmonster/vim-testbed:latest

 RUN install_vim -tag v8.0.0027 -build \
-                -tag v8.1.0519 -build \
-                -tag neovim:v0.2.0 -build \
-                -tag neovim:v0.3.5 -build
+                -tag neovim:v0.1.7 -build

 ENV PACKAGES="\
    bash \
@@ -14,7 +12,7 @@ ENV PACKAGES="\
 RUN apk --update add $PACKAGES && \
    rm -rf /var/cache/apk/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/*

-RUN pip install vim-vint==0.3.15
+RUN pip install vim-vint==0.3.9

 RUN git clone https://github.com/junegunn/vader.vim vader && \
    cd vader && git checkout c6243dd81c98350df4dec608fa972df98fa2a3af
--- a/ISSUE_TEMPLATE.md
+++ b/ISSUE_TEMPLATE.md
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+<!--
+    This is a template for bug reports. If you want to request a new feature,
+    you can clear this entire form field and write a short description of what
+    you want.
+-->
+
+## Information
+
+**VIM version**
+
+PASTE JUST THE FIRST TWO LINES OF `:version` HERE.
+
+Operating System: WHAT OS WERE YOU USING?
+
+### :ALEInfo
+
+PASTE OUTPUT OF `:ALEInfo` HERE. YOU CAN TRY `:ALEInfoToClipboard`.
+
+## What went wrong
+
+WRITE WHAT WENT WRONG HERE.
+
+## Reproducing the bug
+
+Steps for repeating the bug:
+
+1. Write a list of steps.
+2. Otherwise nobody will fix the bug.
--- a/2
+++ b/2
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Copyright (c) 2016-2019, w0rp <devw0rp@gmail.com>
+Copyright (c) 2016-2018, w0rp <devw0rp@gmail.com>
 All rights reserved.

 Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
--- a/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md
+++ b/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+<!--
+READ THIS: Before creating a pull request, please consider the following first.
+
+* The most important thing you can do is write tests. Code without tests
+  probably doesn't work, and will almost certainly stop working later on. Pull
+  requests without tests probably won't be accepted, although there are some
+  exceptions.
+* Read the Contributing guide linked above first.
+* If you are adding a new linter, remember to update the README.md file and
+  doc/ale.txt first.
+* If you add or modify a function for converting error lines into loclist items
+  that ALE can work with, please add Vader tests for them. Look at existing
+  tests in the test/handler directory, etc.
+* If you add or modify a function for computing a command line string for
+  running a command, please add Vader tests for that.
+* Generally try and cover anything with Vader tests, although some things just
+  can't be tested with Vader, or at least they can be hard to test. Consider
+  breaking up your code so that some parts can be tested, and generally open up
+  a discussion about it.
+* Have fun!
+-->
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
-# Asynchronous Lint Engine [![Travis CI Build Status](https://travis-ci.com/dense-analysis/ale.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.com/dense-analysis/ale) [![AppVeyor Build Status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/r0ef1xu8xjmik58d/branch/master?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/dense-analysis/ale) [![Join the chat at https://gitter.im/vim-ale/Lobby](https://badges.gitter.im/vim-ale/Lobby.svg)](https://gitter.im/vim-ale/Lobby?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge)
+# Asynchronous Lint Engine [![Travis CI Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/w0rp/ale.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/w0rp/ale) [![AppVeyor Build Status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/r0ef1xu8xjmik58d/branch/master?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/w0rp/ale)


-![ALE Logo by Mark Grealish - https://www.bhalash.com/](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/3518142/59195920-2c339500-8b85-11e9-9c22-f6b7f69637b8.jpg)
+![ALE Logo by Mark Grealish - https://www.bhalash.com/](img/logo.jpg?raw=true)

-ALE (Asynchronous Lint Engine) is a plugin providing linting (syntax checking
-and semantic errors) in NeoVim 0.2.0+ and Vim 8 while you edit your text files,
-and acts as a Vim [Language Server Protocol](https://langserver.org/) client.
+ALE (Asynchronous Lint Engine) is a plugin for providing linting in NeoVim
+and Vim 8 while you edit your text files.

-<img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/3518142/59195938-3a81b100-8b85-11e9-8e8d-6a601b1db908.gif" alt="A linting example with the darkspectrum color scheme in GVim." title="A linting example with the darkspectrum color scheme in GVim.">
+![linting example](img/example.gif?raw=true)

 ALE makes use of NeoVim and Vim 8 job control functions and timers to
 run linters on the contents of text buffers and return errors as
@@ -17,30 +16,8 @@ back to a filesystem.

 In other words, this plugin allows you to lint while you type.

-ALE offers support for fixing code with command line tools in a non-blocking
-manner with the `:ALEFix` feature, supporting tools in many languages, like
-`prettier`, `eslint`, `autopep8`, and more.
-
-ALE acts as a "language client" to support a variety of Language Server Protocol
-features, including:
-
-* Diagnostics (via Language Server Protocol linters)
-* Go To Definition (`:ALEGoToDefinition`)
-* Completion (Built in completion support, or with Deoplete)
-* Finding references (`:ALEFindReferences`)
-* Hover information (`:ALEHover`)
-* Symbol search (`:ALESymbolSearch`)
-
-If you don't care about Language Server Protocol, ALE won't load any of the code
-for working with it unless needed. One of ALE's general missions is that you
-won't pay for the features that you don't use.
-
-**Help Wanted:** If you would like to help maintain this plugin by managing the
-many issues and pull requests that are submitted, please send the author an
-email at [dev@w0rp.com](mailto:dev@w0rp.com?subject=Helping%20with%20ALE).
-
-If you enjoy this plugin, feel free to contribute or check out the author's
-other content at [w0rp.com](https://w0rp.com).
+In addition to linting support, ALE offers some support for fixing code with
+formatting tools, and some Language Server Protocol and `tsserver` features.

 ## Table of Contents

@@ -50,14 +27,10 @@ other content at [w0rp.com](https://w0rp.com).
    2. [Fixing](#usage-fixing)
    3. [Completion](#usage-completion)
    4. [Go To Definition](#usage-go-to-definition)
-    5. [Find References](#usage-find-references)
-    6. [Hovering](#usage-hover)
-    7. [Symbol Search](#usage-symbol-search)
 3. [Installation](#installation)
    1. [Installation with Vim package management](#standard-installation)
    2. [Installation with Pathogen](#installation-with-pathogen)
    3. [Installation with Vundle](#installation-with-vundle)
-    4. [Installation with Vim-Plug](#installation-with-vim-plug)
 4. [Contributing](#contributing)
 5. [FAQ](#faq)
    1. [How do I disable particular linters?](#faq-disable-linters)
@@ -72,20 +45,130 @@ other content at [w0rp.com](https://w0rp.com).
    10. [How can I run linters only when I save files?](#faq-lint-on-save)
    11. [How can I use the quickfix list instead of the loclist?](#faq-quickfix)
    12. [How can I check JSX files with both stylelint and eslint?](#faq-jsx-stylelint-eslint)
-    13. [How can I check Vue files with ESLint?](#faq-vue-eslint)
-    14. [Will this plugin eat all of my laptop battery power?](#faq-my-battery-is-sad)
-    15. [How can I configure my C or C++ project?](#faq-c-configuration)
-    16. [How can I configure ALE differently for different buffers?](#faq-buffer-configuration)
-    17. [How can I configure the height of the list in which ALE displays errors?](#faq-list-window-height)
-    18. [How can I see what ALE has configured for the current file?](#faq-get-info)
+    13. [Will this plugin eat all of my laptop battery power?](#faq-my-battery-is-sad)
+    14. [How can I configure my C or C++ project?](#faq-c-configuration)
+    15. [How can I configure ALE differently for different buffers?](#faq-buffer-configuration)
+    16. [How can I configure the height of the list in which ALE displays errors?](#faq-list-window-height)

 <a name="supported-languages"></a>

 ## 1. Supported Languages and Tools

-ALE supports a wide variety of languages and tools. See the
-[full list](supported-tools.md) in the
-[Supported Languages and Tools](supported-tools.md) page.
+This plugin supports the following languages and tools. All available
+tools will be run in combination, so they can be complementary.
+
+<!--
+Keep the table rows sorted alphabetically by the language name,
+and the tools in the tools column sorted alphabetically by the tool
+name. That seems to be the fairest way to arrange this table.
+
+Remember to also update doc/ale.txt, which has a similar list with different
+formatting.
+-->
+
+**Notes:**
+
+* *^ No linters for text or Vim help filetypes are enabled by default.*
+* *!! These linters check only files on disk. See `:help ale-lint-file-linters`*
+
+| Language | Tools |
+| -------- | ----- |
+| ASM | [gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org) |
+| Ansible | [ansible-lint](https://github.com/willthames/ansible-lint) |
+| API Blueprint | [drafter](https://github.com/apiaryio/drafter) |
+| AsciiDoc | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [redpen](http://redpen.cc/), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
+| Awk | [gawk](https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/)|
+| Bash | shell [-n flag](https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#index-set), [shellcheck](https://www.shellcheck.net/), [shfmt](https://github.com/mvdan/sh) |
+| Bourne Shell | shell [-n flag](http://linux.die.net/man/1/sh), [shellcheck](https://www.shellcheck.net/), [shfmt](https://github.com/mvdan/sh) |
+| C | [cppcheck](http://cppcheck.sourceforge.net), [cpplint](https://github.com/google/styleguide/tree/gh-pages/cpplint), [clang](http://clang.llvm.org/), [clangtidy](http://clang.llvm.org/extra/clang-tidy/) !!, [clang-format](https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangFormat.html), [flawfinder](https://www.dwheeler.com/flawfinder/), [gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org/) |
+| C++ (filetype cpp) | [clang](http://clang.llvm.org/), [clangcheck](http://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangCheck.html) !!, [clangtidy](http://clang.llvm.org/extra/clang-tidy/) !!, [clang-format](https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangFormat.html), [cppcheck](http://cppcheck.sourceforge.net), [cpplint](https://github.com/google/styleguide/tree/gh-pages/cpplint) !!, [flawfinder](https://www.dwheeler.com/flawfinder/), [gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org/) |
+| CUDA | [nvcc](http://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-compiler-driver-nvcc/index.html) |
+| C# | [mcs](http://www.mono-project.com/docs/about-mono/languages/csharp/) see:`help ale-cs-mcs` for details, [mcsc](http://www.mono-project.com/docs/about-mono/languages/csharp/) !! see:`help ale-cs-mcsc` for details and configuration|
+| Chef | [foodcritic](http://www.foodcritic.io/) |
+| Clojure | [joker](https://github.com/candid82/joker) |
+| CMake | [cmakelint](https://github.com/richq/cmake-lint) |
+| CoffeeScript | [coffee](http://coffeescript.org/), [coffeelint](https://www.npmjs.com/package/coffeelint) |
+| Crystal | [crystal](https://crystal-lang.org/) !! |
+| CSS | [csslint](http://csslint.net/), [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier), [stylelint](https://github.com/stylelint/stylelint) |
+| Cython (pyrex filetype) | [cython](http://cython.org/) |
+| D | [dmd](https://dlang.org/dmd-linux.html) |
+| Dafny | [dafny](https://rise4fun.com/Dafny) !! |
+| Dart | [dartanalyzer](https://github.com/dart-lang/sdk/tree/master/pkg/analyzer_cli) !!, [language_server](https://github.com/natebosch/dart_language_server) |
+| Dockerfile | [hadolint](https://github.com/hadolint/hadolint) |
+| Elixir | [credo](https://github.com/rrrene/credo), [dialyxir](https://github.com/jeremyjh/dialyxir), [dogma](https://github.com/lpil/dogma) !!|
+| Elm | [elm-format](https://github.com/avh4/elm-format), [elm-make](https://github.com/elm-lang/elm-make) |
+| Erb | [erb](https://apidock.com/ruby/ERB), [erubi](https://github.com/jeremyevans/erubi), [erubis](https://github.com/kwatch/erubis) |
+| Erlang | [erlc](http://erlang.org/doc/man/erlc.html), [SyntaxErl](https://github.com/ten0s/syntaxerl) |
+| Fish | fish [-n flag](https://linux.die.net/man/1/fish)
+| Fortran | [gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org/) |
+| Fountain | [proselint](http://proselint.com/) |
+| FusionScript | [fusion-lint](https://github.com/RyanSquared/fusionscript) |
+| Git Commit Messages | [gitlint](https://github.com/jorisroovers/gitlint) |
+| GLSL | [glslang](https://github.com/KhronosGroup/glslang), [glslls](https://github.com/svenstaro/glsl-language-server) |
+| Go | [gofmt](https://golang.org/cmd/gofmt/), [goimports](https://godoc.org/golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goimports), [go vet](https://golang.org/cmd/vet/) !!, [golint](https://godoc.org/github.com/golang/lint), [gotype](https://godoc.org/golang.org/x/tools/cmd/gotype) !!, [gometalinter](https://github.com/alecthomas/gometalinter) !!, [go build](https://golang.org/cmd/go/) !!, [gosimple](https://github.com/dominikh/go-tools/tree/master/cmd/gosimple) !!, [staticcheck](https://github.com/dominikh/go-tools/tree/master/cmd/staticcheck) !! |
+| GraphQL | [eslint](http://eslint.org/), [gqlint](https://github.com/happylinks/gqlint), [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier) |
+| Haml | [haml-lint](https://github.com/brigade/haml-lint) |
+| Handlebars | [ember-template-lint](https://github.com/rwjblue/ember-template-lint) |
+| Haskell | [brittany](https://github.com/lspitzner/brittany), [ghc](https://www.haskell.org/ghc/), [stack-ghc](https://haskellstack.org/), [stack-build](https://haskellstack.org/) !!, [ghc-mod](https://github.com/DanielG/ghc-mod), [stack-ghc-mod](https://github.com/DanielG/ghc-mod), [hlint](https://hackage.haskell.org/package/hlint), [hdevtools](https://hackage.haskell.org/package/hdevtools), [hfmt](https://github.com/danstiner/hfmt) |
+| HTML | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [HTMLHint](http://htmlhint.com/), [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [tidy](http://www.html-tidy.org/), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
+| Idris | [idris](http://www.idris-lang.org/) |
+| Java | [checkstyle](http://checkstyle.sourceforge.net), [javac](http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html), [google-java-format](https://github.com/google/google-java-format) |
+| JavaScript | [eslint](http://eslint.org/), [flow](https://flowtype.org/), [jscs](http://jscs.info/), [jshint](http://jshint.com/), [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier), [prettier-eslint](https://github.com/prettier/prettier-eslint), [prettier-standard](https://github.com/sheerun/prettier-standard), [standard](http://standardjs.com/), [xo](https://github.com/sindresorhus/xo)
+| JSON | [fixjson](https://github.com/rhysd/fixjson), [jsonlint](http://zaa.ch/jsonlint/), [jq](https://stedolan.github.io/jq/), [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier) |
+| Kotlin | [kotlinc](https://kotlinlang.org) !!, [ktlint](https://ktlint.github.io) !! see `:help ale-integration-kotlin` for configuration instructions |
+| LaTeX | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [chktex](http://www.nongnu.org/chktex/), [lacheck](https://www.ctan.org/pkg/lacheck), [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [redpen](http://redpen.cc/), [vale](https://github.com/ValeLint/vale), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
+| Less | [lessc](https://www.npmjs.com/package/less), [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier), [stylelint](https://github.com/stylelint/stylelint) |
+| LLVM | [llc](https://llvm.org/docs/CommandGuide/llc.html) |
+| Lua | [luac](https://www.lua.org/manual/5.1/luac.html), [luacheck](https://github.com/mpeterv/luacheck) |
+| Mail | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [vale](https://github.com/ValeLint/vale) |
+| Make | [checkmake](https://github.com/mrtazz/checkmake) |
+| Markdown | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [markdownlint](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint) !!, [mdl](https://github.com/mivok/markdownlint), [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier), [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [redpen](http://redpen.cc/), [remark-lint](https://github.com/wooorm/remark-lint) !!, [textlint](https://textlint.github.io/), [vale](https://github.com/ValeLint/vale), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
+| MATLAB | [mlint](https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/ref/mlint.html) |
+| Nim | [nim check](https://nim-lang.org/docs/nimc.html) !! |
+| nix | [nix-instantiate](http://nixos.org/nix/manual/#sec-nix-instantiate) |
+| nroff | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good)|
+| Objective-C | [clang](http://clang.llvm.org/) |
+| Objective-C++ | [clang](http://clang.llvm.org/) |
+| OCaml | [merlin](https://github.com/the-lambda-church/merlin) see `:help ale-ocaml-merlin` for configuration instructions, [ols](https://github.com/freebroccolo/ocaml-language-server) |
+| Perl | [perl -c](https://perl.org/), [perl-critic](https://metacpan.org/pod/Perl::Critic) |
+| PHP | [hack](http://hacklang.org/), [hackfmt](https://github.com/facebook/flow/tree/master/hack/hackfmt), [langserver](https://github.com/felixfbecker/php-language-server), [phan](https://github.com/phan/phan) see `:help ale-php-phan` to instructions, [php -l](https://secure.php.net/), [phpcs](https://github.com/squizlabs/PHP_CodeSniffer), [phpmd](https://phpmd.org), [phpstan](https://github.com/phpstan/phpstan), [phpcbf](https://github.com/squizlabs/PHP_CodeSniffer), [php-cs-fixer](http://cs.sensiolabs.org/) |
+| PO | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [msgfmt](https://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/html_node/msgfmt-Invocation.html), [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
+| Pod | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
+| Pony | [ponyc](https://github.com/ponylang/ponyc) |
+| proto | [protoc-gen-lint](https://github.com/ckaznocha/protoc-gen-lint) |
+| Pug | [pug-lint](https://github.com/pugjs/pug-lint) |
+| Puppet | [puppet](https://puppet.com), [puppet-lint](https://puppet-lint.com) |
+| Python | [autopep8](https://github.com/hhatto/autopep8), [flake8](http://flake8.pycqa.org/en/latest/), [isort](https://github.com/timothycrosley/isort), [mypy](http://mypy-lang.org/), [prospector](http://github.com/landscapeio/prospector), [pycodestyle](https://github.com/PyCQA/pycodestyle), [pyls](https://github.com/palantir/python-language-server), [pylint](https://www.pylint.org/) !!, [yapf](https://github.com/google/yapf) |
+| QML | [qmllint](https://github.com/qt/qtdeclarative/tree/5.11/tools/qmllint) |
+| R | [lintr](https://github.com/jimhester/lintr) |
+| ReasonML | [merlin](https://github.com/the-lambda-church/merlin) see `:help ale-reasonml-ols` for configuration instructions, [ols](https://github.com/freebroccolo/ocaml-language-server), [refmt](https://github.com/reasonml/reason-cli) |
+| reStructuredText | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [redpen](http://redpen.cc/), [rstcheck](https://github.com/myint/rstcheck), [vale](https://github.com/ValeLint/vale), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
+| Re:VIEW | [redpen](http://redpen.cc/) |
+| RPM spec | [rpmlint](https://github.com/rpm-software-management/rpmlint) (disabled by default; see `:help ale-integration-spec`) |
+| Ruby | [brakeman](http://brakemanscanner.org/) !!, [rails_best_practices](https://github.com/flyerhzm/rails_best_practices) !!, [reek](https://github.com/troessner/reek), [rubocop](https://github.com/bbatsov/rubocop), [ruby](https://www.ruby-lang.org), [rufo](https://github.com/ruby-formatter/rufo) |
+| Rust |  cargo !! (see `:help ale-integration-rust` for configuration instructions), [rls](https://github.com/rust-lang-nursery/rls), [rustc](https://www.rust-lang.org/), [rustfmt](https://github.com/rust-lang-nursery/rustfmt) |
+| SASS | [sass-lint](https://www.npmjs.com/package/sass-lint), [stylelint](https://github.com/stylelint/stylelint) |
+| SCSS | [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier), [sass-lint](https://www.npmjs.com/package/sass-lint), [scss-lint](https://github.com/brigade/scss-lint), [stylelint](https://github.com/stylelint/stylelint) |
+| Scala | [scalac](http://scala-lang.org), [scalastyle](http://www.scalastyle.org) |
+| Slim | [slim-lint](https://github.com/sds/slim-lint) |
+| SML | [smlnj](http://www.smlnj.org/) |
+| Solidity | [solhint](https://github.com/protofire/solhint), [solium](https://github.com/duaraghav8/Solium) |
+| Stylus | [stylelint](https://github.com/stylelint/stylelint) |
+| SQL | [sqlint](https://github.com/purcell/sqlint) |
+| Swift | [swiftlint](https://github.com/realm/SwiftLint), [swiftformat](https://github.com/nicklockwood/SwiftFormat) |
+| Tcl | [nagelfar](http://nagelfar.sourceforge.net) !! |
+| Terraform | [tflint](https://github.com/wata727/tflint) |
+| Texinfo | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good)|
+| Text^ | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [redpen](http://redpen.cc/), [textlint](https://textlint.github.io/), [vale](https://github.com/ValeLint/vale), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
+| Thrift | [thrift](http://thrift.apache.org/) |
+| TypeScript | [eslint](http://eslint.org/), [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier), [tslint](https://github.com/palantir/tslint), tsserver, typecheck |
+| Verilog | [iverilog](https://github.com/steveicarus/iverilog), [verilator](http://www.veripool.org/projects/verilator/wiki/Intro) |
+| Vim | [vint](https://github.com/Kuniwak/vint) |
+| Vim help^ | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
+| Vue | [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier) |
+| XHTML | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
+| XML | [xmllint](http://xmlsoft.org/xmllint.html) |
+| YAML | [swaglint](https://github.com/byCedric/swaglint), [yamllint](https://yamllint.readthedocs.io/) |

 <a name="usage"></a>

@@ -105,55 +188,31 @@ new buffers or as you make edits to your files.
 The behaviour of linting can be configured with a variety of options,
 documented in [the Vim help file](doc/ale.txt). For more information on the
 options ALE offers, consult `:help ale-options` for global options and `:help
-ale-integration-options` for options specified to particular linters.
+ale-linter-options` for options specified to particular linters.

 <a name="usage-fixing"></a>

 ### 2.ii Fixing

 ALE can fix files with the `ALEFix` command. Functions need to be configured
-either in each buffer with a `b:ale_fixers`, or globally with `g:ale_fixers`.
-
-The recommended way to configure fixers is to define a List in an ftplugin file.
+for different filetypes with the `g:ale_fixers` variable. For example, the
+following code can be used to fix JavaScript code with ESLint:

 ```vim
-" In ~/.vim/ftplugin/javascript.vim, or somewhere similar.
-
-" Fix files with prettier, and then ESLint.
-let b:ale_fixers = ['prettier', 'eslint']
-" Equivalent to the above.
-let b:ale_fixers = {'javascript': ['prettier', 'eslint']}
-```
-
-You can also configure your fixers from vimrc using `g:ale_fixers`, before or
-after ALE has been loaded.
-
-A `*` in place of the filetype will apply a List of fixers to all files which
-do not match some filetype in the Dictionary.
-
-Note that using a plain List for `g:ale_fixers` is not supported.
-
-```vim
-" In ~/.vim/vimrc, or somewhere similar.
+" Put this in vimrc or a plugin file of your own.
+" After this is configured, :ALEFix will try and fix your JS code with ESLint.
 let g:ale_fixers = {
-\   '*': ['remove_trailing_lines', 'trim_whitespace'],
 \   'javascript': ['eslint'],
 \}
-```

-If you want to automatically fix files when you save them, you need to turn
-a setting on in vimrc.
-
-```vim
-" Set this variable to 1 to fix files when you save them.
+" Set this setting in vimrc if you want to fix files automatically on save.
+" This is off by default.
 let g:ale_fix_on_save = 1
 ```

-The `:ALEFixSuggest` command will suggest some supported tools for fixing code.
-Both `g:ale_fixers` and `b:ale_fixers` can also accept functions, including
-lambda functions, as fixers, for fixing files with custom tools.
-
-See `:help ale-fix` for complete information on how to fix files with ALE.
+The `:ALEFixSuggest` command will suggest some supported tools for fixing code,
+but fixers can be also implemented with functions, including lambda functions
+too. See `:help ale-fix` for detailed information.

 <a name="usage-completion"></a>

@@ -161,46 +220,15 @@ See `:help ale-fix` for complete information on how to fix files with ALE.

 ALE offers some support for completion via hijacking of omnicompletion while you
 type. All of ALE's completion information must come from Language Server
-Protocol linters, or from `tsserver` for TypeScript.
-
-ALE integrates with [Deoplete](https://github.com/Shougo/deoplete.nvim) as a
-completion source, named `'ale'`. You can configure Deoplete to only use ALE as
-the source of completion information, or mix it with other sources.
-
-```vim
-" Use ALE and also some plugin 'foobar' as completion sources for all code.
-call deoplete#custom#option('sources', {
-\ '_': ['ale', 'foobar'],
-\})
-```
-
-ALE also offers its own automatic completion support, which does not require any
-other plugins, and can be enabled by changing a setting before ALE is loaded.
+Protocol linters, or similar protocols. At the moment, completion is only
+supported for TypeScript code with `tsserver`, when `tsserver` is enabled. You
+can enable completion like so:

 ```vim
 " Enable completion where available.
-" This setting must be set before ALE is loaded.
-"
-" You should not turn this setting on if you wish to use ALE as a completion
-" source for other completion plugins, like Deoplete.
 let g:ale_completion_enabled = 1
 ```

-ALE provides an omni-completion function you can use for triggering
-completion manually with `<C-x><C-o>`.
-
-```vim
-set omnifunc=ale#completion#OmniFunc
-```
-
-When working with TypeScript files, ALE supports automatic imports from
-external modules. This behavior is disabled by default and can be enabled by
-setting:
-
-```vim
-let g:ale_completion_tsserver_autoimport = 1
-```
-
 See `:help ale-completion` for more information.

 <a name="usage-go-to-definition"></a>
@@ -208,47 +236,10 @@ See `:help ale-completion` for more information.
 ### 2.iv Go To Definition

 ALE supports jumping to the definition of words under your cursor with the
-`:ALEGoToDefinition` command using any enabled Language Server Protocol linters
-and `tsserver`.
+`:ALEGoToDefinition` command using any enabled LSP linters and `tsserver`.

 See `:help ale-go-to-definition` for more information.

-<a name="usage-find-references"></a>
-
-### 2.v Find References
-
-ALE supports finding references for words under your cursor with the
-`:ALEFindReferences` command using any enabled Language Server Protocol linters
-and `tsserver`.
-
-See `:help ale-find-references` for more information.
-
-<a name="usage-hover"></a>
-
-### 2.vi Hovering
-
-ALE supports "hover" information for printing brief information about symbols at
-the cursor taken from Language Server Protocol linters and `tsserver` with the
-`ALEHover` command.
-
-The information can be displayed in a `balloon` tooltip in Vim or GVim by
-hovering your mouse over symbols. Mouse hovering is enabled by default in GVim,
-and needs to be configured for Vim 8.1+ in terminals.
-
-See `:help ale-hover` for more information.
-
-<a name="usage-symbol-search"></a>
-
-### 2.vii Symbol Search
-
-ALE supports searching for workspace symbols via Language Server Protocol
-linters with the `ALESymbolSearch` command.
-
-Search queries can be performed to find functions, types, and more which are
-similar to a given query string.
-
-See `:help ale-symbol-search` for more information.
-
 <a name="installation"></a>

 ## 3. Installation
@@ -270,14 +261,14 @@ any other tools. Simply clone the plugin into your `pack` directory.

 ```bash
 mkdir -p ~/.vim/pack/git-plugins/start
-git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/dense-analysis/ale.git ~/.vim/pack/git-plugins/start/ale
+git clone https://github.com/w0rp/ale.git ~/.vim/pack/git-plugins/start/ale
 ```

 #### NeoVim on Unix

 ```bash
 mkdir -p ~/.local/share/nvim/site/pack/git-plugins/start
-git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/dense-analysis/ale.git ~/.local/share/nvim/site/pack/git-plugins/start/ale
+git clone https://github.com/w0rp/ale.git ~/.local/share/nvim/site/pack/git-plugins/start/ale
 ```

 #### Vim 8 on Windows
@@ -285,7 +276,7 @@ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/dense-analysis/ale.git ~/.local/share/nvi
 ```bash
 # Run these commands in the "Git for Windows" Bash terminal
 mkdir -p ~/vimfiles/pack/git-plugins/start
-git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/dense-analysis/ale.git ~/vimfiles/pack/git-plugins/start/ale
+git clone https://github.com/w0rp/ale.git ~/vimfiles/pack/git-plugins/start/ale
 ```

 #### Generating Vim help files
@@ -316,7 +307,7 @@ You can run the following commands in your terminal to do so:

 ```bash
 cd ~/.vim/bundle
-git clone https://github.com/dense-analysis/ale.git
+git clone https://github.com/w0rp/ale.git
 ```

 <a name="installation-with-vundle"></a>
@@ -327,36 +318,24 @@ You can install this plugin using [Vundle](https://github.com/VundleVim/Vundle.v
 by using the path on GitHub for this repository.

 ```vim
-Plugin 'dense-analysis/ale'
+Plugin 'w0rp/ale'
 ```

 See the Vundle documentation for more information.

-<a name="installation-with-vim-plug"></a>
-
-### 3.iiii. Installation with Vim-Plug
-
-You can install this plugin using [Vim-Plug](https://github.com/junegunn/vim-plug)
-by adding the GitHub path for this repository to your `~/.vimrc`
-and running `:PlugInstall`.
-
-```vim
-Plug 'dense-analysis/ale'
-```
-
 <a name="contributing"></a>

 ## 4. Contributing

 If you would like to see support for more languages and tools, please
-[create an issue](https://github.com/dense-analysis/ale/issues)
-or [create a pull request](https://github.com/dense-analysis/ale/pulls).
+[create an issue](https://github.com/w0rp/ale/issues)
+or [create a pull request](https://github.com/w0rp/ale/pulls).
 If your tool can read from stdin or you have code to suggest which is good,
 support can be happily added for it.

 If you are interested in the general direction of the project, check out the
-[wiki home page](https://github.com/dense-analysis/ale/wiki). The wiki includes
-a Roadmap for the future, and more.
+[wiki home page](https://github.com/w0rp/ale/wiki). The wiki includes a
+Roadmap for the future, and more.

 If you'd liked to discuss the project more directly, check out the `#vim-ale` channel
 on Freenode. Web chat is available [here](https://webchat.freenode.net/?channels=vim-ale).
@@ -369,28 +348,12 @@ on Freenode. Web chat is available [here](https://webchat.freenode.net/?channels

 ### 5.i. How do I disable particular linters?

-By default, all available tools for all supported languages will be run. If you
-want to only select a subset of the tools, you can define `b:ale_linters` for a
-single buffer, or `g:ale_linters` globally.
-
-The recommended way to configure linters is to define a List in an ftplugin
-file.
+By default, all available tools for all supported languages will be run.
+If you want to only select a subset of the tools, simply create a
+`g:ale_linters` dictionary in your vimrc file mapping filetypes
+to lists of linters to run.

 ```vim
-" In ~/.vim/ftplugin/javascript.vim, or somewhere similar.
-
-" Enable ESLint only for JavaScript.
-let b:ale_linters = ['eslint']
-
-" Equivalent to the above.
-let b:ale_linters = {'javascript': ['eslint']}
-```
-
-You can also declare which linters you want to run in your vimrc file, before or
-after ALE has been loaded.
-
-```vim
-" In ~/.vim/vimrc, or somewhere similar.
 let g:ale_linters = {
 \   'javascript': ['eslint'],
 \}
@@ -401,14 +364,6 @@ be run for those languages, just as when the dictionary is not defined.
 Running many linters should not typically obstruct editing in Vim,
 as they will all be executed in separate processes simultaneously.

-If you don't want ALE to run anything other than what you've explicitly asked
-for, you can set `g:ale_linters_explicit` to `1`.
-
-```vim
-" Only run linters named in ale_linters settings.
-let g:ale_linters_explicit = 1
-```
-
 This plugin will look for linters in the [`ale_linters`](ale_linters) directory.
 Each directory within corresponds to a particular filetype in Vim, and each file
 in each directory corresponds to the name of a particular linter.
@@ -485,16 +440,8 @@ let g:airline#extensions#ale#enabled = 1
 ```

 If you don't want to use vim-airline, you can implement your own statusline
-function without adding any other plugins. ALE provides some functions to
-assist in this endeavour, including:
-
-* `ale#statusline#Count`: Which returns the number of problems found by ALE
-  for a specified buffer.
-* `ale#statusline#FirstProblem`: Which returns a dictionary containing the
-  full loclist details of the first problem of a specified type found by ALE
-  in a buffer. (e.g. The first style warning in the current buffer.)
-  This can be useful for displaying more detailed information such as the
-  line number of the first problem in a file.
+function without adding any other plugins. ALE provides a function for counting
+the number of problems for this purpose, named `ale#statusline#Count`.

 Say you want to display all errors as one figure, and all non-errors as another
 figure. You can do the following:
@@ -516,8 +463,7 @@ endfunction
 set statusline=%{LinterStatus()}
 ```

-See `:help ale#statusline#Count()` or `:help ale#statusline#FirstProblem()`
-for more information.
+See `:help ale#statusline#Count()` for more information.

 <a name="faq-lightline"></a>

@@ -536,10 +482,8 @@ There are 3 global options that allow customizing the echoed message.

 - `g:ale_echo_msg_format` where:
    * `%s` is the error message itself
-    * `%...code...%` is an optional error code, and most characters can be
-      written between the `%` characters.
    * `%linter%` is the linter name
-    * `%severity%` is the severity type
+    * `%severity` is the severity type
 - `g:ale_echo_msg_error_str` is the string used for error severity.
 - `g:ale_echo_msg_warning_str` is the string used for warning severity.

@@ -553,30 +497,24 @@ let g:ale_echo_msg_format = '[%linter%] %s [%severity%]'

 Will give you:

-![Echoed message](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/3518142/59195927-348bd000-8b85-11e9-88b6-508a094f1548.png)
-
-See `:help g:ale_echo_msg_format` for more information.
+![Echoed message](img/echo.png)

 <a name="faq-autocmd"></a>

 ### 5.viii. How can I execute some code when ALE starts or stops linting?

 ALE runs its own [autocmd](http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/autocmd.html)
-events when a lint or fix cycle are started and stopped. There is also an event
-that runs when a linter job has been successfully started. These events can be
-used to call arbitrary functions during these respective parts of the ALE's
-operation.
+events when a lint or fix cycle are started and stopped. These events can be
+used to call arbitrary functions before and after ALE stops linting.

 ```vim
 augroup YourGroup
    autocmd!
-    autocmd User ALELintPre    call YourFunction()
-    autocmd User ALELintPost   call YourFunction()
+    autocmd User ALELintPre  call YourFunction()
+    autocmd User ALELintPost call YourFunction()

-    autocmd User ALEJobStarted call YourFunction()
-
-    autocmd User ALEFixPre     call YourFunction()
-    autocmd User ALEFixPost    call YourFunction()
+    autocmd User ALEFixPre   call YourFunction()
+    autocmd User ALEFixPost  call YourFunction()
 augroup END
 ```

@@ -608,7 +546,6 @@ options off.
 ```vim
 " Write this in your vimrc file
 let g:ale_lint_on_text_changed = 'never'
-let g:ale_lint_on_insert_leave = 0
 " You can disable this option too
 " if you don't want linters to run on opening a file
 let g:ale_lint_on_enter = 0
@@ -668,20 +605,11 @@ augroup END
 ```

 Supposing the filetype has been set correctly, you can set the following
-options in a jsx.vim ftplugin file.
+options in your vimrc file:

 ```vim
-" In ~/.vim/ftplugin/jsx.vim, or somewhere similar.
-let b:ale_linter_aliases = ['css', 'javascript']
-let b:ale_linters = ['stylelint', 'eslint']
-```
-
-Or if you want, you can configure the linters from your vimrc file.
-
-```vim
-" In ~/.vim/vimrc, or somewhere similar.
-let g:ale_linter_aliases = {'jsx': ['css', 'javascript']}
 let g:ale_linters = {'jsx': ['stylelint', 'eslint']}
+let g:ale_linter_aliases = {'jsx': 'css'}
 ```

 ALE will alias the `jsx` filetype so it uses the `css` filetype linters, and
@@ -689,40 +617,9 @@ use the original Array of selected linters for `jsx` from the `g:ale_linters`
 object. All available linters will be used for the filetype `javascript`, and
 no linter will be run twice for the same file.

-<a name="faq-vue-eslint"></a>
-
-### 5.xiii. How can I check Vue files with ESLint?
-
-To check Vue files with ESLint, your ESLint project configuration file must be
-configured to use the [Vue plugin](https://github.com/vuejs/eslint-plugin-vue).
-After that, you need to configure ALE so it will run the JavaScript ESLint
-linter on your files. The settings you need are similar to the settings needed
-for checking JSX code with both stylelint and ESLint, in the previous section.
-
-```vim
-" In ~/.vim/ftplugin/vue.vim, or somewhere similar.
-
-" Run both javascript and vue linters for vue files.
-let b:ale_linter_aliases = ['javascript', 'vue']
-" Select the eslint and vls linters.
-let b:ale_linters = ['eslint', 'vls']
-```
-
-Run `:ALEInfo` to see which linters are available after telling ALE to run
-JavaScript linters on Vue files. Not all linters support checking Vue files.
-
-If you don't want to configure your linters in ftplugin files for some reason,
-you can configure them from your vimrc file instead.
-
-```vim
-" In ~/.vim/vimrc, or somewhere similar.
-let g:ale_linter_aliases = {'vue': ['vue', 'javascript']}
-let g:ale_linters = {'vue': ['eslint', 'vls']}
-```
-
 <a name="faq-my-battery-is-sad"></a>

-### 5.xiv. Will this plugin eat all of my laptop battery power?
+### 5.xiii. Will this plugin eat all of my laptop battery power?

 ALE takes advantage of the power of various tools to check your code. This of
 course means that CPU time will be used to continuously check your code. If you
@@ -735,10 +632,11 @@ while you type. ALE uses a timeout which is cancelled and reset every time you
 type, and this delay can be increased so linters are run less often. See
 `:help g:ale_lint_delay` for more information.

-If you don't wish to run linters while you type, you can disable that behaviour.
-Set `g:ale_lint_on_text_changed` to `never`. You won't get as frequent error
-checking, but ALE shouldn't block your ability to edit a document after you save
-a file, so the asynchronous nature of the plugin will still be an advantage.
+If you don't wish to run linters while you type, you can disable that
+behaviour. Set `g:ale_lint_on_text_changed` to `never` or `normal`. You won't
+get as frequent error checking, but ALE shouldn't block your ability to edit a
+document after you save a file, so the asynchronous nature of the plugin will
+still be an advantage.

 If you are still concerned, you can turn the automatic linting off altogether,
 including the option `g:ale_lint_on_enter`, and you can run ALE manually with
@@ -746,7 +644,7 @@ including the option `g:ale_lint_on_enter`, and you can run ALE manually with

 <a name="faq-c-configuration"></a>

-### 5.xv. How can I configure my C or C++ project?
+### 5.xiv. How can I configure my C or C++ project?

 The structure of C and C++ projects varies wildly from project to project, with
 many different build tools being used for building them, and many different
@@ -755,9 +653,8 @@ ALE cannot easily detect which compiler flags to use.

 Some tools and build configurations can generate
 [compile_commands.json](https://clang.llvm.org/docs/JSONCompilationDatabase.html)
-files. The `cppcheck`, `clangcheck`, `clangtidy` and `cquery` linters can read
-these files for automatically determining the appropriate compiler flags to
-use.
+files. The `cppcheck`, `clangcheck` and `clangtidy` linters can read these
+files for automatically determining the appropriate compiler flags to use.

 For linting with compilers like `gcc` and `clang`, and with other tools, you
 will need to tell ALE which compiler flags to use yourself. You can use
@@ -772,7 +669,7 @@ used for executing local vimrc files which can be shared in your project.

 <a name="faq-buffer-configuration"></a>

-### 5.xvi. How can I configure ALE differently for different buffers?
+### 5.xv. How can I configure ALE differently for different buffers?

 ALE offers various ways to configure which linters or fixers are run, and
 other settings. For the majority of ALE's settings, they can either be
@@ -808,7 +705,7 @@ Buffer-local variables for settings always override the global settings.

 <a name="faq-list-window-height"></a>

-### 5.xvii. How can I configure the height of the list in which ALE displays errors?
+### 5.xvi. How can I configure the height of the list in which ALE displays errors?

 To set a default height for the error list, use the `g:ale_list_window_size` variable.

@@ -816,13 +713,3 @@ To set a default height for the error list, use the `g:ale_list_window_size` var
 " Show 5 lines of errors (default: 10)
 let g:ale_list_window_size = 5
 ```
-
-<a name="faq-get-info"></a>
-
-### 5.xviii. How can I see what ALE has configured for the current file?
-
-Run the following to see what is currently configured:
-
-```vim
-:ALEInfo
-```
--- a/after/plugin/ale.vim
+++ b/after/plugin/ale.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+" Author: w0rp <devw0rp@gmail.com>
+" Description: Follow-up checks for the plugin: warn about conflicting plugins.
+
+" A flag for ensuring that this is not run more than one time.
+if exists('g:loaded_ale_after')
+    finish
+endif
+
+" Set the flag so this file is not run more than one time.
+let g:loaded_ale_after = 1
+
+" Check if the flag is available and set to 0 to disable checking for and
+" emitting conflicting plugin warnings.
+if exists('g:ale_emit_conflict_warnings') && !g:ale_emit_conflict_warnings
+    finish
+endif
+
+" Conflicting Plugins Checks
+
+function! s:GetConflictingPluginWarning(plugin_name) abort
+    return 'ALE conflicts with ' . a:plugin_name
+    \   . '. Uninstall it, or disable this warning with '
+    \   . '`let g:ale_emit_conflict_warnings = 0` in your vimrc file, '
+    \   . '*before* plugins are loaded.'
+endfunction
+
+if exists('g:loaded_syntastic_plugin')
+    throw s:GetConflictingPluginWarning('Syntastic')
+endif
+
+if exists('g:loaded_neomake')
+    throw s:GetConflictingPluginWarning('Neomake')
+endif
+
+if exists('g:loaded_validator_plugin')
+    throw s:GetConflictingPluginWarning('Validator')
+endif
--- a/ale_linters/ada/gcc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/ada/gcc.vim
@@ -1,54 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Martino Pilia <martino.pilia@gmail.com>
-" Description: Lint Ada files with GCC
-
-call ale#Set('ada_gcc_executable', 'gcc')
-
-" -gnatwa: activate most optional warnings
-" -gnatq: try semantic analysis even if syntax errors have been found
-call ale#Set('ada_gcc_options', '-gnatwa -gnatq')
-
-function! ale_linters#ada#gcc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    " Build a suitable output file name. The output file is specified because
-    " the .ali file may be created even if no code generation is attempted.
-    " The output file name must match the source file name (except for the
-    " extension), so here we cannot use the null file as output.
-    let l:tmp_dir = fnamemodify(ale#command#CreateDirectory(a:buffer), ':p')
-    let l:out_file = l:tmp_dir . fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':t:r') . '.o'
-
-    " -gnatc: Check syntax and semantics only (no code generation attempted)
-    return '%e -x ada -c -gnatc'
-    \   . ' -o ' . ale#Escape(l:out_file)
-    \   . ' -I ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h'))
-    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'ada_gcc_options'))
-    \   . ' %t'
-endfunction
-
-" For the message format please refer to:
-"   https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gnat_ugn/Output-and-Error-Message-Control.html
-"   https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gnat_ugn/Warning-Message-Control.html
-function! ale_linters#ada#gcc#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
-    " Error format: <filename>:<lnum>:<col>: <text>
-    " Warning format: <filename>:<lnum>:<col>: warning: <text>
-    let l:re = '\v(.+):([0-9]+):([0-9]+):\s+(warning:)?\s*(.+)\s*'
-    let l:output = []
-
-    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:re)
-        call add(l:output, {
-        \   'bufnr': a:buffer,
-        \   'lnum': str2nr(l:match[2]),
-        \   'col': str2nr(l:match[3]),
-        \   'type': l:match[4] is# 'warning:' ? 'W' : 'E',
-        \   'text': l:match[5],
-        \})
-    endfor
-
-    return l:output
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('ada', {
-\   'name': 'gcc',
-\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'ada_gcc_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#ada#gcc#GetCommand'),
-\   'callback': 'ale_linters#ada#gcc#Handle',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/ansible/ansible_lint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/ansible/ansible_lint.vim
@@ -1,12 +1,6 @@
 " Author: Bjorn Neergaard <bjorn@neersighted.com>
 " Description: ansible-lint for ansible-yaml files

-call ale#Set('ansible_ansible_lint_executable', 'ansible-lint')
-
-function! ale_linters#ansible#ansible_lint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'ansible_ansible_lint_executable')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#ansible#ansible_lint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    for l:line in a:lines[:10]
        if match(l:line, '^Traceback') >= 0
@@ -48,9 +42,8 @@ function! ale_linters#ansible#ansible_lint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('ansible', {
-\   'name': 'ansible_lint',
-\   'aliases': ['ansible', 'ansible-lint'],
-\   'executable': function('ale_linters#ansible#ansible_lint#GetExecutable'),
-\   'command': '%e -p %t',
+\   'name': 'ansible',
+\   'executable': 'ansible',
+\   'command': 'ansible-lint -p %t',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#ansible#ansible_lint#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/apiblueprint/drafter.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/apiblueprint/drafter.vim
@@ -16,12 +16,10 @@ function! ale_linters#apiblueprint#drafter#HandleErrors(buffer, lines) abort
        \   'lnum': l:match[3] + 0,
        \   'col': l:match[4] + 0,
        \}
-
        if l:match[5] isnot# ''
            let l:item.end_lnum = l:match[6] + 0
            let l:item.end_col = l:match[7] + 0
        endif
-
        call add(l:output, l:item)
    endfor

@@ -33,6 +31,6 @@ call ale#linter#Define('apiblueprint', {
 \   'name': 'drafter',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'executable': 'drafter',
-\   'command': 'drafter --use-line-num --validate',
+\   'command': 'drafter --use-line-num --validate %t',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#apiblueprint#drafter#HandleErrors',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/asciidoc/alex.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/asciidoc/alex.vim
@@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
 " Author: Johannes Wienke <languitar@semipol.de>
 " Description: alex for asciidoc files

-call ale#handlers#alex#DefineLinter('asciidoc', '--text')
+call ale#linter#Define('help', {
+\   'name': 'alex',
+\   'executable': 'alex',
+\   'command': 'alex %s -t',
+\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#alex#Handle',
+\   'lint_file': 1,
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/asciidoc/textlint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/asciidoc/textlint.vim
@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-" Author: TANIGUCHI Masaya <ta2gch@gmail.com>
-" Description: textlint for AsciiDoc files
-
-call ale#linter#Define('asciidoc', {
-\   'name': 'textlint',
-\   'executable': function('ale#handlers#textlint#GetExecutable'),
-\   'command': function('ale#handlers#textlint#GetCommand'),
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#textlint#HandleTextlintOutput',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/asciidoc/vale.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/asciidoc/vale.vim
@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Jeff Kreeftmeijer https://github.com/jeffkreeftmeijer
-" Description: vale for AsciiDoc files
-
-call ale#linter#Define('asciidoc', {
-\   'name': 'vale',
-\   'executable': 'vale',
-\   'command': 'vale --output=line %t',
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#unix#HandleAsWarning',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/asciidoc/write-good.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/asciidoc/write-good.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
+" Description: write-good for AsciiDoc files
+
+call ale#linter#Define('asciidoc', {
+\   'name': 'write-good',
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetCommand',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#Handle',
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/asciidoc/writegood.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/asciidoc/writegood.vim
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
-" Description: write-good for AsciiDoc files
-
-call ale#handlers#writegood#DefineLinter('asciidoc')
--- a/ale_linters/asm/gcc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/asm/gcc.vim
@@ -4,13 +4,15 @@
 call ale#Set('asm_gcc_executable', 'gcc')
 call ale#Set('asm_gcc_options', '-Wall')

+function! ale_linters#asm#gcc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'asm_gcc_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#asm#gcc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    " `-o /dev/null` or `-o null` is needed to catch all errors,
-    " -fsyntax-only doesn't catch everything.
-    return '%e -x assembler'
-    \   . ' -o ' . g:ale#util#nul_file
-    \   . '-iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h'))
-    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'asm_gcc_options') . ' -'
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#asm#gcc#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \    . ' -x assembler -fsyntax-only '
+    \    . '-iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h'))
+    \    . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'asm_gcc_options') . ' -'
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#asm#gcc#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
@@ -31,7 +33,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('asm', {
 \    'name': 'gcc',
 \    'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\    'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'asm_gcc_executable')},
-\    'command': function('ale_linters#asm#gcc#GetCommand'),
+\    'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#asm#gcc#GetExecutable',
+\    'command_callback': 'ale_linters#asm#gcc#GetCommand',
 \    'callback': 'ale_linters#asm#gcc#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/awk/gawk.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/awk/gawk.vim
@@ -1,22 +1,30 @@
 " Author: kmarc <korondi.mark@gmail.com>
 " Description: This file adds support for using GNU awk with sripts.

-call ale#Set('awk_gawk_executable', 'gawk')
-call ale#Set('awk_gawk_options', '')
+let g:ale_awk_gawk_executable =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_awk_gawk_executable', 'gawk')
+
+let g:ale_awk_gawk_options =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_awk_gawk_options', '')
+
+function! ale_linters#awk#gawk#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'awk_gawk_executable')
+endfunction

 function! ale_linters#awk#gawk#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    " note the --source 'BEGIN ...' is to prevent
    " gawk from attempting to execute the body of the script
    " it is linting.
-    return '%e --source ' . ale#Escape('BEGIN { exit } END { exit 1 }')
-    \   .  ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'awk_gawk_options'))
-    \   . ' -f %t --lint /dev/null'
+    return ale_linters#awk#gawk#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+    \   . " --source 'BEGIN { exit } END { exit 1 }'"
+    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'awk_gawk_options')
+    \   . ' ' . '-f %t --lint /dev/null'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('awk', {
 \   'name': 'gawk',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'awk_gawk_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#awk#gawk#GetCommand'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#awk#gawk#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#awk#gawk#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gawk#HandleGawkFormat',
 \   'output_stream': 'both'
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/bats/shellcheck.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/bats/shellcheck.vim
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Ian2020 <https://github.com/Ian2020>
-" Description: shellcheck linter for bats scripts.
-
-call ale#handlers#shellcheck#DefineLinter('bats')
--- a/ale_linters/bib/bibclean.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/bib/bibclean.vim
@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Horacio Sanson - https://github.com/hsanson
-" Description: Support for bibclean linter for BibTeX files.
-
-call ale#Set('bib_bibclean_executable', 'bibclean')
-
-function! ale_linters#bib#bibclean#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:executable = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'bib_bibclean_executable')
-
-    return ale#Escape(l:executable) . ' -file-position '
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#bib#bibclean#get_type(str) abort
-    if a:str is# '??'
-        return 'E'
-    else
-        return 'W'
-    endif
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#bib#bibclean#match_msg(line) abort
-    return matchlist(a:line, '^\(.*\) "stdin", line \(.*\): \(.*\)$')
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#bib#bibclean#match_entry(line) abort
-    return matchlist(a:line, 'Entry   input byte=.* line=\(.*\) column=\(.*\) output .*$')
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#bib#bibclean#match_value(line) abort
-    return matchlist(a:line, 'Value   input byte=.* line=\(.*\) column=\(.*\) output .*$')
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#bib#bibclean#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
-    let l:output = []
-
-    let l:type = 'E'
-    let l:msg  = ''
-
-    for l:line in a:lines
-        if empty(l:msg)
-            let l:mlist = ale_linters#bib#bibclean#match_msg(l:line)
-
-            if !empty(l:mlist)
-                let l:msg = l:mlist[3]
-                let l:type = ale_linters#bib#bibclean#get_type(l:mlist[1])
-            endif
-        else
-            if l:type is# 'E'
-                let l:mlist = ale_linters#bib#bibclean#match_entry(l:line)
-            else
-                let l:mlist = ale_linters#bib#bibclean#match_value(l:line)
-            endif
-
-            if !empty(l:mlist)
-                call add(l:output, {
-                \ 'lnum': l:mlist[1],
-                \ 'col': l:mlist[2],
-                \ 'text': l:msg,
-                \ 'type': l:type
-                \})
-
-                let l:msg = ''
-            endif
-        endif
-    endfor
-
-    return l:output
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('bib', {
-\   'name': 'bibclean',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'bib_bibclean_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#bib#bibclean#GetCommand'),
-\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'callback': 'ale_linters#bib#bibclean#Handle',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/c/ccls.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/c/ccls.vim
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Ye Jingchen <ye.jingchen@gmail.com>, Ben Falconer <ben@falconers.me.uk>, jtalowell <jtalowell@protonmail.com>
-" Description: A language server for C
-
-call ale#Set('c_ccls_executable', 'ccls')
-call ale#Set('c_ccls_init_options', {})
-
-call ale#linter#Define('c', {
-\   'name': 'ccls',
-\   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'c_ccls_executable')},
-\   'command': '%e',
-\   'project_root': function('ale#handlers#ccls#GetProjectRoot'),
-\   'initialization_options': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'c_ccls_init_options')},
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/c/clang.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/c/clang.vim
@@ -4,21 +4,26 @@
 call ale#Set('c_clang_executable', 'clang')
 call ale#Set('c_clang_options', '-std=c11 -Wall')

-function! ale_linters#c#clang#GetCommand(buffer, output) abort
-    let l:cflags = ale#c#GetCFlags(a:buffer, a:output)
+function! ale_linters#c#clang#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clang_executable')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#c#clang#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:paths = ale#c#FindLocalHeaderPaths(a:buffer)

    " -iquote with the directory the file is in makes #include work for
    "  headers in the same directory.
-    return '%e -S -x c -fsyntax-only'
-    \   . ' -iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h'))
-    \   . ale#Pad(l:cflags)
-    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clang_options')) . ' -'
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#c#clang#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' -S -x c -fsyntax-only '
+    \   . '-iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h')) . ' '
+    \   . ale#c#IncludeOptions(l:paths)
+    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clang_options') . ' -'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('c', {
 \   'name': 'clang',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'c_clang_executable')},
-\   'command': {b -> ale#c#RunMakeCommand(b, function('ale_linters#c#clang#GetCommand'))},
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormatWithIncludes',
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#c#clang#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#c#clang#GetCommand',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/c/clangd.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/c/clangd.vim
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Andrey Melentyev <andrey.melentyev@protonmail.com>
-" Description: Clangd language server
-
-call ale#Set('c_clangd_executable', 'clangd')
-call ale#Set('c_clangd_options', '')
-call ale#Set('c_build_dir', '')
-
-function! ale_linters#c#clangd#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:build_dir = ale#c#GetBuildDirectory(a:buffer)
-
-    return '%e'
-    \    . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clangd_options'))
-    \    . (!empty(l:build_dir) ? ' -compile-commands-dir=' . ale#Escape(l:build_dir) : '')
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('c', {
-\   'name': 'clangd',
-\   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'c_clangd_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#c#clangd#GetCommand'),
-\   'project_root': function('ale#c#FindProjectRoot'),
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/c/clangtidy.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/c/clangtidy.vim
@@ -10,33 +10,45 @@ call ale#Set('c_clangtidy_executable', 'clang-tidy')
 " Consult the check list in clang-tidy's documentation:
 " http://clang.llvm.org/extra/clang-tidy/checks/list.html

-call ale#Set('c_clangtidy_checks', [])
-" Set this option to manually set some options for clang-tidy to use as compile
-" flags.
+call ale#Set('c_clangtidy_checks', ['*'])
+" Set this option to manually set some options for clang-tidy.
 " This will disable compile_commands.json detection.
 call ale#Set('c_clangtidy_options', '')
-" Set this option to manually set options for clang-tidy directly.
-call ale#Set('c_clangtidy_extra_options', '')
 call ale#Set('c_build_dir', '')

-function! ale_linters#c#clangtidy#GetCommand(buffer, output) abort
-    let l:checks = join(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clangtidy_checks'), ',')
-    let l:build_dir = ale#c#GetBuildDirectory(a:buffer)
-    let l:options = ''
+function! ale_linters#c#clangtidy#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clangtidy_executable')
+endfunction

-    " Get the extra options if we couldn't find a build directory.
-    if empty(l:build_dir)
-        let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clangtidy_options')
-        let l:cflags = ale#c#GetCFlags(a:buffer, a:output)
-        let l:options .= !empty(l:options) ? ale#Pad(l:cflags) : l:cflags
+function! s:GetBuildDirectory(buffer) abort
+    " Don't include build directory for header files, as compile_commands.json
+    " files don't consider headers to be translation units, and provide no
+    " commands for compiling header files.
+    if expand('#' . a:buffer) =~# '\v\.(h|hpp)$'
+        return ''
    endif

-    " Get the options to pass directly to clang-tidy
-    let l:extra_options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clangtidy_extra_options')
+    let l:build_dir = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_build_dir')

-    return '%e'
+    " c_build_dir has the priority if defined
+    if !empty(l:build_dir)
+        return l:build_dir
+    endif
+
+    return ale#c#FindCompileCommands(a:buffer)
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#c#clangtidy#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:checks = join(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clangtidy_checks'), ',')
+    let l:build_dir = s:GetBuildDirectory(a:buffer)
+
+    " Get the extra options if we couldn't find a build directory.
+    let l:options = empty(l:build_dir)
+    \   ? ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clangtidy_options')
+    \   : ''
+
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#c#clangtidy#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
    \   . (!empty(l:checks) ? ' -checks=' . ale#Escape(l:checks) : '')
-    \   . (!empty(l:extra_options) ? ' ' . ale#Escape(l:extra_options) : '')
    \   . ' %s'
    \   . (!empty(l:build_dir) ? ' -p ' . ale#Escape(l:build_dir) : '')
    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' -- ' . l:options : '')
@@ -45,8 +57,8 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('c', {
 \   'name': 'clangtidy',
 \   'output_stream': 'stdout',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'c_clangtidy_executable')},
-\   'command': {b -> ale#c#RunMakeCommand(b, function('ale_linters#c#clangtidy#GetCommand'))},
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#c#clangtidy#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#c#clangtidy#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/c/cppcheck.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/c/cppcheck.vim
@@ -4,25 +4,36 @@
 call ale#Set('c_cppcheck_executable', 'cppcheck')
 call ale#Set('c_cppcheck_options', '--enable=style')

+function! ale_linters#c#cppcheck#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_cppcheck_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#c#cppcheck#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:cd_command = ale#handlers#cppcheck#GetCdCommand(a:buffer)
-    let l:compile_commands_option = ale#handlers#cppcheck#GetCompileCommandsOptions(a:buffer)
-    let l:buffer_path_include = empty(l:compile_commands_option)
-    \   ? ale#handlers#cppcheck#GetBufferPathIncludeOptions(a:buffer)
+    " Search upwards from the file for compile_commands.json.
+    "
+    " If we find it, we'll `cd` to where the compile_commands.json file is,
+    " then use the file to set up import paths, etc.
+    let l:compile_commmands_path = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'compile_commands.json')
+
+    let l:cd_command = !empty(l:compile_commmands_path)
+    \   ? ale#path#CdString(fnamemodify(l:compile_commmands_path, ':h'))
+    \   : ''
+    let l:compile_commands_option = !empty(l:compile_commmands_path)
+    \   ? '--project=compile_commands.json '
    \   : ''

    return l:cd_command
-    \   . '%e -q --language=c'
-    \   . ale#Pad(l:compile_commands_option)
-    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_cppcheck_options'))
-    \   . l:buffer_path_include
+    \   . ale#Escape(ale_linters#c#cppcheck#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' -q --language=c '
+    \   . l:compile_commands_option
+    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_cppcheck_options')
    \   . ' %t'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('c', {
 \   'name': 'cppcheck',
 \   'output_stream': 'both',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'c_cppcheck_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#c#cppcheck#GetCommand'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#c#cppcheck#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#c#cppcheck#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#cppcheck#HandleCppCheckFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/c/cquery.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/c/cquery.vim
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Ben Falconer <ben@falconers.me.uk>, jtalowell <jtalowell@protonmail.com>
-" Description: A language server for C
-
-call ale#Set('c_cquery_executable', 'cquery')
-call ale#Set('c_cquery_cache_directory', expand('~/.cache/cquery'))
-
-function! ale_linters#c#cquery#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
-    " Try to find cquery configuration files first.
-    let l:config = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, '.cquery')
-
-    if !empty(l:config)
-        return fnamemodify(l:config, ':h')
-    endif
-
-    " Fall back on default project root detection.
-    return ale#c#FindProjectRoot(a:buffer)
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#c#cquery#GetInitializationOptions(buffer) abort
-    return {'cacheDirectory': ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_cquery_cache_directory')}
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('c', {
-\   'name': 'cquery',
-\   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'c_cquery_executable')},
-\   'command': '%e',
-\   'project_root': function('ale_linters#c#cquery#GetProjectRoot'),
-\   'initialization_options': function('ale_linters#c#cquery#GetInitializationOptions'),
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/c/flawfinder.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/c/flawfinder.vim
@@ -6,20 +6,26 @@ call ale#Set('c_flawfinder_options', '')
 call ale#Set('c_flawfinder_minlevel', 1)
 call ale#Set('c_flawfinder_error_severity', 6)

-function! ale_linters#c#flawfinder#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    " Set the minimum vulnerability level for flawfinder to bother with
-    let l:minlevel = ' --minlevel=' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_flawfinder_minlevel')
+function! ale_linters#c#flawfinder#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+   return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_flawfinder_executable')
+endfunction

-    return '%e -CDQS'
-    \  . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_flawfinder_options'))
-    \  . l:minlevel
-    \  . ' %t'
+function! ale_linters#c#flawfinder#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+
+   " Set the minimum vulnerability level for flawfinder to bother with
+   let l:minlevel = ' --minlevel=' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_flawfinder_minlevel')
+
+   return ale#Escape(ale_linters#c#flawfinder#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+   \  . ' -CDQS'
+   \  . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_flawfinder_options')
+   \  . l:minlevel
+   \  . ' %t'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('c', {
 \  'name': 'flawfinder',
 \  'output_stream': 'stdout',
-\  'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'c_flawfinder_executable')},
-\  'command': function('ale_linters#c#flawfinder#GetCommand'),
+\  'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#c#flawfinder#GetExecutable',
+\  'command_callback': 'ale_linters#c#flawfinder#GetCommand',
 \  'callback': 'ale#handlers#flawfinder#HandleFlawfinderFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/c/gcc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/c/gcc.vim
@@ -4,25 +4,26 @@
 call ale#Set('c_gcc_executable', 'gcc')
 call ale#Set('c_gcc_options', '-std=c11 -Wall')

-function! ale_linters#c#gcc#GetCommand(buffer, output) abort
-    let l:cflags = ale#c#GetCFlags(a:buffer, a:output)
+function! ale_linters#c#gcc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_gcc_executable')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#c#gcc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:paths = ale#c#FindLocalHeaderPaths(a:buffer)

    " -iquote with the directory the file is in makes #include work for
    "  headers in the same directory.
-    "
-    " `-o /dev/null` or `-o null` is needed to catch all errors,
-    " -fsyntax-only doesn't catch everything.
-    return '%e -S -x c'
-    \   . ' -o ' . g:ale#util#nul_file
-    \   . ' -iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h'))
-    \   . ale#Pad(l:cflags)
-    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_gcc_options')) . ' -'
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#c#gcc#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' -S -x c -fsyntax-only '
+    \   . '-iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h')) . ' '
+    \   . ale#c#IncludeOptions(l:paths)
+    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_gcc_options') . ' -'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('c', {
 \   'name': 'gcc',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'c_gcc_executable')},
-\   'command': {b -> ale#c#RunMakeCommand(b, function('ale_linters#c#gcc#GetCommand'))},
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormatWithIncludes',
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#c#gcc#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#c#gcc#GetCommand',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/chef/cookstyle.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/chef/cookstyle.vim
@@ -1,54 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Raphael Hoegger - https://github.com/pfuender
-" Description: Cookstyle (RuboCop based), a code style analyzer for Ruby files
-
-call ale#Set('chef_cookstyle_executable', 'cookstyle')
-call ale#Set('chef_cookstyle_options', '')
-
-function! ale_linters#chef#cookstyle#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'chef_cookstyle_options')
-
-    return '%e' . ale#Pad(escape(l:options, '~')) . ' --force-exclusion --format json --stdin ' . ' %s'
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#chef#cookstyle#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
-    if len(a:lines) == 0
-        return []
-    endif
-
-    let l:errors = ale#util#FuzzyJSONDecode(a:lines[0], {})
-
-    if !has_key(l:errors, 'summary')
-    \|| l:errors['summary']['offense_count'] == 0
-    \|| empty(l:errors['files'])
-        return []
-    endif
-
-    let l:output = []
-
-    for l:error in l:errors['files'][0]['offenses']
-        let l:start_col = str2nr(l:error['location']['start_column'])
-        let l:end_col = str2nr(l:error['location']['last_column'])
-
-        if !l:end_col
-            let l:end_col = l:start_col + 1
-        endif
-
-        call add(l:output, {
-        \   'lnum': str2nr(l:error['location']['line']),
-        \   'col': l:start_col,
-        \   'end_col': l:end_col,
-        \   'code': l:error['cop_name'],
-        \   'text': l:error['message'],
-        \   'type': l:error['severity'] is? 'convention' ? 'W' : 'E',
-        \})
-    endfor
-
-    return l:output
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('chef', {
-\   'name': 'cookstyle',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'chef_cookstyle_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#chef#cookstyle#GetCommand'),
-\   'callback': 'ale_linters#chef#cookstyle#Handle',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/chef/foodcritic.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/chef/foodcritic.vim
@@ -6,10 +6,17 @@
 call ale#Set('chef_foodcritic_executable', 'foodcritic')
 call ale#Set('chef_foodcritic_options', '')

+function! ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'chef_foodcritic_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'chef_foodcritic_options')

-    return '%e' . ale#Pad(escape(l:options, '~')) . ' %s'
+    return ale#Escape(l:executable)
+    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . escape(l:options, '~') : '')
+    \   . ' %s'
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
@@ -34,8 +41,8 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('chef', {
 \   'name': 'foodcritic',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'chef_foodcritic_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#GetCommand'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#Handle',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/clojure/clj_kondo.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/clojure/clj_kondo.vim
@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Masashi Iizuka <liquidz.uo@gmail.com>
-" Description: linter for clojure using clj-kondo https://github.com/borkdude/clj-kondo
-
-function! ale_linters#clojure#clj_kondo#HandleCljKondoFormat(buffer, lines) abort
-    " output format
-    " <filename>:<line>:<column>: <issue type>: <message>
-    let l:pattern = '\v^[a-zA-Z]?:?[^:]+:(\d+):(\d+):? ((Exception|error|warning): ?(.+))$'
-    let l:output = []
-
-    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
-        let l:type = 'E'
-
-        if l:match[4] is? 'warning'
-            let l:type = 'W'
-        endif
-
-        call add(l:output, {
-        \   'lnum': l:match[1] + 0,
-        \   'col': l:match[2] + 0,
-        \   'text': l:match[3],
-        \   'type': l:type,
-        \})
-    endfor
-
-    return l:output
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('clojure', {
-\   'name': 'clj-kondo',
-\   'output_stream': 'stdout',
-\   'executable': 'clj-kondo',
-\   'command': 'clj-kondo --cache --lint %t',
-\   'callback': 'ale_linters#clojure#clj_kondo#HandleCljKondoFormat',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/clojure/joker.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/clojure/joker.vim
@@ -9,11 +9,9 @@ function! ale_linters#clojure#joker#HandleJokerFormat(buffer, lines) abort

    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
        let l:type = 'E'
-
        if l:match[4] is? 'Parse warning'
-            let l:type = 'W'
+          let l:type = 'W'
        endif
-
        call add(l:output, {
        \   'lnum': l:match[1] + 0,
        \   'col': l:match[2] + 0,
@@ -29,6 +27,6 @@ call ale#linter#Define('clojure', {
 \   'name': 'joker',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'executable': 'joker',
-\   'command': 'joker --working-dir %s --lint %t',
+\   'command': 'joker --lint %t',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#clojure#joker#HandleJokerFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cloudformation/cfn_python_lint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cloudformation/cfn_python_lint.vim
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Yasuhiro Kiyota <yasuhiroki.duck@gmail.com>
-" Description: Support cfn-python-lint for AWS Cloudformation template file
-
-function! ale_linters#cloudformation#cfn_python_lint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
-    " Matches patterns line the following:
-    "
-    " sample.template.yaml:96:7:96:15:E3012:Property Resources/Sample/Properties/FromPort should be of type Integer
-    let l:pattern = '\v^(.*):(\d+):(\d+):(\d+):(\d+):([[:alnum:]]+):(.*)$'
-    let l:output = []
-
-    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
-        let l:code = l:match[6]
-
-        if ale#path#IsBufferPath(a:buffer, l:match[1])
-            call add(l:output, {
-            \   'lnum': l:match[2],
-            \   'col': l:match[3],
-            \   'end_lnum': l:match[4],
-            \   'end_col': l:match[5],
-            \   'code': l:code,
-            \   'type': l:code[:0] is# 'E' ? 'E' : 'W',
-            \   'text': l:match[7]
-            \})
-        endif
-    endfor
-
-    return l:output
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('cloudformation', {
-\   'name': 'cloudformation',
-\   'executable': 'cfn-lint',
-\   'command': 'cfn-lint --template %t --format parseable',
-\   'callback': 'ale_linters#cloudformation#cfn_python_lint#Handle',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/cmake/cmakelint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cmake/cmakelint.vim
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('cmake', {
 \   'name': 'cmakelint',
-\   'executable': function('ale_linters#cmake#cmakelint#Executable'),
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#cmake#cmakelint#Command'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cmake#cmakelint#Executable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cmake#cmakelint#Command',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#unix#HandleAsWarning',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/coffee/coffee.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/coffee/coffee.vim
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('coffee', {
 \   'name': 'coffee',
-\   'executable': function('ale_linters#coffee#coffee#GetExecutable'),
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#coffee#coffee#GetCommand'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#coffee#coffee#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#coffee#coffee#GetCommand',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/coffee/coffeelint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/coffee/coffeelint.vim
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('coffee', {
 \   'name': 'coffeelint',
-\   'executable': function('ale_linters#coffee#coffeelint#GetExecutable'),
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#coffee#coffeelint#GetCommand'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#coffee#coffeelint#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#coffee#coffeelint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#coffee#coffeelint#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/ccls.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/ccls.vim
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Ye Jingchen <ye.jingchen@gmail.com>, Ben Falconer <ben@falconers.me.uk>, jtalowell <jtalowell@protonmail.com>
-" Description: A language server for C++
-
-call ale#Set('cpp_ccls_executable', 'ccls')
-call ale#Set('cpp_ccls_init_options', {})
-
-call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
-\   'name': 'ccls',
-\   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'cpp_ccls_executable')},
-\   'command': '%e',
-\   'project_root': function('ale#handlers#ccls#GetProjectRoot'),
-\   'initialization_options': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'cpp_ccls_init_options')},
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/clang.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/clang.vim
@@ -4,21 +4,26 @@
 call ale#Set('cpp_clang_executable', 'clang++')
 call ale#Set('cpp_clang_options', '-std=c++14 -Wall')

-function! ale_linters#cpp#clang#GetCommand(buffer, output) abort
-    let l:cflags = ale#c#GetCFlags(a:buffer, a:output)
+function! ale_linters#cpp#clang#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clang_executable')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#cpp#clang#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:paths = ale#c#FindLocalHeaderPaths(a:buffer)

    " -iquote with the directory the file is in makes #include work for
    "  headers in the same directory.
-    return '%e -S -x c++ -fsyntax-only'
-    \   . ' -iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h'))
-    \   . ale#Pad(l:cflags)
-    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clang_options')) . ' -'
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#cpp#clang#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' -S -x c++ -fsyntax-only '
+    \   . '-iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h')) . ' '
+    \   . ale#c#IncludeOptions(l:paths)
+    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clang_options') . ' -'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \   'name': 'clang',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'cpp_clang_executable')},
-\   'command': {b -> ale#c#RunMakeCommand(b, function('ale_linters#cpp#clang#GetCommand'))},
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormatWithIncludes',
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#clang#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#clang#GetCommand',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/clangcheck.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/clangcheck.vim
@@ -5,6 +5,10 @@ call ale#Set('cpp_clangcheck_executable', 'clang-check')
 call ale#Set('cpp_clangcheck_options', '')
 call ale#Set('c_build_dir', '')

+function! ale_linters#cpp#clangcheck#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangcheck_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#cpp#clangcheck#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:user_options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangcheck_options')

@@ -12,24 +16,24 @@ function! ale_linters#cpp#clangcheck#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:build_dir = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_build_dir')

    if empty(l:build_dir)
-        let [l:root, l:json_file] = ale#c#FindCompileCommands(a:buffer)
-        let l:build_dir = ale#path#Dirname(l:json_file)
+        let l:build_dir = ale#c#FindCompileCommands(a:buffer)
    endif

    " The extra arguments in the command are used to prevent .plist files from
    " being generated. These are only added if no build directory can be
    " detected.
-    return '%e -analyze %s'
-    \   . (empty(l:build_dir) ? ' --extra-arg=-Xclang --extra-arg=-analyzer-output=text --extra-arg=-fno-color-diagnostics': '')
-    \   . ale#Pad(l:user_options)
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#cpp#clangcheck#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' -analyze %s'
+    \   . (empty(l:build_dir) ? ' -extra-arg -Xclang -extra-arg -analyzer-output=text' : '')
+    \   . (!empty(l:user_options) ? ' ' . l:user_options : '')
    \   . (!empty(l:build_dir) ? ' -p ' . ale#Escape(l:build_dir) : '')
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \   'name': 'clangcheck',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'cpp_clangcheck_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#cpp#clangcheck#GetCommand'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#clangcheck#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#clangcheck#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/clangd.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/clangd.vim
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Andrey Melentyev <andrey.melentyev@protonmail.com>
-" Description: Clangd language server
-
-call ale#Set('cpp_clangd_executable', 'clangd')
-call ale#Set('cpp_clangd_options', '')
-call ale#Set('c_build_dir', '')
-
-function! ale_linters#cpp#clangd#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:build_dir = ale#c#GetBuildDirectory(a:buffer)
-
-    return '%e'
-    \    . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangd_options'))
-    \    . (!empty(l:build_dir) ? ' -compile-commands-dir=' . ale#Escape(l:build_dir) : '')
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
-\   'name': 'clangd',
-\   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'cpp_clangd_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#cpp#clangd#GetCommand'),
-\   'project_root': function('ale#c#FindProjectRoot'),
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/clangtidy.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/clangtidy.vim
@@ -4,33 +4,45 @@

 call ale#Set('cpp_clangtidy_executable', 'clang-tidy')
 " Set this option to check the checks clang-tidy will apply.
-call ale#Set('cpp_clangtidy_checks', [])
-" Set this option to manually set some options for clang-tidy to use as compile
-" flags.
+call ale#Set('cpp_clangtidy_checks', ['*'])
+" Set this option to manually set some options for clang-tidy.
 " This will disable compile_commands.json detection.
 call ale#Set('cpp_clangtidy_options', '')
-" Set this option to manually set options for clang-tidy directly.
-call ale#Set('cpp_clangtidy_extra_options', '')
 call ale#Set('c_build_dir', '')

-function! ale_linters#cpp#clangtidy#GetCommand(buffer, output) abort
-    let l:checks = join(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangtidy_checks'), ',')
-    let l:build_dir = ale#c#GetBuildDirectory(a:buffer)
-    let l:options = ''
+function! ale_linters#cpp#clangtidy#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangtidy_executable')
+endfunction

-    " Get the extra options if we couldn't find a build directory.
-    if empty(l:build_dir)
-        let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangtidy_options')
-        let l:cflags = ale#c#GetCFlags(a:buffer, a:output)
-        let l:options .= !empty(l:options) ? ale#Pad(l:cflags) : l:cflags
+function! s:GetBuildDirectory(buffer) abort
+    " Don't include build directory for header files, as compile_commands.json
+    " files don't consider headers to be translation units, and provide no
+    " commands for compiling header files.
+    if expand('#' . a:buffer) =~# '\v\.(h|hpp)$'
+        return ''
    endif

-    " Get the options to pass directly to clang-tidy
-    let l:extra_options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangtidy_extra_options')
+    let l:build_dir = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_build_dir')

-    return '%e'
+    " c_build_dir has the priority if defined
+    if !empty(l:build_dir)
+        return l:build_dir
+    endif
+
+    return ale#c#FindCompileCommands(a:buffer)
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#cpp#clangtidy#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:checks = join(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangtidy_checks'), ',')
+    let l:build_dir = s:GetBuildDirectory(a:buffer)
+
+    " Get the extra options if we couldn't find a build directory.
+    let l:options = empty(l:build_dir)
+    \   ? ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangtidy_options')
+    \   : ''
+
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#cpp#clangtidy#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
    \   . (!empty(l:checks) ? ' -checks=' . ale#Escape(l:checks) : '')
-    \   . (!empty(l:extra_options) ? ' ' . ale#Escape(l:extra_options) : '')
    \   . ' %s'
    \   . (!empty(l:build_dir) ? ' -p ' . ale#Escape(l:build_dir) : '')
    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' -- ' . l:options : '')
@@ -39,8 +51,8 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \   'name': 'clangtidy',
 \   'output_stream': 'stdout',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'cpp_clangtidy_executable')},
-\   'command': {b -> ale#c#RunMakeCommand(b, function('ale_linters#cpp#clangtidy#GetCommand'))},
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#clangtidy#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#clangtidy#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/clazy.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/clazy.vim
@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-" Description: clazy linter for cpp files (clang-based and Qt-oriented)
-
-call ale#Set('cpp_clazy_executable', 'clazy-standalone')
-" Set this option to check the checks clazy will apply.
-call ale#Set('cpp_clazy_checks', ['level1'])
-" Set this option to manually set some options for clazy.
-" This will disable compile_commands.json detection.
-call ale#Set('cpp_clazy_options', '')
-call ale#Set('c_build_dir', '')
-
-function! ale_linters#cpp#clazy#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:checks = join(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clazy_checks'), ',')
-    let l:build_dir = ale#c#GetBuildDirectory(a:buffer)
-
-    " Get the extra options if we couldn't find a build directory.
-    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clazy_options')
-
-    return '%e'
-    \   . (!empty(l:checks) ? ' -checks=' . ale#Escape(l:checks) : '')
-    \   . (!empty(l:build_dir) ? ' -p ' . ale#Escape(l:build_dir) : '')
-    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
-    \   . ' %s'
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
-\   'name': 'clazy',
-\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'cpp_clazy_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#cpp#clazy#GetCommand'),
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
-\   'lint_file': 1,
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/cppcheck.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/cppcheck.vim
@@ -4,25 +4,36 @@
 call ale#Set('cpp_cppcheck_executable', 'cppcheck')
 call ale#Set('cpp_cppcheck_options', '--enable=style')

+function! ale_linters#cpp#cppcheck#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cppcheck_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#cpp#cppcheck#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:cd_command = ale#handlers#cppcheck#GetCdCommand(a:buffer)
-    let l:compile_commands_option = ale#handlers#cppcheck#GetCompileCommandsOptions(a:buffer)
-    let l:buffer_path_include = empty(l:compile_commands_option)
-    \   ? ale#handlers#cppcheck#GetBufferPathIncludeOptions(a:buffer)
+    " Search upwards from the file for compile_commands.json.
+    "
+    " If we find it, we'll `cd` to where the compile_commands.json file is,
+    " then use the file to set up import paths, etc.
+    let l:compile_commmands_path = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'compile_commands.json')
+
+    let l:cd_command = !empty(l:compile_commmands_path)
+    \   ? ale#path#CdString(fnamemodify(l:compile_commmands_path, ':h'))
+    \   : ''
+    let l:compile_commands_option = !empty(l:compile_commmands_path)
+    \   ? '--project=compile_commands.json '
    \   : ''

    return l:cd_command
-    \   . '%e -q --language=c++'
-    \   . ale#Pad(l:compile_commands_option)
-    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cppcheck_options'))
-    \   . l:buffer_path_include
+    \   . ale#Escape(ale_linters#cpp#cppcheck#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' -q --language=c++ '
+    \   . l:compile_commands_option
+    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cppcheck_options')
    \   . ' %t'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \   'name': 'cppcheck',
 \   'output_stream': 'both',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'cpp_cppcheck_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#cpp#cppcheck#GetCommand'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#cppcheck#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#cppcheck#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#cppcheck#HandleCppCheckFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/cpplint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/cpplint.vim
@@ -4,17 +4,23 @@
 call ale#Set('cpp_cpplint_executable', 'cpplint')
 call ale#Set('cpp_cpplint_options', '')

+function! ale_linters#cpp#cpplint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cpplint_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#cpp#cpplint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cpplint_options')

-    return '%e' . ale#Pad(l:options) . ' %s'
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#cpp#cpplint#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
+    \   . ' %s'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \   'name': 'cpplint',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'cpp_cpplint_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#cpp#cpplint#GetCommand'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#cpplint#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#cpplint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#cpplint#HandleCppLintFormat',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/cquery.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/cquery.vim
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Ben Falconer <ben@falconers.me.uk>
-" Description: A language server for C++
-
-call ale#Set('cpp_cquery_executable', 'cquery')
-call ale#Set('cpp_cquery_cache_directory', expand('~/.cache/cquery'))
-
-function! ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
-    " Try to find cquery configuration files first.
-    let l:config = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, '.cquery')
-
-    if !empty(l:config)
-        return fnamemodify(l:config, ':h')
-    endif
-
-    " Fall back on default project root detection.
-    return ale#c#FindProjectRoot(a:buffer)
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetInitializationOptions(buffer) abort
-    return {'cacheDirectory': ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cquery_cache_directory')}
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
-\   'name': 'cquery',
-\   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'cpp_cquery_executable')},
-\   'command': '%e',
-\   'project_root': function('ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetProjectRoot'),
-\   'initialization_options': function('ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetInitializationOptions'),
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/flawfinder.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/flawfinder.vim
@@ -6,20 +6,26 @@ call ale#Set('cpp_flawfinder_options', '')
 call ale#Set('cpp_flawfinder_minlevel', 1)
 call ale#Set('c_flawfinder_error_severity', 6)

-function! ale_linters#cpp#flawfinder#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    " Set the minimum vulnerability level for flawfinder to bother with
-    let l:minlevel = ' --minlevel=' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_flawfinder_minlevel')
+function! ale_linters#cpp#flawfinder#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+   return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_flawfinder_executable')
+endfunction

-    return '%e -CDQS'
-    \  . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_flawfinder_options')
-    \  . l:minlevel
-    \  . ' %t'
+function! ale_linters#cpp#flawfinder#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+
+   " Set the minimum vulnerability level for flawfinder to bother with
+   let l:minlevel = ' --minlevel=' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_flawfinder_minlevel')
+
+   return ale#Escape(ale_linters#cpp#flawfinder#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+   \  . ' -CDQS'
+   \  . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_flawfinder_options')
+   \  . l:minlevel
+   \  . ' %t'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \  'name': 'flawfinder',
 \  'output_stream': 'stdout',
-\  'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'cpp_flawfinder_executable')},
-\  'command': function('ale_linters#cpp#flawfinder#GetCommand'),
+\  'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#flawfinder#GetExecutable',
+\  'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#flawfinder#GetCommand',
 \  'callback': 'ale#handlers#flawfinder#HandleFlawfinderFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/gcc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/gcc.vim
@@ -4,26 +4,26 @@
 call ale#Set('cpp_gcc_executable', 'gcc')
 call ale#Set('cpp_gcc_options', '-std=c++14 -Wall')

-function! ale_linters#cpp#gcc#GetCommand(buffer, output) abort
-    let l:cflags = ale#c#GetCFlags(a:buffer, a:output)
+function! ale_linters#cpp#gcc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_gcc_executable')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#cpp#gcc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:paths = ale#c#FindLocalHeaderPaths(a:buffer)

    " -iquote with the directory the file is in makes #include work for
    "  headers in the same directory.
-    "
-    " `-o /dev/null` or `-o null` is needed to catch all errors,
-    " -fsyntax-only doesn't catch everything.
-    return '%e -S -x c++'
-    \   . ' -o ' . g:ale#util#nul_file
-    \   . ' -iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h'))
-    \   . ale#Pad(l:cflags)
-    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_gcc_options')) . ' -'
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#cpp#gcc#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' -S -x c++ -fsyntax-only '
+    \   . '-iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h')) . ' '
+    \   . ale#c#IncludeOptions(l:paths)
+    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_gcc_options') . ' -'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
-\   'name': 'gcc',
-\   'aliases': ['g++'],
+\   'name': 'g++',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'cpp_gcc_executable')},
-\   'command': {b -> ale#c#RunMakeCommand(b, function('ale_linters#cpp#gcc#GetCommand'))},
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormatWithIncludes',
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#gcc#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#gcc#GetCommand',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/crystal/ameba.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/crystal/ameba.vim
@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Harrison Bachrach - https://github.com/HarrisonB
-" Description: Ameba, a linter for crystal files
-
-call ale#Set('crystal_ameba_executable', 'bin/ameba')
-
-function! ale_linters#crystal#ameba#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:executable = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'crystal_ameba_executable')
-
-    return ale#Escape(l:executable)
-    \   . ' --format json '
-    \   .  ale#Escape(expand('#' . a:buffer . ':p'))
-endfunction
-
-" Handle output from ameba
-function! ale_linters#crystal#ameba#HandleAmebaOutput(buffer, lines) abort
-    if len(a:lines) == 0
-        return []
-    endif
-
-    let l:errors = ale#util#FuzzyJSONDecode(a:lines[0], {})
-
-    if !has_key(l:errors, 'summary')
-    \|| l:errors['summary']['issues_count'] == 0
-    \|| empty(l:errors['sources'])
-        return []
-    endif
-
-    let l:output = []
-
-    for l:error in l:errors['sources'][0]['issues']
-        let l:start_col = str2nr(l:error['location']['column'])
-        let l:end_col = str2nr(l:error['end_location']['column'])
-
-        if !l:end_col
-            let l:end_col = l:start_col + 1
-        endif
-
-        call add(l:output, {
-        \   'lnum': str2nr(l:error['location']['line']),
-        \   'col': l:start_col,
-        \   'end_col': l:end_col,
-        \   'code': l:error['rule_name'],
-        \   'text': l:error['message'],
-        \   'type': 'W',
-        \})
-    endfor
-
-    return l:output
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('crystal', {
-\   'name': 'ameba',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'crystal_ameba_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#crystal#ameba#GetCommand'),
-\   'callback': 'ale_linters#crystal#ameba#HandleAmebaOutput',
-\   'lint_file': 1,
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/crystal/crystal.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/crystal/crystal.vim
@@ -5,10 +5,6 @@ function! ale_linters#crystal#crystal#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    let l:output = []

    for l:error in ale#util#FuzzyJSONDecode(a:lines, [])
-        if !has_key(l:error, 'file')
-            continue
-        endif
-
        call add(l:output, {
        \   'lnum': l:error.line + 0,
        \   'col': l:error.column + 0,
@@ -30,6 +26,6 @@ call ale#linter#Define('crystal', {
 \   'executable': 'crystal',
 \   'output_stream': 'both',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#crystal#crystal#GetCommand'),
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#crystal#crystal#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#crystal#crystal#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cs/csc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cs/csc.vim
@@ -1,95 +0,0 @@
-call ale#Set('cs_csc_options', '')
-call ale#Set('cs_csc_source', '')
-call ale#Set('cs_csc_assembly_path', [])
-call ale#Set('cs_csc_assemblies', [])
-
-function! s:GetWorkingDirectory(buffer) abort
-    let l:working_directory = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_csc_source')
-
-    if !empty(l:working_directory)
-        return l:working_directory
-    endif
-
-    return expand('#' . a:buffer . ':p:h')
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#cs#csc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    " Pass assembly paths via the -lib: parameter.
-    let l:path_list = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_csc_assembly_path')
-
-    let l:lib_option = !empty(l:path_list)
-    \   ? '/lib:' . join(map(copy(l:path_list), 'ale#Escape(v:val)'), ',')
-    \   : ''
-
-    " Pass paths to DLL files via the -r: parameter.
-    let l:assembly_list = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_csc_assemblies')
-
-    let l:r_option = !empty(l:assembly_list)
-    \   ? '/r:' . join(map(copy(l:assembly_list), 'ale#Escape(v:val)'), ',')
-    \   : ''
-
-    " register temporary module target file with ale
-    " register temporary module target file with ALE.
-    let l:out = ale#command#CreateFile(a:buffer)
-
-    " The code is compiled as a module and the output is redirected to a
-    " temporary file.
-    return ale#path#CdString(s:GetWorkingDirectory(a:buffer))
-    \    . 'csc /unsafe'
-    \    . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_csc_options'))
-    \    . ale#Pad(l:lib_option)
-    \    . ale#Pad(l:r_option)
-    \    . ' /out:' . l:out
-    \    . ' /t:module'
-    \    . ' /recurse:' . ale#Escape('*.cs')
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#cs#csc#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
-    " Look for lines like the following.
-    "
-    " Tests.cs(12,29): error CSXXXX: ; expected
-    "
-    " NOTE: pattern also captures file name as linter compiles all
-    " files within the source tree rooted at the specified source
-    " path and not just the file loaded in the buffer
-    let l:patterns = [
-    \    '^\v(.+\.cs)\((\d+),(\d+)\)\:\s+([^ ]+)\s+([cC][sS][^ ]+):\s(.+)$',
-    \    '^\v([^ ]+)\s+([Cc][sS][^ ]+):\s+(.+)$',
-    \]
-    let l:output = []
-
-    let l:dir = s:GetWorkingDirectory(a:buffer)
-
-    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:patterns)
-        if len(l:match) > 6 && strlen(l:match[5]) > 2 && l:match[5][:1] is? 'CS'
-            call add(l:output, {
-            \   'filename': ale#path#GetAbsPath(l:dir, l:match[1]),
-            \   'lnum': l:match[2] + 0,
-            \   'col': l:match[3] + 0,
-            \   'type': l:match[4] is# 'error' ? 'E' : 'W',
-            \   'code': l:match[5],
-            \   'text': l:match[6] ,
-            \})
-        elseif strlen(l:match[2]) > 2 && l:match[2][:1] is? 'CS'
-            call add(l:output, {
-            \   'filename':'<csc>',
-            \   'lnum': -1,
-            \   'col': -1,
-            \   'type': l:match[1] is# 'error' ? 'E' : 'W',
-            \   'code': l:match[2],
-            \   'text': l:match[3],
-            \})
-        endif
-    endfor
-
-    return l:output
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('cs',{
-\   'name': 'csc',
-\   'output_stream': 'stdout',
-\   'executable': 'csc',
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#cs#csc#GetCommand'),
-\   'callback': 'ale_linters#cs#csc#Handle',
-\   'lint_file': 1
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/cs/mcs.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cs/mcs.vim
@@ -1,11 +1,7 @@
 let g:ale_cs_mcs_options = get(g:, 'ale_cs_mcs_options', '')

 function! ale_linters#cs#mcs#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_mcs_options')
-
-    return 'mcs -unsafe --parse'
-    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
-    \   . ' %t'
+    return 'mcs -unsafe --parse ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_mcs_options') . ' %t'
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#cs#mcs#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
@@ -32,6 +28,6 @@ call ale#linter#Define('cs',{
 \   'name': 'mcs',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'executable': 'mcs',
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#cs#mcs#GetCommand'),
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cs#mcs#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#cs#mcs#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cs/mcsc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cs/mcsc.vim
@@ -29,16 +29,16 @@ function! ale_linters#cs#mcsc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    \   : ''

    " register temporary module target file with ale
-    " register temporary module target file with ALE.
-    let l:out = ale#command#CreateFile(a:buffer)
+    let l:out = tempname()
+    call ale#engine#ManageFile(a:buffer, l:out)

    " The code is compiled as a module and the output is redirected to a
    " temporary file.
    return ale#path#CdString(s:GetWorkingDirectory(a:buffer))
    \    . 'mcs -unsafe'
-    \    . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_mcsc_options'))
-    \    . ale#Pad(l:lib_option)
-    \    . ale#Pad(l:r_option)
+    \    . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_mcsc_options')
+    \    . ' ' . l:lib_option
+    \    . ' ' . l:r_option
    \    . ' -out:' . l:out
    \    . ' -t:module'
    \    . ' -recurse:' . ale#Escape('*.cs')
@@ -52,34 +52,20 @@ function! ale_linters#cs#mcsc#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    " NOTE: pattern also captures file name as linter compiles all
    " files within the source tree rooted at the specified source
    " path and not just the file loaded in the buffer
-    let l:patterns = [
-    \    '^\v(.+\.cs)\((\d+),(\d+)\)\:\s+([^ ]+)\s+([cC][sS][^ ]+):\s(.+)$',
-    \    '^\v([^ ]+)\s+([Cc][sS][^ ]+):\s+(.+)$',
-    \]
+    let l:pattern = '^\v(.+\.cs)\((\d+),(\d+)\)\: ([^ ]+) ([^ ]+): (.+)$'
    let l:output = []

    let l:dir = s:GetWorkingDirectory(a:buffer)

-    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:patterns)
-        if len(l:match) > 6 && strlen(l:match[5]) > 2 && l:match[5][:1] is? 'CS'
-            call add(l:output, {
-            \   'filename': ale#path#GetAbsPath(l:dir, l:match[1]),
-            \   'lnum': l:match[2] + 0,
-            \   'col': l:match[3] + 0,
-            \   'type': l:match[4] is# 'error' ? 'E' : 'W',
-            \   'code': l:match[5],
-            \   'text': l:match[6] ,
-            \})
-        elseif strlen(l:match[2]) > 2 && l:match[2][:1] is? 'CS'
-            call add(l:output, {
-            \   'filename':'<mcs>',
-            \   'lnum': -1,
-            \   'col': -1,
-            \   'type': l:match[1] is# 'error' ? 'E' : 'W',
-            \   'code': l:match[2],
-            \   'text': l:match[3],
-            \})
-        endif
+    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
+        call add(l:output, {
+        \   'filename': ale#path#GetAbsPath(l:dir, l:match[1]),
+        \   'lnum': l:match[2] + 0,
+        \   'col': l:match[3] + 0,
+        \   'type': l:match[4] is# 'error' ? 'E' : 'W',
+        \   'code': l:match[5],
+        \   'text': l:match[6],
+        \})
    endfor

    return l:output
@@ -89,7 +75,7 @@ call ale#linter#Define('cs',{
 \   'name': 'mcsc',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'executable': 'mcs',
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#cs#mcsc#GetCommand'),
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cs#mcsc#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#cs#mcsc#Handle',
 \   'lint_file': 1
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/css/csslint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/css/csslint.vim
@@ -13,6 +13,6 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('css', {
 \   'name': 'csslint',
 \   'executable': 'csslint',
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#css#csslint#GetCommand'),
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#css#csslint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#css#HandleCSSLintFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/css/fecs.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/css/fecs.vim
@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-" Author: harttle <yangjvn@126.com>
-" Description: fecs for CSS files
-
-call ale#linter#Define('css', {
-\   'name': 'fecs',
-\   'executable': function('ale#handlers#fecs#GetExecutable'),
-\   'command': function('ale#handlers#fecs#GetCommand'),
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#fecs#Handle',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/css/stylelint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/css/stylelint.vim
@@ -2,18 +2,23 @@

 call ale#Set('css_stylelint_executable', 'stylelint')
 call ale#Set('css_stylelint_options', '')
-call ale#Set('css_stylelint_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))
+call ale#Set('css_stylelint_use_global', 0)
+
+function! ale_linters#css#stylelint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'css_stylelint', [
+    \   'node_modules/.bin/stylelint',
+    \])
+endfunction

 function! ale_linters#css#stylelint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return '%e ' . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'css_stylelint_options'))
+    return ale_linters#css#stylelint#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'css_stylelint_options')
    \   . ' --stdin-filename %s'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('css', {
 \   'name': 'stylelint',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#node#FindExecutable(b, 'css_stylelint', [
-\       'node_modules/.bin/stylelint',
-\   ])},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#css#stylelint#GetCommand'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#css#stylelint#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#css#stylelint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#css#HandleStyleLintFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cucumber/cucumber.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cucumber/cucumber.vim
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Eddie Lebow https://github.com/elebow
-" Description: Cucumber, a BDD test tool
-
-function! ale_linters#cucumber#cucumber#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:features_dir = ale#path#FindNearestDirectory(a:buffer, 'features')
-
-    if !empty(l:features_dir)
-        let l:features_arg = '-r ' . ale#Escape(l:features_dir)
-    else
-        let l:features_arg = ''
-    endif
-
-    return 'cucumber --dry-run --quiet --strict --format=json '
-    \   . l:features_arg . ' %t'
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#cucumber#cucumber#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
-    try
-        let l:json = ale#util#FuzzyJSONDecode(a:lines, {})[0]
-    catch
-        return []
-    endtry
-
-    let l:output = []
-
-    for l:element in get(l:json, 'elements', [])
-        for l:step in l:element['steps']
-            if l:step['result']['status'] is# 'undefined'
-                call add(l:output, {
-                \   'lnum': l:step['line'],
-                \   'code': 'E',
-                \   'text': 'Undefined step'
-                \})
-            endif
-        endfor
-    endfor
-
-    return l:output
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('cucumber', {
-\   'name': 'cucumber',
-\   'executable': 'cucumber',
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#cucumber#cucumber#GetCommand'),
-\   'callback': 'ale_linters#cucumber#cucumber#Handle'
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/cuda/nvcc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cuda/nvcc.vim
@@ -4,14 +4,20 @@
 call ale#Set('cuda_nvcc_executable', 'nvcc')
 call ale#Set('cuda_nvcc_options', '-std=c++11')

+function! ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cuda_nvcc_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    " Unused: use ale#util#nul_file
-    " let l:output_file = ale#util#Tempname() . '.ii'
-    " call ale#command#ManageFile(a:buffer, l:output_file)
-    return '%e -cuda'
-    \   . ale#Pad(ale#c#IncludeOptions(ale#c#FindLocalHeaderPaths(a:buffer)))
-    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cuda_nvcc_options'))
-    \   . ' %s -o ' . g:ale#util#nul_file
+    " let l:output_file = tempname() . '.ii'
+    " call ale#engine#ManageFile(a:buffer, l:output_file)
+
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' -cuda '
+    \   . ale#c#IncludeOptions(ale#c#FindLocalHeaderPaths(a:buffer))
+    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cuda_nvcc_options') . ' %s'
+    \   . ' -o ' . g:ale#util#nul_file
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#HandleNVCCFormat(buffer, lines) abort
@@ -22,6 +28,7 @@ function! ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#HandleNVCCFormat(buffer, lines) abort
    let l:output = []

    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
+
        let l:item = {
        \   'lnum': str2nr(l:match[2]),
        \   'type': l:match[4] =~# 'error' ? 'E' : 'W',
@@ -42,8 +49,8 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('cuda', {
 \   'name': 'nvcc',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'cuda_nvcc_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#GetCommand'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#HandleNVCCFormat',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cypher/cypher_lint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cypher/cypher_lint.vim
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Francisco Lopes <francisco@oblita.com>
-" Description: Linting for Neo4j's Cypher
-
-function! ale_linters#cypher#cypher_lint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
-    let l:pattern = '\v^([a-zA-Z]?:?[^:]+):(\d+):(\d+): (.*)$'
-    let l:output = []
-
-    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
-        call add(l:output, {
-        \   'lnum': l:match[2] + 0,
-        \   'col': l:match[3] + 0,
-        \   'text': l:match[4],
-        \   'type': 'E',
-        \})
-    endfor
-
-    return l:output
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('cypher', {
-\   'name': 'cypher_lint',
-\   'executable': 'cypher-lint',
-\   'command': 'cypher-lint',
-\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'callback': 'ale_linters#cypher#cypher_lint#Handle',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/d/dls.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/d/dls.vim
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-" Author: aurieh <me@aurieh.me>
-" Description: A Language Server implementation for D
-
-call ale#Set('d_dls_executable', 'dls')
-
-function! ale_linters#d#dls#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'd_dls_executable')
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#d#dls#FindProjectRoot(buffer) abort
-    " Note: this will return . if dub config is empty
-    " dls can run outside DUB projects just fine
-    return fnamemodify(ale#d#FindDUBConfig(a:buffer), ':h')
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('d', {
-\   'name': 'dls',
-\   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable': function('ale_linters#d#dls#GetExecutable'),
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#d#dls#GetExecutable'),
-\   'project_root': function('ale_linters#d#dls#FindProjectRoot'),
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/d/dmd.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/d/dmd.vim
@@ -1,14 +1,28 @@
 " Author: w0rp <devw0rp@gmail.com>
 " Description: "dmd for D files"

-function! ale_linters#d#dmd#GetDUBCommand(buffer) abort
+function! s:FindDUBConfig(buffer) abort
+    " Find a DUB configuration file in ancestor paths.
+    " The most DUB-specific names will be tried first.
+    for l:possible_filename in ['dub.sdl', 'dub.json', 'package.json']
+        let l:dub_file = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, l:possible_filename)
+
+        if !empty(l:dub_file)
+            return l:dub_file
+        endif
+    endfor
+
+    return ''
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#d#dmd#DUBCommand(buffer) abort
    " If we can't run dub, then skip this command.
    if !executable('dub')
        " Returning an empty string skips to the DMD command.
        return ''
    endif

-    let l:dub_file = ale#d#FindDUBConfig(a:buffer)
+    let l:dub_file = s:FindDUBConfig(a:buffer)

    if empty(l:dub_file)
        return ''
@@ -21,18 +35,7 @@ function! ale_linters#d#dmd#GetDUBCommand(buffer) abort
    \   . ' && dub describe --import-paths'
 endfunction

-function! ale_linters#d#dmd#RunDUBCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:command = ale_linters#d#dmd#GetDUBCommand(a:buffer)
-
-    if empty(l:command)
-        " If we can't run DUB, just run DMD.
-        return ale_linters#d#dmd#DMDCommand(a:buffer, [], {})
-    endif
-
-    return ale#command#Run(a:buffer, l:command, function('ale_linters#d#dmd#DMDCommand'))
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#d#dmd#DMDCommand(buffer, dub_output, meta) abort
+function! ale_linters#d#dmd#DMDCommand(buffer, dub_output) abort
    let l:import_list = []

    " Build a list of import paths generated from DUB, if available.
@@ -43,7 +46,7 @@ function! ale_linters#d#dmd#DMDCommand(buffer, dub_output, meta) abort
        endif
    endfor

-    return 'dmd '. join(l:import_list) . ' -o- -wi -vcolumns -c %t'
+    return 'dmd '. join(l:import_list) . ' -o- -vcolumns -c %t'
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#d#dmd#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
@@ -68,7 +71,9 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('d', {
 \   'name': 'dmd',
 \   'executable': 'dmd',
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#d#dmd#RunDUBCommand'),
+\   'command_chain': [
+\       {'callback': 'ale_linters#d#dmd#DUBCommand', 'output_stream': 'stdout'},
+\       {'callback': 'ale_linters#d#dmd#DMDCommand', 'output_stream': 'stderr'},
+\   ],
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#d#dmd#Handle',
-\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/dafny/dafny.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/dafny/dafny.vim
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ function! ale_linters#dafny#dafny#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
        \    'type': l:match[4] =~# '^Error' ? 'E' : 'W'
        \ })
    endfor
-
    return l:output
 endfunction

--- a/ale_linters/dart/dartanalyzer.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/dart/dartanalyzer.vim
@@ -3,10 +3,15 @@

 call ale#Set('dart_dartanalyzer_executable', 'dartanalyzer')

+function! ale_linters#dart#dartanalyzer#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'dart_dartanalyzer_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#dart#dartanalyzer#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = ale_linters#dart#dartanalyzer#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
    let l:path = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, '.packages')

-    return '%e'
+    return ale#Escape(l:executable)
    \   . (!empty(l:path) ? ' --packages ' . ale#Escape(l:path) : '')
    \   . ' %s'
 endfunction
@@ -29,8 +34,8 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('dart', {
 \   'name': 'dartanalyzer',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'dart_dartanalyzer_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#dart#dartanalyzer#GetCommand'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#dart#dartanalyzer#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#dart#dartanalyzer#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#dart#dartanalyzer#Handle',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/dart/language_server.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/dart/language_server.vim
@@ -3,6 +3,14 @@

 call ale#Set('dart_language_server_executable', 'dart_language_server')

+function! ale_linters#dart#language_server#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'dart_language_server_executable')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#dart#language_server#GetLanguage(buffer) abort
+    return 'dart'
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#dart#language_server#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
    " Note: pub only looks for pubspec.yaml, there's no point in adding
    " support for pubspec.yml
@@ -14,7 +22,9 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('dart', {
 \   'name': 'language_server',
 \   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'dart_language_server_executable')},
-\   'command': '%e',
-\   'project_root': function('ale_linters#dart#language_server#GetProjectRoot'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#dart#language_server#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#dart#language_server#GetExecutable',
+\   'language_callback': 'ale_linters#dart#language_server#GetLanguage',
+\   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#dart#language_server#GetProjectRoot',
 \})
+
--- a/ale_linters/dockerfile/dockerfile_lint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/dockerfile/dockerfile_lint.vim
@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Alexander Olofsson <alexander.olofsson@liu.se>
-
-call ale#Set('dockerfile_dockerfile_lint_executable', 'dockerfile_lint')
-call ale#Set('dockerfile_dockerfile_lint_options', '')
-
-function! ale_linters#dockerfile#dockerfile_lint#GetType(type) abort
-    if a:type is? 'error'
-        return 'E'
-    elseif a:type is? 'warn'
-        return 'W'
-    endif
-
-    return 'I'
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#dockerfile#dockerfile_lint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
-    try
-        let l:data = json_decode(join(a:lines, ''))
-    catch
-        return []
-    endtry
-
-    if empty(l:data)
-        " Should never happen, but it's better to be on the safe side
-        return []
-    endif
-
-    let l:messages = []
-
-    for l:type in ['error', 'warn', 'info']
-        for l:object in l:data[l:type]['data']
-            let l:line = get(l:object, 'line', -1)
-            let l:message = l:object['message']
-
-            if get(l:object, 'description', 'None') isnot# 'None'
-                let l:message = l:message . '. ' . l:object['description']
-            endif
-
-            call add(l:messages, {
-            \   'lnum': l:line,
-            \   'text': l:message,
-            \   'type': ale_linters#dockerfile#dockerfile_lint#GetType(l:type),
-            \})
-        endfor
-    endfor
-
-    return l:messages
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#dockerfile#dockerfile_lint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return '%e' . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'dockerfile_dockerfile_lint_options'))
-    \   . ' -p -j -f'
-    \   . ' %t'
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('dockerfile', {
-\   'name': 'dockerfile_lint',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'dockerfile_dockerfile_lint_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#dockerfile#dockerfile_lint#GetCommand'),
-\   'callback': 'ale_linters#dockerfile#dockerfile_lint#Handle',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/dockerfile/hadolint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/dockerfile/hadolint.vim
@@ -82,18 +82,16 @@ endfunction

 function! ale_linters#dockerfile#hadolint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:command = ale_linters#dockerfile#hadolint#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
-
    if l:command is# 'docker'
        return 'docker run --rm -i ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'dockerfile_hadolint_docker_image')
    endif
-
    return 'hadolint -'
 endfunction


 call ale#linter#Define('dockerfile', {
 \   'name': 'hadolint',
-\   'executable': function('ale_linters#dockerfile#hadolint#GetExecutable'),
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#dockerfile#hadolint#GetCommand'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#dockerfile#hadolint#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#dockerfile#hadolint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#dockerfile#hadolint#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/elixir/credo.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/elixir/credo.vim
@@ -11,18 +11,10 @@ function! ale_linters#elixir#credo#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
        let l:type = l:match[3]
        let l:text = l:match[4]

-        " Refactoring opportunities
-        if l:type is# 'F'
-            let l:type = 'W'
-        " Consistency
-        elseif l:type is# 'C'
-            let l:type = 'W'
-        " Software Design
-        elseif l:type is# 'D'
-            let l:type = 'I'
-        " Code Readability
+        if l:type is# 'C'
+            let l:type = 'E'
        elseif l:type is# 'R'
-            let l:type = 'I'
+            let l:type = 'W'
        endif

        call add(l:output, {
@@ -37,27 +29,9 @@ function! ale_linters#elixir#credo#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    return l:output
 endfunction

-function! ale_linters#elixir#credo#GetMode() abort
-    if get(g:, 'ale_elixir_credo_strict', 0)
-        return '--strict'
-    else
-        return 'suggest'
-    endif
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#elixir#credo#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:project_root = ale#handlers#elixir#FindMixProjectRoot(a:buffer)
-    let l:mode = ale_linters#elixir#credo#GetMode()
-
-    return ale#path#CdString(l:project_root)
-    \ . 'mix help credo && '
-    \ . 'mix credo ' . ale_linters#elixir#credo#GetMode()
-    \ . ' --format=flycheck --read-from-stdin %s'
-endfunction
-
 call ale#linter#Define('elixir', {
 \   'name': 'credo',
 \   'executable': 'mix',
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#elixir#credo#GetCommand'),
+\   'command': 'mix help credo && mix credo suggest --format=flycheck --read-from-stdin %s',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#elixir#credo#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/elixir/dialyxir.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/elixir/dialyxir.vim
@@ -25,17 +25,10 @@ function! ale_linters#elixir#dialyxir#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    return l:output
 endfunction

-function! ale_linters#elixir#dialyxir#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:project_root = ale#handlers#elixir#FindMixProjectRoot(a:buffer)
-
-    return ale#path#CdString(l:project_root)
-    \ . ' mix help dialyzer && mix dialyzer'
-endfunction
-
 call ale#linter#Define('elixir', {
 \   'name': 'dialyxir',
 \   'executable': 'mix',
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#elixir#dialyxir#GetCommand'),
+\   'command': 'mix dialyzer',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#elixir#dialyxir#Handle',
 \})

--- a/ale_linters/elixir/dogma.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/elixir/dogma.vim
@@ -29,17 +29,10 @@ function! ale_linters#elixir#dogma#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    return l:output
 endfunction

-function! ale_linters#elixir#dogma#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:project_root = ale#handlers#elixir#FindMixProjectRoot(a:buffer)
-
-    return ale#path#CdString(l:project_root)
-    \ . ' mix help dogma && mix dogma %s --format=flycheck'
-endfunction
-
 call ale#linter#Define('elixir', {
 \   'name': 'dogma',
 \   'executable': 'mix',
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#elixir#dogma#GetCommand'),
+\   'command': 'mix help dogma && mix dogma %s --format=flycheck',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#elixir#dogma#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/elixir/elixir_ls.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/elixir/elixir_ls.vim
@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Jon Parise <jon@indelible.org>
-" Description: ElixirLS integration (https://github.com/JakeBecker/elixir-ls)
-
-call ale#Set('elixir_elixir_ls_release', 'elixir-ls')
-call ale#Set('elixir_elixir_ls_config', {})
-
-function! ale_linters#elixir#elixir_ls#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    let l:dir = ale#path#Simplify(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'elixir_elixir_ls_release'))
-    let l:cmd = has('win32') ? '\language_server.bat' : '/language_server.sh'
-
-    return l:dir . l:cmd
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('elixir', {
-\   'name': 'elixir-ls',
-\   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable': function('ale_linters#elixir#elixir_ls#GetExecutable'),
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#elixir#elixir_ls#GetExecutable'),
-\   'project_root': function('ale#handlers#elixir#FindMixUmbrellaRoot'),
-\   'lsp_config': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'elixir_elixir_ls_config')},
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/elixir/mix.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/elixir/mix.vim
@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-" Author: evnu - https://github.com/evnu
-" Author: colbydehart - https://github.com/colbydehart
-" Description: Mix compile checking for Elixir files
-
-function! ale_linters#elixir#mix#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
-    " Matches patterns like the following:
-    "
-    " Error format
-    " ** (CompileError) apps/sim/lib/sim/server.ex:87: undefined function update_in/4
-    "
-    " TODO: Warning format
-    " warning: variable "foobar" does not exist and is being expanded to "foobar()", please use parentheses to remove the ambiguity or change the variable name
-    let l:pattern = '\v\(([^\)]+Error)\) ([^:]+):([^:]+): (.+)$'
-    let l:output = []
-
-    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
-        let l:type = 'E'
-        let l:text = l:match[4]
-
-        call add(l:output, {
-        \   'bufnr': a:buffer,
-        \   'lnum': l:match[3] + 0,
-        \   'col': 0,
-        \   'type': l:type,
-        \   'text': l:text,
-        \})
-    endfor
-
-    return l:output
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#elixir#mix#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:project_root = ale#handlers#elixir#FindMixProjectRoot(a:buffer)
-
-    let l:temp_dir = ale#command#CreateDirectory(a:buffer)
-
-    let l:mix_build_path = has('win32')
-    \   ? 'set MIX_BUILD_PATH=' . ale#Escape(l:temp_dir) . ' &&'
-    \   : 'MIX_BUILD_PATH=' . ale#Escape(l:temp_dir)
-
-    return ale#path#CdString(l:project_root)
-    \ . l:mix_build_path
-    \ . ' mix compile %s'
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('elixir', {
-\   'name': 'mix',
-\   'executable': 'mix',
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#elixir#mix#GetCommand'),
-\   'callback': 'ale_linters#elixir#mix#Handle',
-\   'lint_file': 1,
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/elm/elm_ls.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/elm/elm_ls.vim
@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-" Author: antew - https://github.com/antew
-" Description: elm-language-server integration for elm (diagnostics, formatting, and more)
-
-call ale#Set('elm_ls_executable', 'elm-language-server')
-call ale#Set('elm_ls_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 1))
-
-" elm-language-server will search for local and global binaries, if empty
-call ale#Set('elm_ls_elm_path', '')
-call ale#Set('elm_ls_elm_format_path', '')
-call ale#Set('elm_ls_elm_test_path', '')
-call ale#Set('elm_ls_elm_analyse_trigger', 'change')
-
-function! elm_ls#GetRootDir(buffer) abort
-    let l:elm_json = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'elm.json')
-
-    return !empty(l:elm_json) ? fnamemodify(l:elm_json, ':p:h') : ''
-endfunction
-
-function! elm_ls#GetOptions(buffer) abort
-    return {
-    \   'elmPath': ale#Var(a:buffer, 'elm_ls_elm_path'),
-    \   'elmFormatPath': ale#Var(a:buffer, 'elm_ls_elm_format_path'),
-    \   'elmTestPath': ale#Var(a:buffer, 'elm_ls_elm_test_path'),
-    \   'elmAnalyseTrigger': ale#Var(a:buffer, 'elm_ls_elm_analyse_trigger'),
-    \}
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('elm', {
-\   'name': 'elm_ls',
-\   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#node#FindExecutable(b, 'elm_ls', [
-\       'node_modules/.bin/elm-language-server',
-\       'node_modules/.bin/elm-lsp',
-\       'elm-lsp'
-\   ])},
-\   'command': '%e --stdio',
-\   'project_root': function('elm_ls#GetRootDir'),
-\   'language': 'elm',
-\   'initialization_options': function('elm_ls#GetOptions')
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/elm/make.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/elm/make.vim
@@ -1,20 +1,45 @@
-" Author: buffalocoder - https://github.com/buffalocoder, soywod - https://github.com/soywod, hecrj - https://github.com/hecrj
+" Author: buffalocoder - https://github.com/buffalocoder, soywod - https://github.com/soywod
 " Description: Elm linting in Ale. Closely follows the Syntastic checker in https://github.com/ElmCast/elm-vim.

-call ale#Set('elm_make_executable', 'elm')
-call ale#Set('elm_make_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))
+call ale#Set('elm_make_executable', 'elm-make')
+call ale#Set('elm_make_use_global', 0)
+
+function! ale_linters#elm#make#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'elm_make', [
+    \   'node_modules/.bin/elm-make',
+    \])
+endfunction

 function! ale_linters#elm#make#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    let l:output = []
+    let l:is_windows = has('win32')
+    let l:temp_dir = l:is_windows ? $TMP : $TMPDIR
    let l:unparsed_lines = []
-
    for l:line in a:lines
-        if l:line[0] is# '{'
-            " Elm 0.19
-            call ale_linters#elm#make#HandleElm019Line(l:line, l:output)
-        elseif l:line[0] is# '['
-            " Elm 0.18
-            call ale_linters#elm#make#HandleElm018Line(l:line, l:output)
+        if l:line[0] is# '['
+            let l:errors = json_decode(l:line)
+
+            for l:error in l:errors
+                " Check if file is from the temp directory.
+                " Filters out any errors not related to the buffer.
+                if l:is_windows
+                    let l:file_is_buffer = l:error.file[0:len(l:temp_dir) - 1] is? l:temp_dir
+                else
+                    let l:file_is_buffer = l:error.file[0:len(l:temp_dir) - 1] is# l:temp_dir
+                endif
+
+                if l:file_is_buffer
+                    call add(l:output, {
+                    \    'lnum': l:error.region.start.line,
+                    \    'col': l:error.region.start.column,
+                    \    'end_lnum': l:error.region.end.line,
+                    \    'end_col': l:error.region.end.column,
+                    \    'type': (l:error.type is? 'error') ? 'E' : 'W',
+                    \    'text': l:error.overview,
+                    \    'detail': l:error.overview . "\n\n" . l:error.details
+                    \})
+                endif
+            endfor
        elseif l:line isnot# 'Successfully generated /dev/null'
            call add(l:unparsed_lines, l:line)
        endif
@@ -32,209 +57,33 @@ function! ale_linters#elm#make#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    return l:output
 endfunction

-function! ale_linters#elm#make#HandleElm019Line(line, output) abort
-    let l:report = json_decode(a:line)
-
-    if l:report.type is? 'error'
-        " General problem
-        let l:details = ale_linters#elm#make#ParseMessage(l:report.message)
-
-        if empty(l:report.path)
-            let l:report.path = 'Elm'
-        endif
-
-        if ale_linters#elm#make#FileIsBuffer(l:report.path)
-            call add(a:output, {
-            \    'lnum': 1,
-            \    'type': 'E',
-            \    'text': l:details,
-            \})
-        else
-            call add(a:output, {
-            \    'lnum': 1,
-            \    'type': 'E',
-            \    'text': l:report.path .' - '. l:details,
-            \    'detail': l:report.path ." ----------\n\n". l:details,
-            \})
-        endif
-    else
-        " Compilation errors
-        for l:error in l:report.errors
-            let l:file_is_buffer = ale_linters#elm#make#FileIsBuffer(l:error.path)
-
-            for l:problem in l:error.problems
-                let l:details = ale_linters#elm#make#ParseMessage(l:problem.message)
-
-                if l:file_is_buffer
-                    " Buffer module has problems
-                    call add(a:output, {
-                    \    'lnum': l:problem.region.start.line,
-                    \    'col': l:problem.region.start.column,
-                    \    'end_lnum': l:problem.region.end.line,
-                    \    'end_col': l:problem.region.end.column,
-                    \    'type': 'E',
-                    \    'text': l:details,
-                    \})
-                else
-                    " Imported module has problems
-                    let l:location = l:error.path .':'. l:problem.region.start.line
-                    call add(a:output, {
-                    \    'lnum': 1,
-                    \    'type': 'E',
-                    \    'text': l:location .' - '. l:details,
-                    \    'detail': l:location ." ----------\n\n". l:details,
-                    \})
-                endif
-            endfor
-        endfor
-    endif
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#elm#make#HandleElm018Line(line, output) abort
-    let l:errors = json_decode(a:line)
-
-    for l:error in l:errors
-        let l:file_is_buffer = ale_linters#elm#make#FileIsBuffer(l:error.file)
-
-        if l:file_is_buffer
-            " Current buffer has problems
-            call add(a:output, {
-            \    'lnum': l:error.region.start.line,
-            \    'col': l:error.region.start.column,
-            \    'end_lnum': l:error.region.end.line,
-            \    'end_col': l:error.region.end.column,
-            \    'type': (l:error.type is? 'error') ? 'E' : 'W',
-            \    'text': l:error.overview,
-            \    'detail': l:error.overview . "\n\n" . l:error.details
-            \})
-        elseif l:error.type is? 'error'
-            " Imported module has errors
-            let l:location = l:error.file .':'. l:error.region.start.line
-
-            call add(a:output, {
-            \    'lnum': 1,
-            \    'type': 'E',
-            \    'text': l:location .' - '. l:error.overview,
-            \    'detail': l:location ." ----------\n\n". l:error.overview . "\n\n" . l:error.details
-            \})
-        endif
-    endfor
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#elm#make#FileIsBuffer(path) abort
-    return ale#path#IsTempName(a:path)
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#elm#make#ParseMessage(message) abort
-    return join(map(copy(a:message), 'ale_linters#elm#make#ParseMessageItem(v:val)'), '')
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#elm#make#ParseMessageItem(item) abort
-    if type(a:item) is v:t_string
-        return a:item
-    else
-        return a:item.string
-    endif
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#elm#make#GetPackageFile(buffer) abort
-    let l:elm_json = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'elm.json')
-
-    if empty(l:elm_json)
-        " Fallback to Elm 0.18
-        let l:elm_json = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'elm-package.json')
-    endif
-
-    return l:elm_json
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#elm#make#IsVersionGte19(buffer) abort
-    let l:elm_json = ale_linters#elm#make#GetPackageFile(a:buffer)
-
-    if l:elm_json =~# '-package'
-        return 0
-    else
-        return 1
-    endif
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#elm#make#GetRootDir(buffer) abort
-    let l:elm_json = ale_linters#elm#make#GetPackageFile(a:buffer)
-
-    if empty(l:elm_json)
-        return ''
-    else
-        return fnamemodify(l:elm_json, ':p:h')
-    endif
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#elm#make#IsTest(buffer) abort
-    let l:root_dir = ale_linters#elm#make#GetRootDir(a:buffer)
-
-    if empty(l:root_dir)
-        return 0
-    endif
-
-    let l:tests_dir = join([l:root_dir, 'tests', ''], has('win32') ? '\' : '/')
-
-    let l:buffer_path = fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p')
-
-    if stridx(l:buffer_path, l:tests_dir) == 0
-        return 1
-    else
-        return 0
-    endif
-endfunction
-
 " Return the command to execute the linter in the projects directory.
 " If it doesn't, then this will fail when imports are needed.
 function! ale_linters#elm#make#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:executable = ale_linters#elm#make#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
-    let l:root_dir = ale_linters#elm#make#GetRootDir(a:buffer)
-    let l:is_v19 = ale_linters#elm#make#IsVersionGte19(a:buffer)
-    let l:is_using_elm_test = l:executable =~# 'elm-test$'
-
-    if empty(l:root_dir)
+    let l:elm_package = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'elm-package.json')
+    let l:elm_exe = ale_linters#elm#make#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+    if empty(l:elm_package)
        let l:dir_set_cmd = ''
    else
+        let l:root_dir = fnamemodify(l:elm_package, ':p:h')
        let l:dir_set_cmd = 'cd ' . ale#Escape(l:root_dir) . ' && '
    endif

-    " elm-test needs to know the path of elm-make if elm isn't installed globally.
-    " https://github.com/rtfeldman/node-test-runner/blob/57728f10668f2d2ab3179e7e3208bcfa9a1f19aa/README.md#--compiler
-    if l:is_v19 && l:is_using_elm_test
-        let l:elm_make_executable = ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'elm_make', ['node_modules/.bin/elm'])
-        let l:elm_test_compiler_flag = ' --compiler ' . l:elm_make_executable . ' '
-    else
-        let l:elm_test_compiler_flag = ' '
-    endif
-
-    " The elm compiler, at the time of this writing, uses '/dev/null' as
+    " The elm-make compiler, at the time of this writing, uses '/dev/null' as
    " a sort of flag to tell the compiler not to generate an output file,
-    " which is why this is hard coded here.
-    " Source: https://github.com/elm-lang/elm-compiler/blob/19d5a769b30ec0b2fc4475985abb4cd94cd1d6c3/builder/src/Generate/Output.hs#L253
-    return l:dir_set_cmd . '%e make --report=json --output=/dev/null' . l:elm_test_compiler_flag . '%t'
-endfunction
+    " which is why this is hard coded here. It does not use NUL on Windows.
+    " Source: https://github.com/elm-lang/elm-make/blob/master/src/Flags.hs
+    let l:elm_cmd = ale#Escape(l:elm_exe)
+    \   . ' --report=json'
+    \   . ' --output=/dev/null'

-function! ale_linters#elm#make#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    let l:is_test = ale_linters#elm#make#IsTest(a:buffer)
-    let l:is_v19 = ale_linters#elm#make#IsVersionGte19(a:buffer)
-
-    if l:is_test && l:is_v19
-        return ale#node#FindExecutable(
-        \   a:buffer,
-        \   'elm_make',
-        \   ['node_modules/.bin/elm-test', 'node_modules/.bin/elm']
-        \)
-    else
-        return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'elm_make', ['node_modules/.bin/elm'])
-    endif
+    return l:dir_set_cmd . ' ' . l:elm_cmd . ' %t'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('elm', {
-\   'name': 'make',
-\   'executable': function('ale_linters#elm#make#GetExecutable'),
-\   'output_stream': 'both',
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#elm#make#GetCommand'),
-\   'callback': 'ale_linters#elm#make#Handle'
+\    'name': 'make',
+\    'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#elm#make#GetExecutable',
+\    'output_stream': 'both',
+\    'command_callback': 'ale_linters#elm#make#GetCommand',
+\    'callback': 'ale_linters#elm#make#Handle'
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/erlang/dialyzer.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/erlang/dialyzer.vim
@@ -1,93 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Autoine Gagne - https://github.com/AntoineGagne
-" Description: Define a checker that runs dialyzer on Erlang files.
-
-let g:ale_erlang_dialyzer_executable =
-\   get(g:, 'ale_erlang_dialyzer_executable', 'dialyzer')
-let g:ale_erlang_dialyzer_plt_file =
-\   get(g:, 'ale_erlang_dialyzer_plt_file', '')
-let g:ale_erlang_dialyzer_rebar3_profile =
-\   get(g:, 'ale_erlang_dialyzer_rebar3_profile', 'default')
-
-function! ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#GetRebar3Profile(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'erlang_dialyzer_rebar3_profile')
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#FindPlt(buffer) abort
-    let l:plt_file = ''
-    let l:rebar3_profile = ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#GetRebar3Profile(a:buffer)
-    let l:plt_file_directory = ale#path#FindNearestDirectory(a:buffer, '_build/' . l:rebar3_profile)
-
-    if !empty(l:plt_file_directory)
-        let l:plt_file = globpath(l:plt_file_directory, '*_plt', 0, 1)
-    endif
-
-    if !empty(l:plt_file)
-        return l:plt_file[0]
-    endif
-
-    if !empty($REBAR_PLT_DIR)
-        return expand('$REBAR_PLT_DIR/dialyzer/plt')
-    endif
-
-    return expand('$HOME/.dialyzer_plt')
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#GetPlt(buffer) abort
-    let l:plt_file = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'erlang_dialyzer_plt_file')
-
-    if !empty(l:plt_file)
-        return l:plt_file
-    endif
-
-    return ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#FindPlt(a:buffer)
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'erlang_dialyzer_executable')
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:command = ale#Escape(ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
-    \   . ' -n'
-    \   . ' --plt ' . ale#Escape(ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#GetPlt(a:buffer))
-    \   . ' -Wunmatched_returns'
-    \   . ' -Werror_handling'
-    \   . ' -Wrace_conditions'
-    \   . ' -Wunderspecs'
-    \   . ' %s'
-
-    return l:command
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
-    " Match patterns like the following:
-    "
-    " erl_tidy_prv_fmt.erl:3: Callback info about the provider behaviour is not available
-    let l:pattern = '^\S\+:\(\d\+\): \(.\+\)$'
-    let l:output = []
-
-    for l:line in a:lines
-        let l:match = matchlist(l:line, l:pattern)
-
-        if len(l:match) != 0
-            let l:code = l:match[2]
-
-            call add(l:output, {
-            \   'lnum': str2nr(l:match[1]),
-            \   'lcol': 0,
-            \   'text': l:code,
-            \   'type': 'W'
-            \})
-        endif
-    endfor
-
-    return l:output
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('erlang', {
-\   'name': 'dialyzer',
-\   'executable': function('ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#GetExecutable'),
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#GetCommand'),
-\   'callback': function('ale_linters#erlang#dialyzer#Handle'),
-\   'lint_file': 1
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/erlang/erlc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/erlang/erlc.vim
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 let g:ale_erlang_erlc_options = get(g:, 'ale_erlang_erlc_options', '')

 function! ale_linters#erlang#erlc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:output_file = ale#util#Tempname()
-    call ale#command#ManageFile(a:buffer, l:output_file)
+    let l:output_file = tempname()
+    call ale#engine#ManageFile(a:buffer, l:output_file)

    return 'erlc -o ' . ale#Escape(l:output_file)
    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'erlang_erlc_options')
@@ -91,6 +91,6 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('erlang', {
 \   'name': 'erlc',
 \   'executable': 'erlc',
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#erlang#erlc#GetCommand'),
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#erlang#erlc#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#erlang#erlc#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/erlang/syntaxerl.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/erlang/syntaxerl.vim
@@ -3,22 +3,24 @@

 call ale#Set('erlang_syntaxerl_executable', 'syntaxerl')

-function! ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#RunHelpCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:executable = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'erlang_syntaxerl_executable')

-    return ale#command#Run(
-    \   a:buffer,
-    \   ale#Escape(l:executable) . ' -h',
-    \   function('ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#GetCommand'),
-    \)
+function! ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'erlang_syntaxerl_executable')
 endfunction

-function! ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#GetCommand(buffer, output, meta) abort
+
+function! ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#FeatureCheck(buffer) abort
+    return s:GetEscapedExecutable(a:buffer) . ' -h'
+endfunction
+
+
+function! ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#GetCommand(buffer, output) abort
    let l:use_b_option = match(a:output, '\C\V-b, --base\>') > -1

-    return '%e' . (l:use_b_option ? ' -b %s %t' : ' %t')
+    return s:GetEscapedExecutable(a:buffer) . (l:use_b_option ? ' -b %s %t' : ' %t')
 endfunction

+
 function! ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    let l:pattern = '\v\C:(\d+):( warning:)? (.+)'
    let l:loclist = []
@@ -34,9 +36,18 @@ function! ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    return l:loclist
 endfunction

+
+function! s:GetEscapedExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+endfunction
+
+
 call ale#linter#Define('erlang', {
 \   'name': 'syntaxerl',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'erlang_syntaxerl_executable')},
-\   'command': {b -> ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#RunHelpCommand(b)},
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_chain': [
+\       {'callback': 'ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#FeatureCheck'},
+\       {'callback': 'ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#GetCommand'},
+\   ],
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/eruby/erb.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/eruby/erb.vim
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ call ale#linter#Define('eruby', {
 \   'aliases': ['erubylint'],
 \   'executable': 'erb',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#eruby#erb#GetCommand'),
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#eruby#erb#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#ruby#HandleSyntaxErrors',
 \})

--- a/ale_linters/eruby/erubi.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/eruby/erubi.vim
@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
 " Author: Eddie Lebow https://github.com/elebow
 " Description: eruby checker using `erubi`

-function! ale_linters#eruby#erubi#GetCommand(buffer, output, meta) abort
+function! ale_linters#eruby#erubi#CheckErubi(buffer) abort
+    return 'ruby -r erubi/capture_end -e ' . ale#Escape('""')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#eruby#erubi#GetCommand(buffer, check_erubi_output) abort
    let l:rails_root = ale#ruby#FindRailsRoot(a:buffer)

-    if !empty(a:output)
+    if (!empty(a:check_erubi_output))
        " The empty command in CheckErubi returns nothing if erubi runs and
        " emits an error if erubi is not present
        return ''
@@ -23,10 +27,9 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('eruby', {
 \   'name': 'erubi',
 \   'executable': 'ruby',
-\   'command': {buffer -> ale#command#Run(
-\       buffer,
-\       'ruby -r erubi/capture_end -e ' . ale#Escape('""'),
-\       function('ale_linters#eruby#erubi#GetCommand'),
-\   )},
+\   'command_chain': [
+\     {'callback': 'ale_linters#eruby#erubi#CheckErubi'},
+\     {'callback': 'ale_linters#eruby#erubi#GetCommand', 'output_stream': 'stderr'},
+\   ],
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#ruby#HandleSyntaxErrors',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/eruby/erubis.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/eruby/erubis.vim
@@ -18,6 +18,6 @@ call ale#linter#Define('eruby', {
 \   'name': 'erubis',
 \   'executable': 'erubis',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#eruby#erubis#GetCommand'),
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#eruby#erubis#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#ruby#HandleSyntaxErrors',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/eruby/ruumba.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/eruby/ruumba.vim
@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-" Author: aclemons - https://github.com/aclemons
-" based on the ale rubocop linter
-" Description: Ruumba, RuboCop linting for ERB templates.
-
-call ale#Set('eruby_ruumba_executable', 'ruumba')
-call ale#Set('eruby_ruumba_options', '')
-
-function! ale_linters#eruby#ruumba#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:executable = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'eruby_ruumba_executable')
-
-    return ale#ruby#EscapeExecutable(l:executable, 'ruumba')
-    \   . ' --format json --force-exclusion '
-    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'eruby_ruumba_options')
-    \   . ' --stdin ' . ale#Escape(expand('#' . a:buffer . ':p'))
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#eruby#ruumba#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
-    try
-        let l:errors = json_decode(a:lines[0])
-    catch
-        return []
-    endtry
-
-    if !has_key(l:errors, 'summary')
-    \|| l:errors['summary']['offense_count'] == 0
-    \|| empty(l:errors['files'])
-        return []
-    endif
-
-    let l:output = []
-
-    for l:error in l:errors['files'][0]['offenses']
-        let l:start_col = l:error['location']['column'] + 0
-        call add(l:output, {
-        \   'lnum': l:error['location']['line'] + 0,
-        \   'col': l:start_col,
-        \   'end_col': l:start_col + l:error['location']['length'] - 1,
-        \   'code': l:error['cop_name'],
-        \   'text': l:error['message'],
-        \   'type': ale_linters#eruby#ruumba#GetType(l:error['severity']),
-        \})
-    endfor
-
-    return l:output
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#eruby#ruumba#GetType(severity) abort
-    if a:severity is? 'convention'
-    \|| a:severity is? 'warning'
-    \|| a:severity is? 'refactor'
-        return 'W'
-    endif
-
-    return 'E'
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('eruby', {
-\   'name': 'ruumba',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'eruby_ruumba_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#eruby#ruumba#GetCommand'),
-\   'callback': 'ale_linters#eruby#ruumba#Handle',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/fortran/gcc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/fortran/gcc.vim
@@ -2,10 +2,18 @@
 " Description: gcc for Fortran files

 " This option can be set to 0 to use -ffixed-form
-call ale#Set('fortran_gcc_use_free_form', 1)
-call ale#Set('fortran_gcc_executable', 'gcc')
+if !exists('g:ale_fortran_gcc_use_free_form')
+    let g:ale_fortran_gcc_use_free_form = 1
+endif
+
+if !exists('g:ale_fortran_gcc_executable')
+    let g:ale_fortran_gcc_executable = 'gcc'
+endif
+
 " Set this option to change the GCC options for warnings for Fortran.
-call ale#Set('fortran_gcc_options', '-Wall')
+if !exists('g:ale_fortran_gcc_options')
+    let g:ale_fortran_gcc_options = '-Wall'
+endif

 function! ale_linters#fortran#gcc#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    " We have to match a starting line and a later ending line together,
@@ -53,20 +61,26 @@ function! ale_linters#fortran#gcc#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    return l:output
 endfunction

+function! ale_linters#fortran#gcc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'fortran_gcc_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#fortran#gcc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:layout_option = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'fortran_gcc_use_free_form')
    \   ? '-ffree-form'
    \   : '-ffixed-form'

-    return '%e -S -x f95 -fsyntax-only ' . l:layout_option
-    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'fortran_gcc_options'))
-    \   . ' -'
+    return ale_linters#fortran#gcc#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+    \   . ' -S -x f95 -fsyntax-only '
+    \   . l:layout_option . ' '
+    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'fortran_gcc_options') . ' '
+    \   . '-'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('fortran', {
 \   'name': 'gcc',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'fortran_gcc_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#fortran#gcc#GetCommand'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#fortran#gcc#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#fortran#gcc#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#fortran#gcc#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/fortran/language_server.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/fortran/language_server.vim
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-" Author: unpairedbracket ben.spiers22@gmail.com
-" Description: A language server for fortran
-
-call ale#Set('fortran_language_server_executable', 'fortls')
-call ale#Set('fortran_language_server_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))
-
-function! ale_linters#fortran#language_server#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
-    let l:fortls_file = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, '.fortls')
-
-    return !empty(l:fortls_file) ? fnamemodify(l:fortls_file, ':h') : ''
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('fortran', {
-\   'name': 'language_server',
-\   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'fortran_language_server_executable')},
-\   'command': '%e',
-\   'project_root': function('ale_linters#fortran#language_server#GetProjectRoot'),
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/fuse/fusionlint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/fuse/fusionlint.vim
@@ -1,11 +1,19 @@
 " Author: RyanSquared <vandor2012@gmail.com>
 " Description: `fusion-lint` linter for FusionScript files

-call ale#Set('fuse_fusionlint_executable', 'fusion-lint')
-call ale#Set('fuse_fusionlint_options', '')
+let g:ale_fuse_fusionlint_executable =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_fuse_fusionlint_executable', 'fusion-lint')
+
+let g:ale_fuse_fusionlint_options =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_fuse_fusionlint_options', '')
+
+function! ale_linters#fuse#fusionlint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'fuse_fusionlint_executable')
+endfunction

 function! ale_linters#fuse#fusionlint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return '%e' . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'fuse_fusionlint_options'))
+    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#fuse#fusionlint#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'fuse_fusionlint_options')
    \   . ' --filename %s -i'
 endfunction

@@ -27,7 +35,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('fuse', {
 \   'name': 'fusionlint',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'fuse_fusionlint_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#fuse#fusionlint#GetCommand'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#fuse#fusionlint#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#fuse#fusionlint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#fuse#fusionlint#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/gitcommit/gitlint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/gitcommit/gitlint.vim
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 " Author: Nick Yamane <nick.diego@gmail.com>
 " Description: gitlint for git commit message files

-call ale#Set('gitcommit_gitlint_executable', 'gitlint')
-call ale#Set('gitcommit_gitlint_options', '')
-call ale#Set('gitcommit_gitlint_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))
+let g:ale_gitcommit_gitlint_executable =
+\   get(g:, 'ale_gitcommit_gitlint_executable', 'gitlint')
+let g:ale_gitcommit_gitlint_options = get(g:, 'ale_gitcommit_gitlint_options', '')
+let g:ale_gitcommit_gitlint_use_global = get(g:, 'ale_gitcommit_gitlint_use_global', 0)
+

 function! ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
    return ale#python#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'gitcommit_gitlint', ['gitlint'])
@@ -11,10 +13,13 @@ endfunction

 function! ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'gitcommit_gitlint_options')
-
-    return '%e' . ale#Pad(l:options) . ' lint'
+    let l:executable = ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+    return ale#Escape(l:executable)
+    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
+    \   . ' lint'
 endfunction

+
 function! ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    " Matches patterns line the following:
    let l:pattern = '\v^(\d+): (\w+) (.*)$'
@@ -23,12 +28,6 @@ function! ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
        let l:code = l:match[2]

-        if !ale#Var(a:buffer, 'warn_about_trailing_whitespace')
-            if l:code is# 'T2' || l:code is# 'B2'
-                continue
-            endif
-        endif
-
        let l:item = {
        \   'lnum': l:match[1] + 0,
        \   'text': l:match[3],
@@ -42,10 +41,12 @@ function! ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    return l:output
 endfunction

+
 call ale#linter#Define('gitcommit', {
 \   'name': 'gitlint',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable': function('ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#GetExecutable'),
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#GetCommand'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#Handle',
 \})
+
--- a/ale_linters/glsl/glslang.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/glsl/glslang.vim
@@ -4,13 +4,19 @@
 " TODO: Once https://github.com/KhronosGroup/glslang/pull/1047 is accepted,
 " we can use stdin.

-call ale#Set('glsl_glslang_executable', 'glslangValidator')
-call ale#Set('glsl_glslang_options', '')
+let g:ale_glsl_glslang_executable =
+\ get(g:, 'ale_glsl_glslang_executable', 'glslangValidator')
+
+let g:ale_glsl_glslang_options = get(g:, 'ale_glsl_glslang_options', '')
+
+function! ale_linters#glsl#glslang#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'glsl_glslang_executable')
+endfunction

 function! ale_linters#glsl#glslang#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return '%e'
-    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'glsl_glslang_options'))
-    \   . ' -C %t'
+    return ale_linters#glsl#glslang#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'glsl_glslang_options')
+    \   . ' ' . '-C %t'
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#glsl#glslang#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
@@ -34,7 +40,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('glsl', {
 \   'name': 'glslang',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'glsl_glslang_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#glsl#glslang#GetCommand'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#glsl#glslang#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#glsl#glslang#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#glsl#glslang#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/glsl/glslls.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/glsl/glslls.vim
@@ -4,15 +4,22 @@
 call ale#Set('glsl_glslls_executable', 'glslls')
 call ale#Set('glsl_glslls_logfile', '')

+function! ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'glsl_glslls_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
    let l:logfile = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'glsl_glslls_logfile')
    let l:logfile_args = ''
-
    if l:logfile isnot# ''
        let l:logfile_args = ' --verbose -l ' . l:logfile
    endif
+    return ale#Escape(l:executable) . l:logfile_args . ' --stdin'
+endfunction

-    return '%e' . l:logfile_args . ' --stdin'
+function! ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetLanguage(buffer) abort
+    return 'glsl'
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
@@ -24,7 +31,8 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('glsl', {
 \   'name': 'glslls',
 \   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'glsl_glslls_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetCommand'),
-\   'project_root': function('ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetProjectRoot'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetCommand',
+\   'language_callback': 'ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetLanguage',
+\   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetProjectRoot',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/go/bingo.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/go/bingo.vim
@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Jerko Steiner <https://github.com/jeremija>
-" Description: https://github.com/saibing/bingo
-
-call ale#Set('go_bingo_executable', 'bingo')
-call ale#Set('go_bingo_options', '--mode stdio')
-
-function! ale_linters#go#bingo#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return ale#go#EnvString(a:buffer) . '%e' . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'go_bingo_options'))
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#go#bingo#FindProjectRoot(buffer) abort
-    let l:go_modules_off = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'go_go111module') is# 'off'
-    let l:project_root = l:go_modules_off ?
-    \ '' : ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'go.mod')
-    let l:mods = ':h'
-
-    if empty(l:project_root)
-        let l:project_root = ale#path#FindNearestDirectory(a:buffer, '.git')
-        let l:mods = ':h:h'
-    endif
-
-    return !empty(l:project_root) ? fnamemodify(l:project_root, l:mods) : ''
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('go', {
-\   'name': 'bingo',
-\   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'go_bingo_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#go#bingo#GetCommand'),
-\   'project_root': function('ale_linters#go#bingo#FindProjectRoot'),
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/go/gobuild.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/go/gobuild.vim
@@ -3,16 +3,38 @@
 " Description: go build for Go files
 " inspired by work from dzhou121 <dzhou121@gmail.com>

-call ale#Set('go_go_executable', 'go')
 call ale#Set('go_gobuild_options', '')

-function! ale_linters#go#gobuild#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+function! ale_linters#go#gobuild#ResetEnv() abort
+    unlet! s:go_env
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#go#gobuild#GoEnv(buffer) abort
+    if exists('s:go_env')
+        return ''
+    endif
+
+    return 'go env GOPATH GOROOT'
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#go#gobuild#GetCommand(buffer, goenv_output) abort
    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'go_gobuild_options')

+    if !exists('s:go_env')
+        let s:go_env = {
+        \   'GOPATH': a:goenv_output[0],
+        \   'GOROOT': a:goenv_output[1],
+        \}
+    endif
+
+    let l:gopath_env_command = has('win32')
+    \   ? 'set GOPATH=' . ale#Escape(s:go_env.GOPATH) . ' && '
+    \   : 'GOPATH=' . ale#Escape(s:go_env.GOPATH) . ' '
+
    " Run go test in local directory with relative path
-    return ale#path#BufferCdString(a:buffer)
-    \   . ale#go#EnvString(a:buffer)
-    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'go_go_executable') . ' test'
+    return l:gopath_env_command
+    \   . ale#path#BufferCdString(a:buffer)
+    \   . 'go test'
    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
    \   . ' -c -o /dev/null ./'
 endfunction
@@ -23,6 +45,7 @@ function! ale_linters#go#gobuild#GetMatches(lines) abort
    " file.go:27: missing argument for Printf("%s"): format reads arg 2, have only 1 args
    " file.go:53:10: if block ends with a return statement, so drop this else and outdent its block (move short variable declaration to its own line if necessary)
    " file.go:5:2: expected declaration, found 'STRING' "log"
+
    " go test returns relative paths so use tail of filename as part of pattern matcher
    let l:pattern = '\v^([a-zA-Z]?:?[^:]+):(\d+):?(\d+)?:? (.+)$'

@@ -47,11 +70,12 @@ function! ale_linters#go#gobuild#Handler(buffer, lines) abort
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('go', {
-\   'name': 'gobuild',
-\   'aliases': ['go build'],
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'go_go_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#go#gobuild#GetCommand'),
-\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
+\   'name': 'go build',
+\   'executable': 'go',
+\   'command_chain': [
+\     {'callback': 'ale_linters#go#gobuild#GoEnv', 'output_stream': 'stdout'},
+\     {'callback': 'ale_linters#go#gobuild#GetCommand', 'output_stream': 'stderr'},
+\   ],
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#go#gobuild#Handler',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/go/gofmt.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/go/gofmt.vim
@@ -1,16 +1,10 @@
 " Author: neersighted <bjorn@neersighted.com>
 " Description: gofmt for Go files

-function! ale_linters#go#gofmt#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return ale#go#EnvString(a:buffer)
-    \   . '%e -e %t'
-endfunction
-
-
 call ale#linter#Define('go', {
 \   'name': 'gofmt',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'executable': 'gofmt',
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#go#gofmt#GetCommand'),
+\   'command': 'gofmt -e %t',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#unix#HandleAsError',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/go/golangci_lint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/go/golangci_lint.vim
@@ -1,59 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Sascha Grunert <mail@saschagrunert.de>
-" Description: Adds support of golangci-lint
-
-call ale#Set('go_golangci_lint_options', '--enable-all')
-call ale#Set('go_golangci_lint_executable', 'golangci-lint')
-call ale#Set('go_golangci_lint_package', 0)
-
-function! ale_linters#go#golangci_lint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:filename = expand('#' . a:buffer . ':t')
-    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'go_golangci_lint_options')
-    let l:lint_package = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'go_golangci_lint_package')
-
-
-    if l:lint_package
-        return ale#path#BufferCdString(a:buffer)
-        \   . ale#go#EnvString(a:buffer)
-        \   . '%e run '
-        \   .  l:options
-    endif
-
-    return ale#path#BufferCdString(a:buffer)
-    \   . ale#go#EnvString(a:buffer)
-    \   . '%e run '
-    \   . ale#Escape(l:filename)
-    \   . ' ' . l:options
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#go#golangci_lint#GetMatches(lines) abort
-    let l:pattern = '\v^([a-zA-Z]?:?[^:]+):(\d+):?(\d+)?:?:?:?\s\*?(.+)$'
-
-    return ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#go#golangci_lint#Handler(buffer, lines) abort
-    let l:dir = expand('#' . a:buffer . ':p:h')
-    let l:output = []
-
-    for l:match in ale_linters#go#golangci_lint#GetMatches(a:lines)
-        " l:match[1] will already be an absolute path, output from
-        " golangci_lint
-        call add(l:output, {
-        \   'filename': ale#path#GetAbsPath(l:dir, l:match[1]),
-        \   'lnum': l:match[2] + 0,
-        \   'col': l:match[3] + 0,
-        \   'type': 'E',
-        \   'text': l:match[4],
-        \})
-    endfor
-
-    return l:output
-endfunction
-
-call ale#linter#Define('go', {
-\   'name': 'golangci-lint',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'go_golangci_lint_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#go#golangci_lint#GetCommand'),
-\   'callback': 'ale_linters#go#golangci_lint#Handler',
-\   'lint_file': 1,
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/go/golint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/go/golint.vim
@@ -1,21 +1,10 @@
 " Author: neersighted <bjorn@neersighted.com>
 " Description: golint for Go files

-call ale#Set('go_golint_executable', 'golint')
-call ale#Set('go_golint_options', '')
-
-function! ale_linters#go#golint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'go_golint_options')
-
-    return ale#go#EnvString(a:buffer) . '%e'
-    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
-    \   . ' %t'
-endfunction
-
 call ale#linter#Define('go', {
 \   'name': 'golint',
 \   'output_stream': 'both',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'go_golint_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#go#golint#GetCommand'),
+\   'executable': 'golint',
+\   'command': 'golint %t',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#unix#HandleAsWarning',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/go/gometalinter.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/go/gometalinter.vim
@@ -5,7 +5,12 @@ call ale#Set('go_gometalinter_options', '')
 call ale#Set('go_gometalinter_executable', 'gometalinter')
 call ale#Set('go_gometalinter_lint_package', 0)

+function! ale_linters#go#gometalinter#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'go_gometalinter_executable')
+endfunction
+
 function! ale_linters#go#gometalinter#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = ale_linters#go#gometalinter#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
    let l:filename = expand('#' . a:buffer . ':t')
    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'go_gometalinter_options')
    let l:lint_package = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'go_gometalinter_lint_package')
@@ -14,14 +19,12 @@ function! ale_linters#go#gometalinter#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    " be calculated to absolute paths in the Handler
    if l:lint_package
        return ale#path#BufferCdString(a:buffer)
-        \   . ale#go#EnvString(a:buffer)
-        \   . '%e'
+        \   . ale#Escape(l:executable)
        \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '') . ' .'
    endif

    return ale#path#BufferCdString(a:buffer)
-    \   . ale#go#EnvString(a:buffer)
-    \   . '%e'
+    \   . ale#Escape(l:executable)
    \   . ' --include=' . ale#Escape(ale#util#EscapePCRE(l:filename))
    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '') . ' .'
 endfunction
@@ -52,8 +55,8 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('go', {
 \   'name': 'gometalinter',
-\   'executable': {b -> ale#Var(b, 'go_gometalinter_executable')},
-\   'command': function('ale_linters#go#gometalinter#GetCommand'),
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#go#gometalinter#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#go#gometalinter#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#go#gometalinter#Handler',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
 \})
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
w0rp	4c3bd8a84f	Revert "Merge pull request #1487 from rhysd/fix-1472" This reverts commit `67b71653f5`.	2018-04-17 13:33:47 +01:00
w0rp	d1224a05c4	#1497 Tolerate important ALE variables being undefined for some reason when viewing buffers like git commits	2018-04-12 21:04:15 +01:00
w0rp	0e4a7a7187	Fix #1495 - Fall back to /bin/sh when shell=pwsh	2018-04-12 21:04:02 +01:00
w0rp	36a3932ce8	Fix #1492 - Make pylint error parsing work on Windows	2018-04-10 15:20:02 +01:00
w0rp	67b71653f5	Merge pull request #1487 from rhysd/fix-1472 pylint: Move to the buffer's directory before running pylint command	2018-04-09 18:15:28 +01:00
aspidiets	229da9b8ef	Fix #1424 - Make the brittany fixer work	2018-04-08 17:39:51 +01:00
w0rp	7e4372bd1f	Use the --stdin-filename option for textlint, so configuration files will be discovered better	2018-04-05 15:12:24 +01:00
w0rp	f6fc1edcdc	Fix config and executable issues with the textlint linter	2018-04-05 15:09:41 +01:00
w0rp	6e5a74285c	Merge pull request #1455 from Christian-Gibbons/flawfinder_cpp_severity_fix Fix Flawfinder for C++	2018-04-05 15:07:12 +01:00