Bump version to 0.6.0

* f-string expression part cannot include a backslash
 * failing example `f"{'\n'}"` for tests

.travis.yml

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ python:
   - 3.5
   - 3.6
   - 3.7
-  - 3.8-dev
+  - 3.8
   - pypy2.7-6.0
   - pypy3.5-6.0
 matrix:

AUTHORS.txt

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ Mathias Rav (@Mortal) <rav@cs.au.dk>
 Daniel Fiterman (@dfit99) <fitermandaniel2@gmail.com>
 Simon Ruggier (@sruggier)
 Élie Gouzien (@ElieGouzien)
+Tim Gates (@timgates42) <tim.gates@iress.com>
 
 
 Note: (@user) means a github user name.

CHANGELOG.rst

@@ -3,25 +3,54 @@
 Changelog
 ---------
 
+0.6.0 (2020-01-26)
+++++++++++++++++++
+
+- Dropped Python 2.6/Python 3.3 support
+- del_stmt names are now considered as a definition
+  (for ``name.is_definition()``)
+- Bugfixes
+
+0.5.2 (2019-12-15)
+++++++++++++++++++
+
+- Add include_setitem to get_definition/is_definition and get_defined_names (#66)
+- Fix named expression error listing (#89, #90)
+- Fix some f-string tokenizer issues (#93)
+
+0.5.1 (2019-07-13)
+++++++++++++++++++
+
+- Fix: Some unicode identifiers were not correctly tokenized
+- Fix: Line continuations in f-strings are now working
+
+0.5.0 (2019-06-20)
+++++++++++++++++++
+
+- **Breaking Change** comp_for is now called sync_comp_for for all Python
+  versions to be compatible with the Python 3.8 Grammar
+- Added .pyi stubs for a lot of the parso API
+- Small FileIO changes
+
 0.4.0 (2019-04-05)
 ++++++++++++++++++
 
 - Python 3.8 support
 - FileIO support, it's now possible to use abstract file IO, support is alpha
 
-0.3.4 (2018-02-13)
+0.3.4 (2019-02-13)
 +++++++++++++++++++
 
 - Fix an f-string tokenizer error
 
-0.3.3 (2018-02-06)
+0.3.3 (2019-02-06)
 +++++++++++++++++++
 
 - Fix async errors in the diff parser
 - A fix in iter_errors
 - This is a very small bugfix release
 
-0.3.2 (2018-01-24)
+0.3.2 (2019-01-24)
 +++++++++++++++++++
 
 - 20+ bugfixes in the diff parser and 3 in the tokenizer

conftest.py

@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ from parso.utils import parse_version_string
 
 collect_ignore = ["setup.py"]
 
-VERSIONS_2 = '2.6', '2.7'
-VERSIONS_3 = '3.3', '3.4', '3.5', '3.6', '3.7'
+VERSIONS_2 = '2.7',
+VERSIONS_3 = '3.4', '3.5', '3.6', '3.7', '3.8'
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(scope='session')
@@ -58,7 +58,9 @@ def pytest_generate_tests(metafunc):
     elif 'each_py3_version' in metafunc.fixturenames:
         metafunc.parametrize('each_py3_version', VERSIONS_3)
     elif 'version_ge_py36' in metafunc.fixturenames:
-        metafunc.parametrize('version_ge_py36', ['3.6', '3.7'])
+        metafunc.parametrize('version_ge_py36', ['3.6', '3.7', '3.8'])
+    elif 'version_ge_py38' in metafunc.fixturenames:
+        metafunc.parametrize('version_ge_py38', ['3.8'])
 
 
 class NormalizerIssueCase(object):
@@ -155,3 +157,9 @@ def works_ge_py3(each_version):
 def works_ge_py35(each_version):
     version_info = parse_version_string(each_version)
     return Checker(each_version, version_info >= (3, 5))
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def works_ge_py38(each_version):
+    version_info = parse_version_string(each_version)
+    return Checker(each_version, version_info >= (3, 8))

parso/__init__.py

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ from parso.grammar import Grammar, load_grammar
 from parso.utils import split_lines, python_bytes_to_unicode
 
 
-__version__ = '0.4.0'
+__version__ = '0.6.0'
 
 
 def parse(code=None, **kwargs):

parso/__init__.pyi

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+from typing import Any, Optional, Union
+
+from parso.grammar import Grammar as Grammar, load_grammar as load_grammar
+from parso.parser import ParserSyntaxError as ParserSyntaxError
+from parso.utils import python_bytes_to_unicode as python_bytes_to_unicode, split_lines as split_lines
+
+__version__: str = ...
+
+def parse(
+    code: Optional[Union[str, bytes]],
+    *,
+    version: Optional[str] = None,
+    error_recovery: bool = True,
+    path: Optional[str] = None,
+    start_symbol: Optional[str] = None,
+    cache: bool = False,
+    diff_cache: bool = False,
+    cache_path: Optional[str] = None,
+) -> Any: ...

parso/_compatibility.py

@@ -1,14 +1,10 @@
 """
-To ensure compatibility from Python ``2.6`` - ``3.3``, a module has been
+To ensure compatibility from Python ``2.7`` - ``3.3``, a module has been
 created. Clearly there is huge need to use conforming syntax.
 """
 import sys
 import platform
 
-# Cannot use sys.version.major and minor names, because in Python 2.6 it's not
-# a namedtuple.
-py_version = int(str(sys.version_info[0]) + str(sys.version_info[1]))
-
 # unicode function
 try:
     unicode = unicode
@@ -39,7 +35,7 @@ def u(string):
     have to cast back to a unicode (and we know that we always deal with valid
     unicode, because we check that in the beginning).
     """
-    if py_version >= 30:
+    if sys.version_info.major >= 3:
         return str(string)
 
     if not isinstance(string, unicode):
@@ -48,8 +44,10 @@ def u(string):
 
 
 try:
+    # Python 2.7
     FileNotFoundError = FileNotFoundError
 except NameError:
+    # Python 3.3+
     FileNotFoundError = IOError
 
 
@@ -65,39 +63,7 @@ def utf8_repr(func):
         else:
             return result
 
-    if py_version >= 30:
+    if sys.version_info.major >= 3:
         return func
     else:
         return wrapper
-
-
-try:
-    from functools import total_ordering
-except ImportError:
-    # Python 2.6
-    def total_ordering(cls):
-        """Class decorator that fills in missing ordering methods"""
-        convert = {
-            '__lt__': [('__gt__', lambda self, other: not (self < other or self == other)),
-                       ('__le__', lambda self, other: self < other or self == other),
-                       ('__ge__', lambda self, other: not self < other)],
-            '__le__': [('__ge__', lambda self, other: not self <= other or self == other),
-                       ('__lt__', lambda self, other: self <= other and not self == other),
-                       ('__gt__', lambda self, other: not self <= other)],
-            '__gt__': [('__lt__', lambda self, other: not (self > other or self == other)),
-                       ('__ge__', lambda self, other: self > other or self == other),
-                       ('__le__', lambda self, other: not self > other)],
-            '__ge__': [('__le__', lambda self, other: (not self >= other) or self == other),
-                       ('__gt__', lambda self, other: self >= other and not self == other),
-                       ('__lt__', lambda self, other: not self >= other)]
-        }
-        roots = set(dir(cls)) & set(convert)
-        if not roots:
-            raise ValueError('must define at least one ordering operation: < > <= >=')
-        root = max(roots)       # prefer __lt__ to __le__ to __gt__ to __ge__
-        for opname, opfunc in convert[root]:
-            if opname not in roots:
-                opfunc.__name__ = opname
-                opfunc.__doc__ = getattr(int, opname).__doc__
-                setattr(cls, opname, opfunc)
-        return cls

parso/cache.py

@@ -17,8 +17,23 @@ from parso._compatibility import FileNotFoundError
 
 LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
+_CACHED_FILE_MINIMUM_SURVIVAL = 60 * 10  # 10 minutes
+"""
+Cached files should survive at least a few minutes.
+"""
+_CACHED_SIZE_TRIGGER = 600
+"""
+This setting limits the amount of cached files. It's basically a way to start
+garbage collection.
 
-_PICKLE_VERSION = 31
+The reasoning for this limit being as big as it is, is the following:
+
+Numpy, Pandas, Matplotlib and Tensorflow together use about 500 files. This
+makes Jedi use ~500mb of memory. Since we might want a bit more than those few
+libraries, we just increase it a bit.
+"""
+
+_PICKLE_VERSION = 33
 """
 Version number (integer) for file system cache.
 
@@ -40,7 +55,7 @@ _VERSION_TAG = '%s-%s%s-%s' % (
 """
 Short name for distinguish Python implementations and versions.
 
-It's like `sys.implementation.cache_tag` but for Python < 3.3
+It's like `sys.implementation.cache_tag` but for Python2
 we generate something similar.  See:
 http://docs.python.org/3/library/sys.html#sys.implementation
 """
@@ -76,20 +91,21 @@ class _NodeCacheItem(object):
         if change_time is None:
             change_time = time.time()
         self.change_time = change_time
+        self.last_used = change_time
 
 
 def load_module(hashed_grammar, file_io, cache_path=None):
     """
     Returns a module or None, if it fails.
     """
-    try:
-        p_time = file_io.get_last_modified()
-    except FileNotFoundError:
+    p_time = file_io.get_last_modified()
+    if p_time is None:
         return None
 
     try:
         module_cache_item = parser_cache[hashed_grammar][file_io.path]
         if p_time <= module_cache_item.change_time:
+            module_cache_item.last_used = time.time()
             return module_cache_item.node
     except KeyError:
         return _load_from_file_system(
@@ -123,11 +139,27 @@ def _load_from_file_system(hashed_grammar, path, p_time, cache_path=None):
     except FileNotFoundError:
         return None
     else:
-        parser_cache.setdefault(hashed_grammar, {})[path] = module_cache_item
+        _set_cache_item(hashed_grammar, path, module_cache_item)
         LOG.debug('pickle loaded: %s', path)
         return module_cache_item.node
 
 
+def _set_cache_item(hashed_grammar, path, module_cache_item):
+    if sum(len(v) for v in parser_cache.values()) >= _CACHED_SIZE_TRIGGER:
+        # Garbage collection of old cache files.
+        # We are basically throwing everything away that hasn't been accessed
+        # in 10 minutes.
+        cutoff_time = time.time() - _CACHED_FILE_MINIMUM_SURVIVAL
+        for key, path_to_item_map in parser_cache.items():
+            parser_cache[key] = {
+                path: node_item
+                for path, node_item in path_to_item_map.items()
+                if node_item.last_used > cutoff_time
+            }
+
+    parser_cache.setdefault(hashed_grammar, {})[path] = module_cache_item
+
+
 def save_module(hashed_grammar, file_io, module, lines, pickling=True, cache_path=None):
     path = file_io.path
     try:
@@ -137,7 +169,7 @@ def save_module(hashed_grammar, file_io, module, lines, pickling=True, cache_pat
         pickling = False
 
     item = _NodeCacheItem(module, lines, p_time)
-    parser_cache.setdefault(hashed_grammar, {})[path] = item
+    _set_cache_item(hashed_grammar, path, item)
     if pickling and path is not None:
         _save_to_file_system(hashed_grammar, path, item, cache_path=cache_path)
 

parso/file_io.py

@@ -14,10 +14,13 @@ class FileIO(object):
 
     def get_last_modified(self):
         """
-        Returns float - timestamp
-        Might raise FileNotFoundError
+        Returns float - timestamp or None, if path doesn't exist.
         """
-        return os.path.getmtime(self.path)
+        try:
+            return os.path.getmtime(self.path)
+        except OSError:
+            # Might raise FileNotFoundError, OSError for Python 2
+            return None
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return '%s(%s)' % (self.__class__.__name__, self.path)

parso/grammar.py

@@ -57,7 +57,8 @@ class Grammar(object):
         :param str path: The path to the file you want to open. Only needed for caching.
         :param bool cache: Keeps a copy of the parser tree in RAM and on disk
             if a path is given. Returns the cached trees if the corresponding
-            files on disk have not changed.
+            files on disk have not changed. Note that this stores pickle files
+            on your file system (e.g. for Linux in ``~/.cache/parso/``).
         :param bool diff_cache: Diffs the cached python module against the new
             code and tries to parse only the parts that have changed. Returns
             the same (changed) module that is found in cache. Using this option
@@ -223,7 +224,7 @@ def load_grammar(**kwargs):
     Loads a :py:class:`parso.Grammar`. The default version is the current Python
     version.
 
-    :param str version: A python version string, e.g. ``version='3.3'``.
+    :param str version: A python version string, e.g. ``version='3.8'``.
     :param str path: A path to a grammar file
     """
     def load_grammar(language='python', version=None, path=None):

parso/grammar.pyi

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+from typing import Any, Callable, Generic, Optional, Sequence, TypeVar, Union
+from typing_extensions import Literal
+
+from parso.utils import PythonVersionInfo
+
+_Token = Any
+_NodeT = TypeVar("_NodeT")
+
+class Grammar(Generic[_NodeT]):
+    _default_normalizer_config: Optional[Any] = ...
+    _error_normalizer_config: Optional[Any] = None
+    _start_nonterminal: str = ...
+    _token_namespace: Optional[str] = None
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        text: str,
+        tokenizer: Callable[[Sequence[str], int], Sequence[_Token]],
+        parser: Any = ...,
+        diff_parser: Any = ...,
+    ) -> None: ...
+    def parse(
+        self,
+        code: Union[str, bytes] = ...,
+        error_recovery: bool = ...,
+        path: Optional[str] = ...,
+        start_symbol: Optional[str] = ...,
+        cache: bool = ...,
+        diff_cache: bool = ...,
+        cache_path: Optional[str] = ...,
+    ) -> _NodeT: ...
+
+class PythonGrammar(Grammar):
+    version_info: PythonVersionInfo
+    def __init__(self, version_info: PythonVersionInfo, bnf_text: str) -> None: ...
+
+def load_grammar(
+    language: Literal["python"] = "python", version: Optional[str] = ..., path: str = ...
+) -> Grammar: ...

parso/normalizer.py

@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ class Normalizer(use_metaclass(_NormalizerMeta)):
         except AttributeError:
             return self.visit_leaf(node)
         else:
-           with self.visit_node(node):
-               return ''.join(self.visit(child) for child in children)
+            with self.visit_node(node):
+                return ''.join(self.visit(child) for child in children)
 
     @contextmanager
     def visit_node(self, node):
@@ -147,7 +147,6 @@ class Issue(object):
         return '<%s: %s>' % (self.__class__.__name__, self.code)
 
 
-
 class Rule(object):
     code = None
     message = None

parso/pgen2/__init__.pyi

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+from parso.pgen2.generator import generate_grammar as generate_grammar

parso/pgen2/generator.py

@@ -309,13 +309,39 @@ def _calculate_tree_traversal(nonterminal_to_dfas):
             _calculate_first_plans(nonterminal_to_dfas, first_plans, nonterminal)
 
     # Now that we have calculated the first terminals, we are sure that
-    # there is no left recursion or ambiguities.
+    # there is no left recursion.
 
     for dfas in nonterminal_to_dfas.values():
         for dfa_state in dfas:
+            transitions = dfa_state.transitions
             for nonterminal, next_dfa in dfa_state.nonterminal_arcs.items():
                 for transition, pushes in first_plans[nonterminal].items():
-                    dfa_state.transitions[transition] = DFAPlan(next_dfa, pushes)
+                    if transition in transitions:
+                        prev_plan = transitions[transition]
+                        # Make sure these are sorted so that error messages are
+                        # at least deterministic
+                        choices = sorted([
+                            (
+                                prev_plan.dfa_pushes[0].from_rule
+                                if prev_plan.dfa_pushes
+                                else prev_plan.next_dfa.from_rule
+                            ),
+                            (
+                                pushes[0].from_rule
+                                if pushes else next_dfa.from_rule
+                            ),
+                        ])
+                        raise ValueError(
+                            "Rule %s is ambiguous; given a %s token, we "
+                            "can't determine if we should evaluate %s or %s."
+                            % (
+                                (
+                                    dfa_state.from_rule,
+                                    transition,
+                                ) + tuple(choices)
+                            )
+                        )
+                    transitions[transition] = DFAPlan(next_dfa, pushes)
 
 
 def _calculate_first_plans(nonterminal_to_dfas, first_plans, nonterminal):
@@ -345,13 +371,6 @@ def _calculate_first_plans(nonterminal_to_dfas, first_plans, nonterminal):
                 raise ValueError("left recursion for rule %r" % nonterminal)
 
         for t, pushes in first_plans2.items():
-            check = new_first_plans.get(t)
-            if check is not None:
-                raise ValueError(
-                    "Rule %s is ambiguous; %s is the"
-                    " start of the rule %s as well as %s."
-                    % (nonterminal, t, nonterminal2, check[-1].from_rule)
-                )
             new_first_plans[t] = [next_] + pushes
 
     first_plans[nonterminal] = new_first_plans

parso/pgen2/generator.pyi

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+from typing import Any, Generic, Mapping, Sequence, Set, TypeVar, Union
+
+from parso.pgen2.grammar_parser import NFAState
+
+_TokenTypeT = TypeVar("_TokenTypeT")
+
+class Grammar(Generic[_TokenTypeT]):
+    nonterminal_to_dfas: Mapping[str, Sequence[DFAState[_TokenTypeT]]]
+    reserved_syntax_strings: Mapping[str, ReservedString]
+    start_nonterminal: str
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        start_nonterminal: str,
+        rule_to_dfas: Mapping[str, Sequence[DFAState]],
+        reserved_syntax_strings: Mapping[str, ReservedString],
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+class DFAPlan:
+    next_dfa: DFAState
+    dfa_pushes: Sequence[DFAState]
+
+class DFAState(Generic[_TokenTypeT]):
+    from_rule: str
+    nfa_set: Set[NFAState]
+    is_final: bool
+    arcs: Mapping[str, DFAState]  # map from all terminals/nonterminals to DFAState
+    nonterminal_arcs: Mapping[str, DFAState]
+    transitions: Mapping[Union[_TokenTypeT, ReservedString], DFAPlan]
+    def __init__(
+        self, from_rule: str, nfa_set: Set[NFAState], final: NFAState
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+class ReservedString:
+    value: str
+    def __init__(self, value: str) -> None: ...
+    def __repr__(self) -> str: ...
+
+def generate_grammar(bnf_grammar: str, token_namespace: Any) -> Grammar[Any]: ...

parso/pgen2/grammar_parser.py

@@ -141,6 +141,9 @@ class NFAArc(object):
         self.next = next_
         self.nonterminal_or_string = nonterminal_or_string
 
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<%s: %s>' % (self.__class__.__name__, self.nonterminal_or_string)
+
 
 class NFAState(object):
     def __init__(self, from_rule):

parso/pgen2/grammar_parser.pyi

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+from typing import Generator, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from parso.python.token import TokenType
+
+class GrammarParser:
+    generator: Generator[TokenType, None, None]
+    def __init__(self, bnf_grammar: str) -> None: ...
+    def parse(self) -> Generator[Tuple[NFAState, NFAState], None, None]: ...
+
+class NFAArc:
+    next: NFAState
+    nonterminal_or_string: Optional[str]
+    def __init__(
+        self, next_: NFAState, nonterminal_or_string: Optional[str]
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+class NFAState:
+    from_rule: str
+    arcs: List[NFAArc]
+    def __init__(self, from_rule: str) -> None: ...

parso/python/errors.py

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ def _is_future_import(import_from):
     # It looks like a __future__ import that is relative is still a future
     # import. That feels kind of odd, but whatever.
     # if import_from.level != 0:
-        # return False
+    #     return False
     from_names = import_from.get_from_names()
     return [n.value for n in from_names] == ['__future__']
 
@@ -94,19 +94,32 @@ def _is_future_import_first(import_from):
 
 
 def _iter_definition_exprs_from_lists(exprlist):
-    for child in exprlist.children[::2]:
-        if child.type == 'atom' and child.children[0] in ('(', '['):
-            testlist_comp = child.children[0]
-            if testlist_comp.type == 'testlist_comp':
-                for expr in _iter_definition_exprs_from_lists(testlist_comp):
-                    yield expr
-                continue
+    def check_expr(child):
+        if child.type == 'atom':
+            if child.children[0] == '(':
+                testlist_comp = child.children[1]
+                if testlist_comp.type == 'testlist_comp':
+                    for expr in _iter_definition_exprs_from_lists(testlist_comp):
+                        yield expr
+                    return
+                else:
+                    # It's a paren that doesn't do anything, like 1 + (1)
+                    for c in check_expr(testlist_comp):
+                        yield c
+                    return
             elif child.children[0] == '[':
                 yield testlist_comp
-                continue
-
+                return
         yield child
 
+    if exprlist.type in _STAR_EXPR_PARENTS:
+        for child in exprlist.children[::2]:
+            for c in check_expr(child):  # Python 2 sucks
+                yield c
+    else:
+        for c in check_expr(exprlist):  # Python 2 sucks
+            yield c
+
 
 def _get_expr_stmt_definition_exprs(expr_stmt):
     exprs = []
@@ -120,8 +133,6 @@ def _get_expr_stmt_definition_exprs(expr_stmt):
 
 def _get_for_stmt_definition_exprs(for_stmt):
     exprlist = for_stmt.children[1]
-    if exprlist.type != 'exprlist':
-        return [exprlist]
     return list(_iter_definition_exprs_from_lists(exprlist))
 
 
@@ -165,8 +176,7 @@ class _Context(object):
         self._analyze_names(self._global_names, 'global')
         self._analyze_names(self._nonlocal_names, 'nonlocal')
 
-        # Python2.6 doesn't have dict comprehensions.
-        global_name_strs = dict((n.value, n) for n in self._global_names)
+        global_name_strs = {n.value: n for n in self._global_names}
         for nonlocal_name in self._nonlocal_names:
             try:
                 global_name = global_name_strs[nonlocal_name.value]
@@ -478,38 +488,38 @@ class _StringChecks(SyntaxRule):
     message = "bytes can only contain ASCII literal characters."
 
     def is_issue(self, leaf):
-            string_prefix = leaf.string_prefix.lower()
-            if 'b' in string_prefix \
-                    and self._normalizer.version >= (3, 0) \
-                    and any(c for c in leaf.value if ord(c) > 127):
-                # b'ä'
-                return True
+        string_prefix = leaf.string_prefix.lower()
+        if 'b' in string_prefix \
+                and self._normalizer.version >= (3, 0) \
+                and any(c for c in leaf.value if ord(c) > 127):
+            # b'ä'
+            return True
 
-            if 'r' not in string_prefix:
-                # Raw strings don't need to be checked if they have proper
-                # escaping.
-                is_bytes = self._normalizer.version < (3, 0)
-                if 'b' in string_prefix:
-                    is_bytes = True
-                if 'u' in string_prefix:
-                    is_bytes = False
+        if 'r' not in string_prefix:
+            # Raw strings don't need to be checked if they have proper
+            # escaping.
+            is_bytes = self._normalizer.version < (3, 0)
+            if 'b' in string_prefix:
+                is_bytes = True
+            if 'u' in string_prefix:
+                is_bytes = False
 
-                payload = leaf._get_payload()
-                if is_bytes:
-                    payload = payload.encode('utf-8')
-                    func = codecs.escape_decode
-                else:
-                    func = codecs.unicode_escape_decode
+            payload = leaf._get_payload()
+            if is_bytes:
+                payload = payload.encode('utf-8')
+                func = codecs.escape_decode
+            else:
+                func = codecs.unicode_escape_decode
 
-                try:
-                    with warnings.catch_warnings():
-                        # The warnings from parsing strings are not relevant.
-                        warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')
-                        func(payload)
-                except UnicodeDecodeError as e:
-                    self.add_issue(leaf, message='(unicode error) ' + str(e))
-                except ValueError as e:
-                    self.add_issue(leaf, message='(value error) ' + str(e))
+            try:
+                with warnings.catch_warnings():
+                    # The warnings from parsing strings are not relevant.
+                    warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')
+                    func(payload)
+            except UnicodeDecodeError as e:
+                self.add_issue(leaf, message='(unicode error) ' + str(e))
+            except ValueError as e:
+                self.add_issue(leaf, message='(value error) ' + str(e))
 
 
 @ErrorFinder.register_rule(value='*')
@@ -586,7 +596,7 @@ class _TrailingImportComma(SyntaxRule):
     message = "trailing comma not allowed without surrounding parentheses"
 
     def is_issue(self, node):
-        if node.children[-1] == ',':
+        if node.children[-1] == ',' and node.parent.children[-1] != ')':
             return True
 
 
@@ -853,6 +863,7 @@ class _TryStmtRule(SyntaxRule):
 @ErrorFinder.register_rule(type='fstring')
 class _FStringRule(SyntaxRule):
     _fstring_grammar = None
+    message_expr = "f-string expression part cannot include a backslash"
     message_nested = "f-string: expressions nested too deeply"
     message_conversion = "f-string: invalid conversion character: expected 's', 'r', or 'a'"
 
@@ -863,6 +874,10 @@ class _FStringRule(SyntaxRule):
         if depth >= 2:
             self.add_issue(fstring_expr, message=self.message_nested)
 
+        expr = fstring_expr.children[1]
+        if '\\' in expr.get_code():
+            self.add_issue(expr, message=self.message_expr)
+
         conversion = fstring_expr.children[2]
         if conversion.type == 'fstring_conversion':
             name = conversion.children[1]
@@ -883,7 +898,7 @@ class _FStringRule(SyntaxRule):
 
 
 class _CheckAssignmentRule(SyntaxRule):
-    def _check_assignment(self, node, is_deletion=False):
+    def _check_assignment(self, node, is_deletion=False, is_namedexpr=False):
         error = None
         type_ = node.type
         if type_ == 'lambdef':
@@ -904,12 +919,20 @@ class _CheckAssignmentRule(SyntaxRule):
                     if second.type == 'yield_expr':
                         error = 'yield expression'
                     elif second.type == 'testlist_comp':
+                        # ([a, b] := [1, 2])
+                        # ((a, b) := [1, 2])
+                        if is_namedexpr:
+                            if first == '(':
+                                error = 'tuple'
+                            elif first == '[':
+                                error = 'list'
+
                         # This is not a comprehension, they were handled
                         # further above.
                         for child in second.children[::2]:
-                            self._check_assignment(child, is_deletion)
+                            self._check_assignment(child, is_deletion, is_namedexpr)
                     else:  # Everything handled, must be useless brackets.
-                        self._check_assignment(second, is_deletion)
+                        self._check_assignment(second, is_deletion, is_namedexpr)
         elif type_ == 'keyword':
             if self._normalizer.version < (3, 8):
                 error = 'keyword'
@@ -939,34 +962,39 @@ class _CheckAssignmentRule(SyntaxRule):
                 assert trailer.type == 'trailer'
                 if trailer.children[0] == '(':
                     error = 'function call'
+                elif is_namedexpr and trailer.children[0] == '[':
+                    error = 'subscript'
+                elif is_namedexpr and trailer.children[0] == '.':
+                    error = 'attribute'
         elif type_ in ('testlist_star_expr', 'exprlist', 'testlist'):
             for child in node.children[::2]:
-                self._check_assignment(child, is_deletion)
+                self._check_assignment(child, is_deletion, is_namedexpr)
         elif ('expr' in type_ and type_ != 'star_expr'  # is a substring
               or '_test' in type_
               or type_ in ('term', 'factor')):
             error = 'operator'
 
         if error is not None:
-            cannot = "can't" if self._normalizer.version < (3, 8) else "cannot"
-            message = ' '.join([cannot, "delete" if is_deletion else "assign to", error])
+            if is_namedexpr:
+                # c.f. CPython bpo-39176, should be changed in next release
+                # message = 'cannot use assignment expressions with %s' % error
+                message = 'cannot use named assignment with %s' % error
+            else:
+                cannot = "can't" if self._normalizer.version < (3, 8) else "cannot"
+                message = ' '.join([cannot, "delete" if is_deletion else "assign to", error])
             self.add_issue(node, message=message)
 
 
-@ErrorFinder.register_rule(type='comp_for')
 @ErrorFinder.register_rule(type='sync_comp_for')
 class _CompForRule(_CheckAssignmentRule):
     message = "asynchronous comprehension outside of an asynchronous function"
 
     def is_issue(self, node):
-        # Some of the nodes here are already used, so no else if
-        if node.type != 'comp_for' or self._normalizer.version < (3, 8):
-            # comp_for was replaced by sync_comp_for in Python 3.8.
-            expr_list = node.children[1 + int(node.children[0] == 'async')]
-            if expr_list.type != 'expr_list':  # Already handled.
-                self._check_assignment(expr_list)
+        expr_list = node.children[1]
+        if expr_list.type != 'expr_list':  # Already handled.
+            self._check_assignment(expr_list)
 
-        return node.children[0] == 'async' \
+        return node.parent.children[0] == 'async' \
             and not self._normalizer.context.is_async_funcdef()
 
 
@@ -1012,3 +1040,71 @@ class _ForStmtRule(_CheckAssignmentRule):
         expr_list = for_stmt.children[1]
         if expr_list.type != 'expr_list':  # Already handled.
             self._check_assignment(expr_list)
+
+
+@ErrorFinder.register_rule(type='namedexpr_test')
+class _NamedExprRule(_CheckAssignmentRule):
+    # namedexpr_test: test [':=' test]
+
+    def is_issue(self, namedexpr_test):
+        # assigned name
+        first = namedexpr_test.children[0]
+
+        def search_namedexpr_in_comp_for(node):
+            while True:
+                parent = node.parent
+                if parent is None:
+                    return parent
+                if parent.type == 'sync_comp_for' and parent.children[3] == node:
+                    return parent
+                node = parent
+
+        if search_namedexpr_in_comp_for(namedexpr_test):
+            # [i+1 for i in (i := range(5))]
+            # [i+1 for i in (j := range(5))]
+            # [i+1 for i in (lambda: (j := range(5)))()]
+            message = 'assignment expression cannot be used in a comprehension iterable expression'
+            self.add_issue(namedexpr_test, message=message)
+
+        # defined names
+        exprlist = list()
+
+        def process_comp_for(comp_for):
+            if comp_for.type == 'sync_comp_for':
+                comp = comp_for
+            elif comp_for.type == 'comp_for':
+                comp = comp_for.children[1]
+            exprlist.extend(_get_for_stmt_definition_exprs(comp))
+
+        def search_all_comp_ancestors(node):
+            has_ancestors = False
+            while True:
+                node = search_ancestor(node, 'testlist_comp', 'dictorsetmaker')
+                if node is None:
+                    break
+                for child in node.children:
+                    if child.type in _COMP_FOR_TYPES:
+                        process_comp_for(child)
+                        has_ancestors = True
+                        break
+            return has_ancestors
+
+        # check assignment expressions in comprehensions
+        search_all = search_all_comp_ancestors(namedexpr_test)
+        if search_all:
+            if self._normalizer.context.node.type == 'classdef':
+                message = 'assignment expression within a comprehension ' \
+                          'cannot be used in a class body'
+                self.add_issue(namedexpr_test, message=message)
+
+            namelist = [expr.value for expr in exprlist if expr.type == 'name']
+            if first.type == 'name' and first.value in namelist:
+                # [i := 0 for i, j in range(5)]
+                # [[(i := i) for j in range(5)] for i in range(5)]
+                # [i for i, j in range(5) if True or (i := 1)]
+                # [False and (i := 0) for i, j in range(5)]
+                message = 'assignment expression cannot rebind ' \
+                          'comprehension iteration variable %r' % first.value
+                self.add_issue(namedexpr_test, message=message)
+
+        self._check_assignment(first, is_namedexpr=True)

parso/python/grammar26.txt

@@ -1,159 +0,0 @@
-# Grammar for Python
-
-# Note:  Changing the grammar specified in this file will most likely
-#        require corresponding changes in the parser module
-#        (../Modules/parsermodule.c).  If you can't make the changes to
-#        that module yourself, please co-ordinate the required changes
-#        with someone who can; ask around on python-dev for help.  Fred
-#        Drake <fdrake@acm.org> will probably be listening there.
-
-# NOTE WELL: You should also follow all the steps listed in PEP 306,
-# "How to Change Python's Grammar"
-
-# Commands for Kees Blom's railroad program
-#diagram:token NAME
-#diagram:token NUMBER
-#diagram:token STRING
-#diagram:token NEWLINE
-#diagram:token ENDMARKER
-#diagram:token INDENT
-#diagram:output\input python.bla
-#diagram:token DEDENT
-#diagram:output\textwidth 20.04cm\oddsidemargin  0.0cm\evensidemargin 0.0cm
-#diagram:rules
-
-# Start symbols for the grammar:
-#	single_input is a single interactive statement;
-#	file_input is a module or sequence of commands read from an input file;
-#	eval_input is the input for the eval() and input() functions.
-# NB: compound_stmt in single_input is followed by extra NEWLINE!
-single_input: NEWLINE | simple_stmt | compound_stmt NEWLINE
-file_input: (NEWLINE | stmt)* ENDMARKER
-eval_input: testlist NEWLINE* ENDMARKER
-
-decorator: '@' dotted_name [ '(' [arglist] ')' ] NEWLINE
-decorators: decorator+
-decorated: decorators (classdef | funcdef)
-funcdef: 'def' NAME parameters ':' suite
-parameters: '(' [varargslist] ')'
-varargslist: ((fpdef ['=' test] ',')*
-              ('*' NAME [',' '**' NAME] | '**' NAME) |
-              fpdef ['=' test] (',' fpdef ['=' test])* [','])
-fpdef: NAME | '(' fplist ')'
-fplist: fpdef (',' fpdef)* [',']
-
-stmt: simple_stmt | compound_stmt
-simple_stmt: small_stmt (';' small_stmt)* [';'] NEWLINE
-small_stmt: (expr_stmt | print_stmt  | del_stmt | pass_stmt | flow_stmt |
-             import_stmt | global_stmt | exec_stmt | assert_stmt)
-expr_stmt: testlist (augassign (yield_expr|testlist) |
-                     ('=' (yield_expr|testlist))*)
-augassign: ('+=' | '-=' | '*=' | '/=' | '%=' | '&=' | '|=' | '^=' |
-            '<<=' | '>>=' | '**=' | '//=')
-# For normal assignments, additional restrictions enforced by the interpreter
-print_stmt: 'print' ( [ test (',' test)* [','] ] |
-                      '>>' test [ (',' test)+ [','] ] )
-del_stmt: 'del' exprlist
-pass_stmt: 'pass'
-flow_stmt: break_stmt | continue_stmt | return_stmt | raise_stmt | yield_stmt
-break_stmt: 'break'
-continue_stmt: 'continue'
-return_stmt: 'return' [testlist]
-yield_stmt: yield_expr
-raise_stmt: 'raise' [test [',' test [',' test]]]
-import_stmt: import_name | import_from
-import_name: 'import' dotted_as_names
-import_from: ('from' ('.'* dotted_name | '.'+)
-              'import' ('*' | '(' import_as_names ')' | import_as_names))
-import_as_name: NAME ['as' NAME]
-dotted_as_name: dotted_name ['as' NAME]
-import_as_names: import_as_name (',' import_as_name)* [',']
-dotted_as_names: dotted_as_name (',' dotted_as_name)*
-dotted_name: NAME ('.' NAME)*
-global_stmt: 'global' NAME (',' NAME)*
-exec_stmt: 'exec' expr ['in' test [',' test]]
-assert_stmt: 'assert' test [',' test]
-
-compound_stmt: if_stmt | while_stmt | for_stmt | try_stmt | with_stmt | funcdef | classdef | decorated
-if_stmt: 'if' test ':' suite ('elif' test ':' suite)* ['else' ':' suite]
-while_stmt: 'while' test ':' suite ['else' ':' suite]
-for_stmt: 'for' exprlist 'in' testlist ':' suite ['else' ':' suite]
-try_stmt: ('try' ':' suite
-           ((except_clause ':' suite)+
-	    ['else' ':' suite]
-	    ['finally' ':' suite] |
-	   'finally' ':' suite))
-with_stmt: 'with' with_item ':' suite
-# Dave: Python2.6 actually defines a little bit of a different label called
-#       'with_var'. However in 2.7+ this is the default. Apply it for
-#       consistency reasons.
-with_item: test ['as' expr]
-# NB compile.c makes sure that the default except clause is last
-except_clause: 'except' [test [('as' | ',') test]]
-suite: simple_stmt | NEWLINE INDENT stmt+ DEDENT
-
-# Backward compatibility cruft to support:
-# [ x for x in lambda: True, lambda: False if x() ]
-# even while also allowing:
-# lambda x: 5 if x else 2
-# (But not a mix of the two)
-testlist_safe: old_test [(',' old_test)+ [',']]
-old_test: or_test | old_lambdef
-old_lambdef: 'lambda' [varargslist] ':' old_test
-
-test: or_test ['if' or_test 'else' test] | lambdef
-or_test: and_test ('or' and_test)*
-and_test: not_test ('and' not_test)*
-not_test: 'not' not_test | comparison
-comparison: expr (comp_op expr)*
-comp_op: '<'|'>'|'=='|'>='|'<='|'<>'|'!='|'in'|'not' 'in'|'is'|'is' 'not'
-expr: xor_expr ('|' xor_expr)*
-xor_expr: and_expr ('^' and_expr)*
-and_expr: shift_expr ('&' shift_expr)*
-shift_expr: arith_expr (('<<'|'>>') arith_expr)*
-arith_expr: term (('+'|'-') term)*
-term: factor (('*'|'/'|'%'|'//') factor)*
-factor: ('+'|'-'|'~') factor | power
-power: atom trailer* ['**' factor]
-atom: ('(' [yield_expr|testlist_comp] ')' |
-       '[' [listmaker] ']' |
-       '{' [dictorsetmaker] '}' |
-       '`' testlist1 '`' |
-       NAME | NUMBER | strings)
-strings: STRING+
-listmaker: test ( list_for | (',' test)* [','] )
-# Dave: Renamed testlist_gexpr to testlist_comp, because in 2.7+ this is the
-#       default. It's more consistent like this.
-testlist_comp: test ( gen_for | (',' test)* [','] )
-lambdef: 'lambda' [varargslist] ':' test
-trailer: '(' [arglist] ')' | '[' subscriptlist ']' | '.' NAME
-subscriptlist: subscript (',' subscript)* [',']
-subscript: '.' '.' '.' | test | [test] ':' [test] [sliceop]
-sliceop: ':' [test]
-exprlist: expr (',' expr)* [',']
-testlist: test (',' test)* [',']
-# Dave: Rename from dictmaker to dictorsetmaker, because this is more
-#       consistent with the following grammars.
-dictorsetmaker: test ':' test (',' test ':' test)* [',']
-
-classdef: 'class' NAME ['(' [testlist] ')'] ':' suite
-
-arglist: (argument ',')* (argument [',']
-                         |'*' test (',' argument)* [',' '**' test] 
-                         |'**' test)
-argument: test [gen_for] | test '=' test  # Really [keyword '='] test
-
-list_iter: list_for | list_if
-list_for: 'for' exprlist 'in' testlist_safe [list_iter]
-list_if: 'if' old_test [list_iter]
-
-gen_iter: gen_for | gen_if
-gen_for: 'for' exprlist 'in' or_test [gen_iter]
-gen_if: 'if' old_test [gen_iter]
-
-testlist1: test (',' test)*
-
-# not used in grammar, but may appear in "node" passed from Parser to Compiler
-encoding_decl: NAME
-
-yield_expr: 'yield' [testlist]

parso/python/grammar27.txt

@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ atom: ('(' [yield_expr|testlist_comp] ')' |
        NAME | NUMBER | strings)
 strings: STRING+
 listmaker: test ( list_for | (',' test)* [','] )
-testlist_comp: test ( comp_for | (',' test)* [','] )
+testlist_comp: test ( sync_comp_for | (',' test)* [','] )
 lambdef: 'lambda' [varargslist] ':' test
 trailer: '(' [arglist] ')' | '[' subscriptlist ']' | '.' NAME
 subscriptlist: subscript (',' subscript)* [',']
@@ -115,8 +115,8 @@ subscript: '.' '.' '.' | test | [test] ':' [test] [sliceop]
 sliceop: ':' [test]
 exprlist: expr (',' expr)* [',']
 testlist: test (',' test)* [',']
-dictorsetmaker: ( (test ':' test (comp_for | (',' test ':' test)* [','])) |
-                  (test (comp_for | (',' test)* [','])) )
+dictorsetmaker: ( (test ':' test (sync_comp_for | (',' test ':' test)* [','])) |
+                  (test (sync_comp_for | (',' test)* [','])) )
 
 classdef: 'class' NAME ['(' [testlist] ')'] ':' suite
 
@@ -125,14 +125,14 @@ arglist: (argument ',')* (argument [',']
                          |'**' test)
 # The reason that keywords are test nodes instead of NAME is that using NAME
 # results in an ambiguity. ast.c makes sure it's a NAME.
-argument: test [comp_for] | test '=' test
+argument: test [sync_comp_for] | test '=' test
 
 list_iter: list_for | list_if
 list_for: 'for' exprlist 'in' testlist_safe [list_iter]
 list_if: 'if' old_test [list_iter]
 
-comp_iter: comp_for | comp_if
-comp_for: 'for' exprlist 'in' or_test [comp_iter]
+comp_iter: sync_comp_for | comp_if
+sync_comp_for: 'for' exprlist 'in' or_test [comp_iter]
 comp_if: 'if' old_test [comp_iter]
 
 testlist1: test (',' test)*

parso/python/grammar33.txt

@@ -105,15 +105,15 @@ atom: ('(' [yield_expr|testlist_comp] ')' |
        '{' [dictorsetmaker] '}' |
        NAME | NUMBER | strings | '...' | 'None' | 'True' | 'False')
 strings: STRING+
-testlist_comp: (test|star_expr) ( comp_for | (',' (test|star_expr))* [','] )
+testlist_comp: (test|star_expr) ( sync_comp_for | (',' (test|star_expr))* [','] )
 trailer: '(' [arglist] ')' | '[' subscriptlist ']' | '.' NAME
 subscriptlist: subscript (',' subscript)* [',']
 subscript: test | [test] ':' [test] [sliceop]
 sliceop: ':' [test]
 exprlist: (expr|star_expr) (',' (expr|star_expr))* [',']
 testlist: test (',' test)* [',']
-dictorsetmaker: ( (test ':' test (comp_for | (',' test ':' test)* [','])) |
-                  (test (comp_for | (',' test)* [','])) )
+dictorsetmaker: ( (test ':' test (sync_comp_for | (',' test ':' test)* [','])) |
+                  (test (sync_comp_for | (',' test)* [','])) )
 
 classdef: 'class' NAME ['(' [arglist] ')'] ':' suite
 
@@ -122,9 +122,9 @@ arglist: (argument ',')* (argument [',']
                          |'**' test)
 # The reason that keywords are test nodes instead of NAME is that using NAME
 # results in an ambiguity. ast.c makes sure it's a NAME.
-argument: test [comp_for] | test '=' test  # Really [keyword '='] test
-comp_iter: comp_for | comp_if
-comp_for: 'for' exprlist 'in' or_test [comp_iter]
+argument: test [sync_comp_for] | test '=' test  # Really [keyword '='] test
+comp_iter: sync_comp_for | comp_if
+sync_comp_for: 'for' exprlist 'in' or_test [comp_iter]
 comp_if: 'if' test_nocond [comp_iter]
 
 # not used in grammar, but may appear in "node" passed from Parser to Compiler

parso/python/grammar34.txt

@@ -105,15 +105,15 @@ atom: ('(' [yield_expr|testlist_comp] ')' |
        '{' [dictorsetmaker] '}' |
        NAME | NUMBER | strings | '...' | 'None' | 'True' | 'False')
 strings: STRING+
-testlist_comp: (test|star_expr) ( comp_for | (',' (test|star_expr))* [','] )
+testlist_comp: (test|star_expr) ( sync_comp_for | (',' (test|star_expr))* [','] )
 trailer: '(' [arglist] ')' | '[' subscriptlist ']' | '.' NAME
 subscriptlist: subscript (',' subscript)* [',']
 subscript: test | [test] ':' [test] [sliceop]
 sliceop: ':' [test]
 exprlist: (expr|star_expr) (',' (expr|star_expr))* [',']
 testlist: test (',' test)* [',']
-dictorsetmaker: ( (test ':' test (comp_for | (',' test ':' test)* [','])) |
-                  (test (comp_for | (',' test)* [','])) )
+dictorsetmaker: ( (test ':' test (sync_comp_for | (',' test ':' test)* [','])) |
+                  (test (sync_comp_for | (',' test)* [','])) )
 
 classdef: 'class' NAME ['(' [arglist] ')'] ':' suite
 
@@ -122,9 +122,9 @@ arglist: (argument ',')* (argument [',']
                          |'**' test)
 # The reason that keywords are test nodes instead of NAME is that using NAME
 # results in an ambiguity. ast.c makes sure it's a NAME.
-argument: test [comp_for] | test '=' test  # Really [keyword '='] test
-comp_iter: comp_for | comp_if
-comp_for: 'for' exprlist 'in' or_test [comp_iter]
+argument: test [sync_comp_for] | test '=' test  # Really [keyword '='] test
+comp_iter: sync_comp_for | comp_if
+sync_comp_for: 'for' exprlist 'in' or_test [comp_iter]
 comp_if: 'if' test_nocond [comp_iter]
 
 # not used in grammar, but may appear in "node" passed from Parser to Compiler

parso/python/grammar35.txt

@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ atom: ('(' [yield_expr|testlist_comp] ')' |
        '{' [dictorsetmaker] '}' |
        NAME | NUMBER | strings | '...' | 'None' | 'True' | 'False')
 strings: STRING+
-testlist_comp: (test|star_expr) ( comp_for | (',' (test|star_expr))* [','] )
+testlist_comp: (test|star_expr) ( sync_comp_for | (',' (test|star_expr))* [','] )
 trailer: '(' [arglist] ')' | '[' subscriptlist ']' | '.' NAME
 subscriptlist: subscript (',' subscript)* [',']
 subscript: test | [test] ':' [test] [sliceop]
@@ -120,9 +120,9 @@ sliceop: ':' [test]
 exprlist: (expr|star_expr) (',' (expr|star_expr))* [',']
 testlist: test (',' test)* [',']
 dictorsetmaker: ( ((test ':' test | '**' expr)
-                   (comp_for | (',' (test ':' test | '**' expr))* [','])) |
+                   (sync_comp_for | (',' (test ':' test | '**' expr))* [','])) |
                   ((test | star_expr)
-                   (comp_for | (',' (test | star_expr))* [','])) )
+                   (sync_comp_for | (',' (test | star_expr))* [','])) )
 
 classdef: 'class' NAME ['(' [arglist] ')'] ':' suite
 
@@ -137,13 +137,13 @@ arglist: argument (',' argument)*  [',']
 # Illegal combinations and orderings are blocked in ast.c:
 # multiple (test comp_for) arguments are blocked; keyword unpackings
 # that precede iterable unpackings are blocked; etc.
-argument: ( test [comp_for] |
+argument: ( test [sync_comp_for] |
             test '=' test |
             '**' test |
             '*' test )
 
-comp_iter: comp_for | comp_if
-comp_for: 'for' exprlist 'in' or_test [comp_iter]
+comp_iter: sync_comp_for | comp_if
+sync_comp_for: 'for' exprlist 'in' or_test [comp_iter]
 comp_if: 'if' test_nocond [comp_iter]
 
 # not used in grammar, but may appear in "node" passed from Parser to Compiler

parso/python/grammar36.txt

@@ -140,7 +140,8 @@ argument: ( test [comp_for] |
             '*' test )
 
 comp_iter: comp_for | comp_if
-comp_for: ['async'] 'for' exprlist 'in' or_test [comp_iter]
+sync_comp_for: 'for' exprlist 'in' or_test [comp_iter]
+comp_for: ['async'] sync_comp_for
 comp_if: 'if' test_nocond [comp_iter]
 
 # not used in grammar, but may appear in "node" passed from Parser to Compiler

parso/python/grammar37.txt

@@ -138,7 +138,8 @@ argument: ( test [comp_for] |
             '*' test )
 
 comp_iter: comp_for | comp_if
-comp_for: ['async'] 'for' exprlist 'in' or_test [comp_iter]
+sync_comp_for: 'for' exprlist 'in' or_test [comp_iter]
+comp_for: ['async'] sync_comp_for
 comp_if: 'if' test_nocond [comp_iter]
 
 # not used in grammar, but may appear in "node" passed from Parser to Compiler

parso/python/grammar38.txt

@@ -20,13 +20,25 @@ async_funcdef: 'async' funcdef
 funcdef: 'def' NAME parameters ['->' test] ':' suite
 
 parameters: '(' [typedargslist] ')'
-typedargslist: (tfpdef ['=' test] (',' tfpdef ['=' test])* [',' [
+typedargslist: (
+  (tfpdef ['=' test] (',' tfpdef ['=' test])* ',' '/' [',' [ tfpdef ['=' test] (
+        ',' tfpdef ['=' test])* ([',' [
+        '*' [tfpdef] (',' tfpdef ['=' test])* [',' ['**' tfpdef [',']]]
+      | '**' tfpdef [',']]])
+  | '*' [tfpdef] (',' tfpdef ['=' test])* ([',' ['**' tfpdef [',']]])
+  | '**' tfpdef [',']]] )
+|  (tfpdef ['=' test] (',' tfpdef ['=' test])* [',' [
         '*' [tfpdef] (',' tfpdef ['=' test])* [',' ['**' tfpdef [',']]]
       | '**' tfpdef [',']]]
   | '*' [tfpdef] (',' tfpdef ['=' test])* [',' ['**' tfpdef [',']]]
   | '**' tfpdef [','])
+)
 tfpdef: NAME [':' test]
-varargslist: (vfpdef ['=' test] (',' vfpdef ['=' test])* [',' [
+varargslist: vfpdef ['=' test ](',' vfpdef ['=' test])* ',' '/' [',' [ (vfpdef ['=' test] (',' vfpdef ['=' test])* [',' [
+        '*' [vfpdef] (',' vfpdef ['=' test])* [',' ['**' vfpdef [',']]]
+      | '**' vfpdef [',']]]
+  | '*' [vfpdef] (',' vfpdef ['=' test])* [',' ['**' vfpdef [',']]]
+  | '**' vfpdef [',']) ]] | (vfpdef ['=' test] (',' vfpdef ['=' test])* [',' [
         '*' [vfpdef] (',' vfpdef ['=' test])* [',' ['**' vfpdef [',']]]
       | '**' vfpdef [',']]]
   | '*' [vfpdef] (',' vfpdef ['=' test])* [',' ['**' vfpdef [',']]]
@@ -69,8 +81,8 @@ assert_stmt: 'assert' test [',' test]
 
 compound_stmt: if_stmt | while_stmt | for_stmt | try_stmt | with_stmt | funcdef | classdef | decorated | async_stmt
 async_stmt: 'async' (funcdef | with_stmt | for_stmt)
-if_stmt: 'if' test ':' suite ('elif' test ':' suite)* ['else' ':' suite]
-while_stmt: 'while' test ':' suite ['else' ':' suite]
+if_stmt: 'if' namedexpr_test ':' suite ('elif' namedexpr_test ':' suite)* ['else' ':' suite]
+while_stmt: 'while' namedexpr_test ':' suite ['else' ':' suite]
 for_stmt: 'for' exprlist 'in' testlist ':' suite ['else' ':' suite]
 try_stmt: ('try' ':' suite
            ((except_clause ':' suite)+
@@ -83,6 +95,7 @@ with_item: test ['as' expr]
 except_clause: 'except' [test ['as' NAME]]
 suite: simple_stmt | NEWLINE INDENT stmt+ DEDENT
 
+namedexpr_test: test [':=' test]
 test: or_test ['if' or_test 'else' test] | lambdef
 test_nocond: or_test | lambdef_nocond
 lambdef: 'lambda' [varargslist] ':' test
@@ -108,7 +121,7 @@ atom: ('(' [yield_expr|testlist_comp] ')' |
        '[' [testlist_comp] ']' |
        '{' [dictorsetmaker] '}' |
        NAME | NUMBER | strings | '...' | 'None' | 'True' | 'False')
-testlist_comp: (test|star_expr) ( comp_for | (',' (test|star_expr))* [','] )
+testlist_comp: (namedexpr_test|star_expr) ( comp_for | (',' (namedexpr_test|star_expr))* [','] )
 trailer: '(' [arglist] ')' | '[' subscriptlist ']' | '.' NAME
 subscriptlist: subscript (',' subscript)* [',']
 subscript: test | [test] ':' [test] [sliceop]
@@ -134,6 +147,7 @@ arglist: argument (',' argument)*  [',']
 # multiple (test comp_for) arguments are blocked; keyword unpackings
 # that precede iterable unpackings are blocked; etc.
 argument: ( test [comp_for] |
+            test ':=' test |
             test '=' test |
             '**' test |
             '*' test )
@@ -153,5 +167,5 @@ strings: (STRING | fstring)+
 fstring: FSTRING_START fstring_content* FSTRING_END
 fstring_content: FSTRING_STRING | fstring_expr
 fstring_conversion: '!' NAME
-fstring_expr: '{' testlist [ fstring_conversion ] [ fstring_format_spec ] '}'
+fstring_expr: '{' testlist ['='] [ fstring_conversion ] [ fstring_format_spec ] '}'
 fstring_format_spec: ':' fstring_content*

parso/python/grammar39.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+# Grammar for Python
+
+# NOTE WELL: You should also follow all the steps listed at
+# https://devguide.python.org/grammar/
+
+# Start symbols for the grammar:
+#       single_input is a single interactive statement;
+#       file_input is a module or sequence of commands read from an input file;
+#       eval_input is the input for the eval() functions.
+# NB: compound_stmt in single_input is followed by extra NEWLINE!
+single_input: NEWLINE | simple_stmt | compound_stmt NEWLINE
+file_input: (NEWLINE | stmt)* ENDMARKER
+eval_input: testlist NEWLINE* ENDMARKER
+
+decorator: '@' dotted_name [ '(' [arglist] ')' ] NEWLINE
+decorators: decorator+
+decorated: decorators (classdef | funcdef | async_funcdef)
+
+async_funcdef: 'async' funcdef
+funcdef: 'def' NAME parameters ['->' test] ':' suite
+
+parameters: '(' [typedargslist] ')'
+typedargslist: (
+  (tfpdef ['=' test] (',' tfpdef ['=' test])* ',' '/' [',' [ tfpdef ['=' test] (
+        ',' tfpdef ['=' test])* ([',' [
+        '*' [tfpdef] (',' tfpdef ['=' test])* [',' ['**' tfpdef [',']]]
+      | '**' tfpdef [',']]])
+  | '*' [tfpdef] (',' tfpdef ['=' test])* ([',' ['**' tfpdef [',']]])
+  | '**' tfpdef [',']]] )
+|  (tfpdef ['=' test] (',' tfpdef ['=' test])* [',' [
+        '*' [tfpdef] (',' tfpdef ['=' test])* [',' ['**' tfpdef [',']]]
+      | '**' tfpdef [',']]]
+  | '*' [tfpdef] (',' tfpdef ['=' test])* [',' ['**' tfpdef [',']]]
+  | '**' tfpdef [','])
+)
+tfpdef: NAME [':' test]
+varargslist: vfpdef ['=' test ](',' vfpdef ['=' test])* ',' '/' [',' [ (vfpdef ['=' test] (',' vfpdef ['=' test])* [',' [
+        '*' [vfpdef] (',' vfpdef ['=' test])* [',' ['**' vfpdef [',']]]
+      | '**' vfpdef [',']]]
+  | '*' [vfpdef] (',' vfpdef ['=' test])* [',' ['**' vfpdef [',']]]
+  | '**' vfpdef [',']) ]] | (vfpdef ['=' test] (',' vfpdef ['=' test])* [',' [
+        '*' [vfpdef] (',' vfpdef ['=' test])* [',' ['**' vfpdef [',']]]
+      | '**' vfpdef [',']]]
+  | '*' [vfpdef] (',' vfpdef ['=' test])* [',' ['**' vfpdef [',']]]
+  | '**' vfpdef [',']
+)
+vfpdef: NAME
+
+stmt: simple_stmt | compound_stmt
+simple_stmt: small_stmt (';' small_stmt)* [';'] NEWLINE
+small_stmt: (expr_stmt | del_stmt | pass_stmt | flow_stmt |
+             import_stmt | global_stmt | nonlocal_stmt | assert_stmt)
+expr_stmt: testlist_star_expr (annassign | augassign (yield_expr|testlist) |
+                     ('=' (yield_expr|testlist_star_expr))*)
+annassign: ':' test ['=' test]
+testlist_star_expr: (test|star_expr) (',' (test|star_expr))* [',']
+augassign: ('+=' | '-=' | '*=' | '@=' | '/=' | '%=' | '&=' | '|=' | '^=' |
+            '<<=' | '>>=' | '**=' | '//=')
+# For normal and annotated assignments, additional restrictions enforced by the interpreter
+del_stmt: 'del' exprlist
+pass_stmt: 'pass'
+flow_stmt: break_stmt | continue_stmt | return_stmt | raise_stmt | yield_stmt
+break_stmt: 'break'
+continue_stmt: 'continue'
+return_stmt: 'return' [testlist_star_expr]
+yield_stmt: yield_expr
+raise_stmt: 'raise' [test ['from' test]]
+import_stmt: import_name | import_from
+import_name: 'import' dotted_as_names
+# note below: the ('.' | '...') is necessary because '...' is tokenized as ELLIPSIS
+import_from: ('from' (('.' | '...')* dotted_name | ('.' | '...')+)
+              'import' ('*' | '(' import_as_names ')' | import_as_names))
+import_as_name: NAME ['as' NAME]
+dotted_as_name: dotted_name ['as' NAME]
+import_as_names: import_as_name (',' import_as_name)* [',']
+dotted_as_names: dotted_as_name (',' dotted_as_name)*
+dotted_name: NAME ('.' NAME)*
+global_stmt: 'global' NAME (',' NAME)*
+nonlocal_stmt: 'nonlocal' NAME (',' NAME)*
+assert_stmt: 'assert' test [',' test]
+
+compound_stmt: if_stmt | while_stmt | for_stmt | try_stmt | with_stmt | funcdef | classdef | decorated | async_stmt
+async_stmt: 'async' (funcdef | with_stmt | for_stmt)
+if_stmt: 'if' namedexpr_test ':' suite ('elif' namedexpr_test ':' suite)* ['else' ':' suite]
+while_stmt: 'while' namedexpr_test ':' suite ['else' ':' suite]
+for_stmt: 'for' exprlist 'in' testlist ':' suite ['else' ':' suite]
+try_stmt: ('try' ':' suite
+           ((except_clause ':' suite)+
+            ['else' ':' suite]
+            ['finally' ':' suite] |
+           'finally' ':' suite))
+with_stmt: 'with' with_item (',' with_item)*  ':' suite
+with_item: test ['as' expr]
+# NB compile.c makes sure that the default except clause is last
+except_clause: 'except' [test ['as' NAME]]
+suite: simple_stmt | NEWLINE INDENT stmt+ DEDENT
+
+namedexpr_test: test [':=' test]
+test: or_test ['if' or_test 'else' test] | lambdef
+test_nocond: or_test | lambdef_nocond
+lambdef: 'lambda' [varargslist] ':' test
+lambdef_nocond: 'lambda' [varargslist] ':' test_nocond
+or_test: and_test ('or' and_test)*
+and_test: not_test ('and' not_test)*
+not_test: 'not' not_test | comparison
+comparison: expr (comp_op expr)*
+# <> isn't actually a valid comparison operator in Python. It's here for the
+# sake of a __future__ import described in PEP 401 (which really works :-)
+comp_op: '<'|'>'|'=='|'>='|'<='|'<>'|'!='|'in'|'not' 'in'|'is'|'is' 'not'
+star_expr: '*' expr
+expr: xor_expr ('|' xor_expr)*
+xor_expr: and_expr ('^' and_expr)*
+and_expr: shift_expr ('&' shift_expr)*
+shift_expr: arith_expr (('<<'|'>>') arith_expr)*
+arith_expr: term (('+'|'-') term)*
+term: factor (('*'|'@'|'/'|'%'|'//') factor)*
+factor: ('+'|'-'|'~') factor | power
+power: atom_expr ['**' factor]
+atom_expr: ['await'] atom trailer*
+atom: ('(' [yield_expr|testlist_comp] ')' |
+       '[' [testlist_comp] ']' |
+       '{' [dictorsetmaker] '}' |
+       NAME | NUMBER | strings | '...' | 'None' | 'True' | 'False')
+testlist_comp: (namedexpr_test|star_expr) ( comp_for | (',' (namedexpr_test|star_expr))* [','] )
+trailer: '(' [arglist] ')' | '[' subscriptlist ']' | '.' NAME
+subscriptlist: subscript (',' subscript)* [',']
+subscript: test | [test] ':' [test] [sliceop]
+sliceop: ':' [test]
+exprlist: (expr|star_expr) (',' (expr|star_expr))* [',']
+testlist: test (',' test)* [',']
+dictorsetmaker: ( ((test ':' test | '**' expr)
+                   (comp_for | (',' (test ':' test | '**' expr))* [','])) |
+                  ((test | star_expr)
+                   (comp_for | (',' (test | star_expr))* [','])) )
+
+classdef: 'class' NAME ['(' [arglist] ')'] ':' suite
+
+arglist: argument (',' argument)*  [',']
+
+# The reason that keywords are test nodes instead of NAME is that using NAME
+# results in an ambiguity. ast.c makes sure it's a NAME.
+# "test '=' test" is really "keyword '=' test", but we have no such token.
+# These need to be in a single rule to avoid grammar that is ambiguous
+# to our LL(1) parser. Even though 'test' includes '*expr' in star_expr,
+# we explicitly match '*' here, too, to give it proper precedence.
+# Illegal combinations and orderings are blocked in ast.c:
+# multiple (test comp_for) arguments are blocked; keyword unpackings
+# that precede iterable unpackings are blocked; etc.
+argument: ( test [comp_for] |
+            test ':=' test |
+            test '=' test |
+            '**' test |
+            '*' test )
+
+comp_iter: comp_for | comp_if
+sync_comp_for: 'for' exprlist 'in' or_test [comp_iter]
+comp_for: ['async'] sync_comp_for
+comp_if: 'if' test_nocond [comp_iter]
+
+# not used in grammar, but may appear in "node" passed from Parser to Compiler
+encoding_decl: NAME
+
+yield_expr: 'yield' [yield_arg]
+yield_arg: 'from' test | testlist_star_expr
+
+strings: (STRING | fstring)+
+fstring: FSTRING_START fstring_content* FSTRING_END
+fstring_content: FSTRING_STRING | fstring_expr
+fstring_conversion: '!' NAME
+fstring_expr: '{' testlist ['='] [ fstring_conversion ] [ fstring_format_spec ] '}'
+fstring_format_spec: ':' fstring_content*

parso/python/issue_list.txt

@@ -172,5 +172,5 @@ A list of syntax/indentation errors I've encountered in CPython.
 Version specific:
 Python 3.5:
     'yield' inside async function
-Python 3.3/3.4:
+Python 3.4:
     can use starred expression only as assignment target

parso/python/parser.py

@@ -39,13 +39,11 @@ class Parser(BaseParser):
         'for_stmt': tree.ForStmt,
         'while_stmt': tree.WhileStmt,
         'try_stmt': tree.TryStmt,
-        'comp_for': tree.CompFor,
+        'sync_comp_for': tree.SyncCompFor,
         # Not sure if this is the best idea, but IMO it's the easiest way to
         # avoid extreme amounts of work around the subtle difference of 2/3
         # grammar in list comoprehensions.
-        'list_for': tree.CompFor,
-        # Same here. This just exists in Python 2.6.
-        'gen_for': tree.CompFor,
+        'list_for': tree.SyncCompFor,
         'decorator': tree.Decorator,
         'lambdef': tree.Lambda,
         'old_lambdef': tree.Lambda,

parso/python/token.pyi

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+from typing import Container, Iterable
+
+class TokenType:
+    name: str
+    contains_syntax: bool
+    def __init__(self, name: str, contains_syntax: bool) -> None: ...
+
+class TokenTypes:
+    def __init__(
+        self, names: Iterable[str], contains_syntax: Container[str]
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+# not an actual class in the source code, but we need this class to type the fields of
+# PythonTokenTypes
+class _FakePythonTokenTypesClass(TokenTypes):
+    STRING: TokenType
+    NUMBER: TokenType
+    NAME: TokenType
+    ERRORTOKEN: TokenType
+    NEWLINE: TokenType
+    INDENT: TokenType
+    DEDENT: TokenType
+    ERROR_DEDENT: TokenType
+    FSTRING_STRING: TokenType
+    FSTRING_START: TokenType
+    FSTRING_END: TokenType
+    OP: TokenType
+    ENDMARKER: TokenType
+
+PythonTokenTypes: _FakePythonTokenTypesClass = ...

parso/python/tokenize.py

@@ -19,10 +19,12 @@ import itertools as _itertools
 from codecs import BOM_UTF8
 
 from parso.python.token import PythonTokenTypes
-from parso._compatibility import py_version
 from parso.utils import split_lines
 
 
+# Maximum code point of Unicode 6.0: 0x10ffff (1,114,111)
+MAX_UNICODE = '\U0010ffff'
+
 STRING = PythonTokenTypes.STRING
 NAME = PythonTokenTypes.NAME
 NUMBER = PythonTokenTypes.NUMBER
@@ -47,12 +49,17 @@ BOM_UTF8_STRING = BOM_UTF8.decode('utf-8')
 
 _token_collection_cache = {}
 
-if py_version >= 30:
+if sys.version_info.major >= 3:
     # Python 3 has str.isidentifier() to check if a char is a valid identifier
     is_identifier = str.isidentifier
 else:
-    namechars = string.ascii_letters + '_'
-    is_identifier = lambda s: s in namechars
+    # Python 2 doesn't, but it's not that important anymore and if you tokenize
+    # Python 2 code with this, it's still ok. It's just that parsing Python 3
+    # code with this function is not 100% correct.
+    # This just means that Python 2 code matches a few identifiers too much,
+    # but that doesn't really matter.
+    def is_identifier(s):
+        return True
 
 
 def group(*choices, **kwargs):
@@ -78,7 +85,7 @@ def _all_string_prefixes(version_info, include_fstring=False, only_fstring=False
     #  and don't contain any permuations (include 'fr', but not
     #  'rf'). The various permutations will be generated.
     valid_string_prefixes = ['b', 'r', 'u']
-    if version_info >= (3, 0):
+    if version_info.major >= 3:
         valid_string_prefixes.append('br')
 
     result = set([''])
@@ -98,7 +105,7 @@ def _all_string_prefixes(version_info, include_fstring=False, only_fstring=False
             # create a list with upper and lower versions of each
             #  character
             result.update(different_case_versions(t))
-    if version_info <= (2, 7):
+    if version_info.major == 2:
         # In Python 2 the order cannot just be random.
         result.update(different_case_versions('ur'))
         result.update(different_case_versions('br'))
@@ -118,8 +125,10 @@ def _get_token_collection(version_info):
         return result
 
 
-fstring_string_single_line = _compile(r'(?:[^{}\r\n]+|\{\{|\}\})+')
+fstring_string_single_line = _compile(r'(?:\{\{|\}\}|\\(?:\r\n?|\n)|[^{}\r\n])+')
 fstring_string_multi_line = _compile(r'(?:[^{}]+|\{\{|\}\})+')
+fstring_format_spec_single_line = _compile(r'(?:\\(?:\r\n?|\n)|[^{}\r\n])+')
+fstring_format_spec_multi_line = _compile(r'[^{}]+')
 
 
 def _create_token_collection(version_info):
@@ -128,7 +137,16 @@ def _create_token_collection(version_info):
     Whitespace = r'[ \f\t]*'
     whitespace = _compile(Whitespace)
     Comment = r'#[^\r\n]*'
-    Name = r'\w+'
+    # Python 2 is pretty much not working properly anymore, we just ignore
+    # parsing unicode properly, which is fine, I guess.
+    if version_info[0] == 2:
+        Name = r'([A-Za-z_0-9]+)'
+    elif sys.version_info[0] == 2:
+        # Unfortunately the regex engine cannot deal with the regex below, so
+        # just use this one.
+        Name = r'(\w+)'
+    else:
+        Name = u'([A-Za-z_0-9\u0080-' + MAX_UNICODE + ']+)'
 
     if version_info >= (3, 6):
         Hexnumber = r'0[xX](?:_?[0-9a-fA-F])+'
@@ -145,12 +163,14 @@ def _create_token_collection(version_info):
     else:
         Hexnumber = r'0[xX][0-9a-fA-F]+'
         Binnumber = r'0[bB][01]+'
-        if version_info >= (3, 0):
+        if version_info.major >= 3:
             Octnumber = r'0[oO][0-7]+'
         else:
             Octnumber = '0[oO]?[0-7]+'
         Decnumber = r'(?:0+|[1-9][0-9]*)'
         Intnumber = group(Hexnumber, Binnumber, Octnumber, Decnumber)
+        if version_info[0] < 3:
+            Intnumber += '[lL]?'
         Exponent = r'[eE][-+]?[0-9]+'
         Pointfloat = group(r'[0-9]+\.[0-9]*', r'\.[0-9]+') + maybe(Exponent)
         Expfloat = r'[0-9]+' + Exponent
@@ -186,9 +206,13 @@ def _create_token_collection(version_info):
 
     Bracket = '[][(){}]'
 
-    special_args = [r'\r\n?', r'\n', r'[:;.,@]']
+    special_args = [r'\r\n?', r'\n', r'[;.,@]']
     if version_info >= (3, 0):
         special_args.insert(0, r'\.\.\.')
+    if version_info >= (3, 8):
+        special_args.insert(0, ":=?")
+    else:
+        special_args.insert(0, ":")
     Special = group(*special_args)
 
     Funny = group(Operator, Bracket, Special)
@@ -281,32 +305,45 @@ class FStringNode(object):
         return len(self.quote) == 3
 
     def is_in_expr(self):
-        return (self.parentheses_count - self.format_spec_count) > 0
+        return self.parentheses_count > self.format_spec_count
+
+    def is_in_format_spec(self):
+        return not self.is_in_expr() and self.format_spec_count
 
 
 def _close_fstring_if_necessary(fstring_stack, string, start_pos, additional_prefix):
     for fstring_stack_index, node in enumerate(fstring_stack):
-        if string.startswith(node.quote):
+        lstripped_string = string.lstrip()
+        len_lstrip = len(string) - len(lstripped_string)
+        if lstripped_string.startswith(node.quote):
             token = PythonToken(
                 FSTRING_END,
                 node.quote,
                 start_pos,
-                prefix=additional_prefix,
+                prefix=additional_prefix+string[:len_lstrip],
             )
             additional_prefix = ''
             assert not node.previous_lines
             del fstring_stack[fstring_stack_index:]
-            return token, '', len(node.quote)
+            return token, '', len(node.quote) + len_lstrip
     return None, additional_prefix, 0
 
 
 def _find_fstring_string(endpats, fstring_stack, line, lnum, pos):
     tos = fstring_stack[-1]
     allow_multiline = tos.allow_multiline()
-    if allow_multiline:
-        match = fstring_string_multi_line.match(line, pos)
+    if tos.is_in_format_spec():
+        if allow_multiline:
+            regex = fstring_format_spec_multi_line
+        else:
+            regex = fstring_format_spec_single_line
     else:
-        match = fstring_string_single_line.match(line, pos)
+        if allow_multiline:
+            regex = fstring_string_multi_line
+        else:
+            regex = fstring_string_single_line
+
+    match = regex.match(line, pos)
     if match is None:
         return tos.previous_lines, pos
 
@@ -321,7 +358,9 @@ def _find_fstring_string(endpats, fstring_stack, line, lnum, pos):
 
     new_pos = pos
     new_pos += len(string)
-    if allow_multiline and (string.endswith('\n') or string.endswith('\r')):
+    # even if allow_multiline is False, we still need to check for trailing
+    # newlines, because a single-line f-string can contain line continuations
+    if string.endswith('\n') or string.endswith('\r'):
         tos.previous_lines += string
         string = ''
     else:
@@ -444,8 +483,20 @@ def tokenize_lines(lines, version_info, start_pos=(1, 0)):
                     yield fstring_end_token
                     continue
 
-            pseudomatch = pseudo_token.match(line, pos)
-            if not pseudomatch:                             # scan for tokens
+            # in an f-string, match until the end of the string
+            if fstring_stack:
+                string_line = line
+                for fstring_stack_node in fstring_stack:
+                    quote = fstring_stack_node.quote
+                    end_match = endpats[quote].match(line, pos)
+                    if end_match is not None:
+                        end_match_string = end_match.group(0)
+                        if len(end_match_string) - len(quote) + pos < len(string_line):
+                            string_line = line[:pos] + end_match_string[:-len(quote)]
+                pseudomatch = pseudo_token.match(string_line, pos)
+            else:
+                pseudomatch = pseudo_token.match(line, pos)
+            if not pseudomatch:  # scan for tokens
                 match = whitespace.match(line, pos)
                 if pos == 0:
                     for t in dedent_if_necessary(match.end()):
@@ -491,6 +542,24 @@ def tokenize_lines(lines, version_info, start_pos=(1, 0)):
             if (initial in numchars or                      # ordinary number
                     (initial == '.' and token != '.' and token != '...')):
                 yield PythonToken(NUMBER, token, spos, prefix)
+            elif pseudomatch.group(3) is not None:            # ordinary name
+                if token in always_break_tokens:
+                    fstring_stack[:] = []
+                    paren_level = 0
+                    # We only want to dedent if the token is on a new line.
+                    if re.match(r'[ \f\t]*$', line[:start]):
+                        while True:
+                            indent = indents.pop()
+                            if indent > start:
+                                yield PythonToken(DEDENT, '', spos, '')
+                            else:
+                                indents.append(indent)
+                                break
+                if is_identifier(token):
+                    yield PythonToken(NAME, token, spos, prefix)
+                else:
+                    for t in _split_illegal_unicode_name(token, spos, prefix):
+                        yield t  # yield from Python 2
             elif initial in '\r\n':
                 if any(not f.allow_multiline() for f in fstring_stack):
                     # Would use fstring_stack.clear, but that's not available
@@ -504,7 +573,12 @@ def tokenize_lines(lines, version_info, start_pos=(1, 0)):
                 new_line = True
             elif initial == '#':  # Comments
                 assert not token.endswith("\n")
-                additional_prefix = prefix + token
+                if fstring_stack and fstring_stack[-1].is_in_expr():
+                    # `#` is not allowed in f-string expressions
+                    yield PythonToken(ERRORTOKEN, initial, spos, prefix)
+                    pos = start + 1
+                else:
+                    additional_prefix = prefix + token
             elif token in triple_quoted:
                 endprog = endpats[token]
                 endmatch = endprog.match(line, pos)
@@ -545,20 +619,6 @@ def tokenize_lines(lines, version_info, start_pos=(1, 0)):
             elif token in fstring_pattern_map:  # The start of an fstring.
                 fstring_stack.append(FStringNode(fstring_pattern_map[token]))
                 yield PythonToken(FSTRING_START, token, spos, prefix)
-            elif is_identifier(initial):                      # ordinary name
-                if token in always_break_tokens:
-                    fstring_stack[:] = []
-                    paren_level = 0
-                    # We only want to dedent if the token is on a new line.
-                    if re.match(r'[ \f\t]*$', line[:start]):
-                        while True:
-                            indent = indents.pop()
-                            if indent > start:
-                                yield PythonToken(DEDENT, '', spos, '')
-                            else:
-                                indents.append(indent)
-                                break
-                yield PythonToken(NAME, token, spos, prefix)
             elif initial == '\\' and line[start:] in ('\\\n', '\\\r\n', '\\\r'):  # continued stmt
                 additional_prefix += prefix + line[start:]
                 break
@@ -574,9 +634,13 @@ def tokenize_lines(lines, version_info, start_pos=(1, 0)):
                     else:
                         if paren_level:
                             paren_level -= 1
-                elif token == ':' and fstring_stack \
-                        and fstring_stack[-1].parentheses_count == 1:
+                elif token.startswith(':') and fstring_stack \
+                        and fstring_stack[-1].parentheses_count \
+                        - fstring_stack[-1].format_spec_count == 1:
+                    # `:` and `:=` both count
                     fstring_stack[-1].format_spec_count += 1
+                    token = ':'
+                    pos = start + 1
 
                 yield PythonToken(OP, token, spos, prefix)
 
@@ -593,6 +657,39 @@ def tokenize_lines(lines, version_info, start_pos=(1, 0)):
     yield PythonToken(ENDMARKER, '', end_pos, additional_prefix)
 
 
+def _split_illegal_unicode_name(token, start_pos, prefix):
+    def create_token():
+        return PythonToken(ERRORTOKEN if is_illegal else NAME, found, pos, prefix)
+
+    found = ''
+    is_illegal = False
+    pos = start_pos
+    for i, char in enumerate(token):
+        if is_illegal:
+            if is_identifier(char):
+                yield create_token()
+                found = char
+                is_illegal = False
+                prefix = ''
+                pos = start_pos[0], start_pos[1] + i
+            else:
+                found += char
+        else:
+            new_found = found + char
+            if is_identifier(new_found):
+                found = new_found
+            else:
+                if found:
+                    yield create_token()
+                    prefix = ''
+                    pos = start_pos[0], start_pos[1] + i
+                found = char
+                is_illegal = True
+
+    if found:
+        yield create_token()
+
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     if len(sys.argv) >= 2:
         path = sys.argv[1]

parso/python/tokenize.pyi

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+from typing import Generator, Iterable, NamedTuple, Tuple
+
+from parso.python.token import TokenType
+from parso.utils import PythonVersionInfo
+
+class Token(NamedTuple):
+    type: TokenType
+    string: str
+    start_pos: Tuple[int, int]
+    prefix: str
+    @property
+    def end_pos(self) -> Tuple[int, int]: ...
+
+class PythonToken(Token):
+    def __repr__(self) -> str: ...
+
+def tokenize(
+    code: str, version_info: PythonVersionInfo, start_pos: Tuple[int, int] = (1, 0)
+) -> Generator[PythonToken, None, None]: ...
+def tokenize_lines(
+    lines: Iterable[str],
+    version_info: PythonVersionInfo,
+    start_pos: Tuple[int, int] = (1, 0),
+) -> Generator[PythonToken, None, None]: ...

parso/python/tree.py

@@ -43,6 +43,10 @@ Parser Tree Classes
 """
 
 import re
+try:
+    from collections.abc import Mapping
+except ImportError:
+    from collections import Mapping
 
 from parso._compatibility import utf8_repr, unicode
 from parso.tree import Node, BaseNode, Leaf, ErrorNode, ErrorLeaf, \
@@ -53,10 +57,14 @@ from parso.utils import split_lines
 _FLOW_CONTAINERS = set(['if_stmt', 'while_stmt', 'for_stmt', 'try_stmt',
                         'with_stmt', 'async_stmt', 'suite'])
 _RETURN_STMT_CONTAINERS = set(['suite', 'simple_stmt']) | _FLOW_CONTAINERS
-_FUNC_CONTAINERS = set(['suite', 'simple_stmt', 'decorated']) | _FLOW_CONTAINERS
+
+_FUNC_CONTAINERS = set(
+    ['suite', 'simple_stmt', 'decorated', 'async_funcdef']
+) | _FLOW_CONTAINERS
+
 _GET_DEFINITION_TYPES = set([
-    'expr_stmt', 'comp_for', 'with_stmt', 'for_stmt', 'import_name',
-    'import_from', 'param'
+    'expr_stmt', 'sync_comp_for', 'with_stmt', 'for_stmt', 'import_name',
+    'import_from', 'param', 'del_stmt',
 ])
 _IMPORTS = set(['import_name', 'import_from'])
 
@@ -91,7 +99,7 @@ class DocstringMixin(object):
 
 class PythonMixin(object):
     """
-    Some Python specific utitilies.
+    Some Python specific utilities.
     """
     __slots__ = ()
 
@@ -196,25 +204,22 @@ class Name(_LeafWithoutNewlines):
         return "<%s: %s@%s,%s>" % (type(self).__name__, self.value,
                                    self.line, self.column)
 
-    def is_definition(self):
+    def is_definition(self, include_setitem=False):
         """
         Returns True if the name is being defined.
         """
-        return self.get_definition() is not None
+        return self.get_definition(include_setitem=include_setitem) is not None
 
-    def get_definition(self, import_name_always=False):
+    def get_definition(self, import_name_always=False, include_setitem=False):
         """
-        Returns None if there's on definition for a name.
+        Returns None if there's no definition for a name.
 
-        :param import_name_alway: Specifies if an import name is always a
+        :param import_name_always: Specifies if an import name is always a
             definition. Normally foo in `from foo import bar` is not a
             definition.
         """
         node = self.parent
         type_ = node.type
-        if type_ in ('power', 'atom_expr'):
-            # In `self.x = 3` self is not a definition, but x is.
-            return None
 
         if type_ in ('funcdef', 'classdef'):
             if self == node.name:
@@ -232,8 +237,10 @@ class Name(_LeafWithoutNewlines):
         while node is not None:
             if node.type == 'suite':
                 return None
+            if node.type == 'namedexpr_test':
+                return node.children[0]
             if node.type in _GET_DEFINITION_TYPES:
-                if self in node.get_defined_names():
+                if self in node.get_defined_names(include_setitem):
                     return node
                 if import_name_always and node.type in _IMPORTS:
                     return node
@@ -442,7 +449,7 @@ class Module(Scope):
                         recurse(child)
 
             recurse(self)
-            self._used_names = dct
+            self._used_names = UsedNamesMapping(dct)
         return self._used_names
 
 
@@ -466,6 +473,9 @@ class ClassOrFunc(Scope):
         :rtype: list of :class:`Decorator`
         """
         decorated = self.parent
+        if decorated.type == 'async_funcdef':
+            decorated = decorated.parent
+
         if decorated.type == 'decorated':
             if decorated.children[0].type == 'decorators':
                 return decorated.children[0].children
@@ -545,7 +555,8 @@ def _create_params(parent, argslist_list):
                     if param_children[0] == '*' \
                             and (len(param_children) == 1
                                  or param_children[1] == ',') \
-                            or check_python2_nested_param(param_children[0]):
+                            or check_python2_nested_param(param_children[0]) \
+                            or param_children[0] == '/':
                         for p in param_children:
                             p.parent = parent
                         new_children += param_children
@@ -767,8 +778,8 @@ class ForStmt(Flow):
         """
         return self.children[3]
 
-    def get_defined_names(self):
-        return _defined_names(self.children[1])
+    def get_defined_names(self, include_setitem=False):
+        return _defined_names(self.children[1], include_setitem)
 
 
 class TryStmt(Flow):
@@ -791,7 +802,7 @@ class WithStmt(Flow):
     type = 'with_stmt'
     __slots__ = ()
 
-    def get_defined_names(self):
+    def get_defined_names(self, include_setitem=False):
         """
         Returns the a list of `Name` that the with statement defines. The
         defined names are set after `as`.
@@ -800,7 +811,7 @@ class WithStmt(Flow):
         for with_item in self.children[1:-2:2]:
             # Check with items for 'as' names.
             if with_item.type == 'with_item':
-                names += _defined_names(with_item.children[2])
+                names += _defined_names(with_item.children[2], include_setitem)
         return names
 
     def get_test_node_from_name(self, name):
@@ -841,7 +852,7 @@ class ImportFrom(Import):
     type = 'import_from'
     __slots__ = ()
 
-    def get_defined_names(self):
+    def get_defined_names(self, include_setitem=False):
         """
         Returns the a list of `Name` that the import defines. The
         defined names are set after `import` or in case an alias - `as` - is
@@ -912,7 +923,7 @@ class ImportName(Import):
     type = 'import_name'
     __slots__ = ()
 
-    def get_defined_names(self):
+    def get_defined_names(self, include_setitem=False):
         """
         Returns the a list of `Name` that the import defines. The defined names
         is always the first name after `import` or in case an alias - `as` - is
@@ -988,6 +999,14 @@ class KeywordStatement(PythonBaseNode):
     def keyword(self):
         return self.children[0].value
 
+    def get_defined_names(self, include_setitem=False):
+        keyword = self.keyword
+        if keyword == 'del':
+            return _defined_names(self.children[1], include_setitem)
+        if keyword in ('global', 'nonlocal'):
+            return self.children[1::2]
+        return []
+
 
 class AssertStmt(KeywordStatement):
     __slots__ = ()
@@ -1013,7 +1032,7 @@ class YieldExpr(PythonBaseNode):
     __slots__ = ()
 
 
-def _defined_names(current):
+def _defined_names(current, include_setitem):
     """
     A helper function to find the defined names in statements, for loops and
     list comprehensions.
@@ -1021,14 +1040,22 @@ def _defined_names(current):
     names = []
     if current.type in ('testlist_star_expr', 'testlist_comp', 'exprlist', 'testlist'):
         for child in current.children[::2]:
-            names += _defined_names(child)
+            names += _defined_names(child, include_setitem)
     elif current.type in ('atom', 'star_expr'):
-        names += _defined_names(current.children[1])
+        names += _defined_names(current.children[1], include_setitem)
     elif current.type in ('power', 'atom_expr'):
         if current.children[-2] != '**':  # Just if there's no operation
             trailer = current.children[-1]
             if trailer.children[0] == '.':
                 names.append(trailer.children[1])
+            elif trailer.children[0] == '[' and include_setitem:
+                for node in current.children[-2::-1]:
+                    if node.type == 'trailer':
+                        names.append(node.children[1])
+                        break
+                    if node.type == 'name':
+                        names.append(node)
+                        break
     else:
         names.append(current)
     return names
@@ -1038,18 +1065,18 @@ class ExprStmt(PythonBaseNode, DocstringMixin):
     type = 'expr_stmt'
     __slots__ = ()
 
-    def get_defined_names(self):
+    def get_defined_names(self, include_setitem=False):
         """
         Returns a list of `Name` defined before the `=` sign.
         """
         names = []
         if self.children[1].type == 'annassign':
-            names = _defined_names(self.children[0])
+            names = _defined_names(self.children[0], include_setitem)
         return [
             name
             for i in range(0, len(self.children) - 2, 2)
             if '=' in self.children[i + 1].value
-            for name in _defined_names(self.children[i])
+            for name in _defined_names(self.children[i], include_setitem)
         ] + names
 
     def get_rhs(self):
@@ -1142,7 +1169,7 @@ class Param(PythonBaseNode):
         else:
             return self._tfpdef()
 
-    def get_defined_names(self):
+    def get_defined_names(self, include_setitem=False):
         return [self.name]
 
     @property
@@ -1158,6 +1185,13 @@ class Param(PythonBaseNode):
                 index -= 2
         except ValueError:
             pass
+        try:
+            keyword_only_index = self.parent.children.index('/')
+            if index > keyword_only_index:
+                # Skip the ` /, `
+                index -= 2
+        except ValueError:
+            pass
         return index - 1
 
     def get_parent_function(self):
@@ -1189,13 +1223,42 @@ class Param(PythonBaseNode):
         return '<%s: %s>' % (type(self).__name__, str(self._tfpdef()) + default)
 
 
-class CompFor(PythonBaseNode):
-    type = 'comp_for'
+class SyncCompFor(PythonBaseNode):
+    type = 'sync_comp_for'
     __slots__ = ()
 
-    def get_defined_names(self):
+    def get_defined_names(self, include_setitem=False):
         """
         Returns the a list of `Name` that the comprehension defines.
         """
         # allow async for
-        return _defined_names(self.children[self.children.index('for') + 1])
+        return _defined_names(self.children[1], include_setitem)
+
+
+# This is simply here so an older Jedi version can work with this new parso
+# version. Can be deleted in the next release.
+CompFor = SyncCompFor
+
+
+class UsedNamesMapping(Mapping):
+    """
+    This class exists for the sole purpose of creating an immutable dict.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, dct):
+        self._dict = dct
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        return self._dict[key]
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._dict)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self._dict)
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return id(self)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        # Comparing these dicts does not make sense.
+        return self is other

parso/tree.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
+import sys
 from abc import abstractmethod, abstractproperty
 
-from parso._compatibility import utf8_repr, encoding, py_version
+from parso._compatibility import utf8_repr, encoding
 from parso.utils import split_lines
 
 
@@ -321,7 +322,7 @@ class BaseNode(NodeOrLeaf):
     @utf8_repr
     def __repr__(self):
         code = self.get_code().replace('\n', ' ').replace('\r', ' ').strip()
-        if not py_version >= 30:
+        if not sys.version_info.major >= 3:
             code = code.encode(encoding, 'replace')
         return "<%s: %s@%s,%s>" % \
             (type(self).__name__, code, self.start_pos[0], self.start_pos[1])

parso/utils.py

@@ -2,8 +2,9 @@ from collections import namedtuple
 import re
 import sys
 from ast import literal_eval
+from functools import total_ordering
 
-from parso._compatibility import unicode, total_ordering
+from parso._compatibility import unicode
 
 # The following is a list in Python that are line breaks in str.splitlines, but
 # not in Python. In Python only \r (Carriage Return, 0xD) and \n (Line Feed,
@@ -122,7 +123,7 @@ def _parse_version(version):
     match = re.match(r'(\d+)(?:\.(\d)(?:\.\d+)?)?$', version)
     if match is None:
         raise ValueError('The given version is not in the right format. '
-                         'Use something like "3.2" or "3".')
+                         'Use something like "3.8" or "3".')
 
     major = int(match.group(1))
     minor = match.group(2)
@@ -163,13 +164,13 @@ class PythonVersionInfo(namedtuple('Version', 'major, minor')):
 
 def parse_version_string(version=None):
     """
-    Checks for a valid version number (e.g. `3.2` or `2.7.1` or `3`) and
+    Checks for a valid version number (e.g. `3.8` or `2.7.1` or `3`) and
     returns a corresponding version info that is always two characters long in
     decimal.
     """
     if version is None:
         version = '%s.%s' % sys.version_info[:2]
     if not isinstance(version, (unicode, str)):
-        raise TypeError("version must be a string like 3.2.")
+        raise TypeError('version must be a string like "3.8"')
 
     return _parse_version(version)

parso/utils.pyi

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+from typing import NamedTuple, Optional, Sequence, Union
+
+class Version(NamedTuple):
+    major: int
+    minor: int
+    micro: int
+
+def split_lines(string: str, keepends: bool = ...) -> Sequence[str]: ...
+def python_bytes_to_unicode(
+    source: Union[str, bytes], encoding: str = ..., errors: str = ...
+) -> str: ...
+def version_info() -> Version:
+    """
+    Returns a namedtuple of parso's version, similar to Python's
+    ``sys.version_info``.
+    """
+    ...
+
+class PythonVersionInfo(NamedTuple):
+    major: int
+    minor: int
+
+def parse_version_string(version: Optional[str]) -> PythonVersionInfo:
+    """
+    Checks for a valid version number (e.g. `3.2` or `2.7.1` or `3`) and
+    returns a corresponding version info that is always two characters long in
+    decimal.
+    """
+    ...

setup.py

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ setup(name='parso',
       packages=find_packages(exclude=['test']),
       package_data={'parso': ['python/grammar*.txt']},
       platforms=['any'],
+      python_requires='>=2.7, !=3.0.*, !=3.1.*, !=3.2.*, !=3.3.*',
       classifiers=[
           'Development Status :: 4 - Beta',
           'Environment :: Plugins',
@@ -34,10 +35,8 @@ setup(name='parso',
           'License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License',
           'Operating System :: OS Independent',
           'Programming Language :: Python :: 2',
-          'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.6',
           'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7',
           'Programming Language :: Python :: 3',
-          'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.3',
           'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4',
           'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5',
           'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6',

test/failing_examples.py

@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ FAILING_EXAMPLES = [
     # Now nested parsing
     "f'{continue}'",
     "f'{1;1}'",
-    "f'{a=3}'",
+    "f'{a;}'",
     "f'{b\"\" \"\"}'",
 ]
 
@@ -281,11 +281,11 @@ if sys.version_info >= (3, 6):
         # Same as above, but for f-strings.
         'f"s" b""',
         'b"s" f""',
+
+        # f-string expression part cannot include a backslash
+        r'''f"{'\n'}"''',
     ]
-if sys.version_info >= (2, 7):
-    # This is something that raises a different error in 2.6 than in the other
-    # versions. Just skip it for 2.6.
-    FAILING_EXAMPLES.append('[a, 1] += 3')
+FAILING_EXAMPLES.append('[a, 1] += 3')
 
 if sys.version_info[:2] == (3, 5):
     # yields are not allowed in 3.5 async functions. Therefore test them
@@ -319,3 +319,45 @@ if sys.version_info[:2] < (3, 8):
                     continue
             '''),  # 'continue' not supported inside 'finally' clause"
     ]
+
+if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 8):
+    # assignment expressions from issue#89
+    FAILING_EXAMPLES += [
+        # Case 2
+        '(lambda: x := 1)',
+        '((lambda: x) := 1)',
+        # Case 3
+        '(a[i] := x)',
+        '((a[i]) := x)',
+        '(a(i) := x)',
+        # Case 4
+        '(a.b := c)',
+        '[(i.i:= 0) for ((i), j) in range(5)]',
+        # Case 5
+        '[i:= 0 for i, j in range(5)]',
+        '[(i:= 0) for ((i), j) in range(5)]',
+        '[(i:= 0) for ((i), j), in range(5)]',
+        '[(i:= 0) for ((i), j.i), in range(5)]',
+        '[[(i:= i) for j in range(5)] for i in range(5)]',
+        '[i for i, j in range(5) if True or (i:= 1)]',
+        '[False and (i:= 0) for i, j in range(5)]',
+        # Case 6
+        '[i+1 for i in (i:= range(5))]',
+        '[i+1 for i in (j:= range(5))]',
+        '[i+1 for i in (lambda: (j:= range(5)))()]',
+        # Case 7
+        'class Example:\n [(j := i) for i in range(5)]',
+        # Not in that issue
+        '(await a := x)',
+        '((await a) := x)',
+        # new discoveries
+        '((a, b) := (1, 2))',
+        '([a, b] := [1, 2])',
+        '({a, b} := {1, 2})',
+        '({a: b} := {1: 2})',
+        '(a + b := 1)',
+        '(True := 1)',
+        '(False := 1)',
+        '(None := 1)',
+        '(__debug__ := 1)',
+    ]

test/test_cache.py

@@ -5,12 +5,14 @@ Test all things related to the ``jedi.cache`` module.
 from os import unlink
 
 import pytest
+import time
 
 from parso.cache import _NodeCacheItem, save_module, load_module, \
     _get_hashed_path, parser_cache, _load_from_file_system, _save_to_file_system
 from parso import load_grammar
 from parso import cache
 from parso import file_io
+from parso import parse
 
 
 @pytest.fixture()
@@ -87,3 +89,53 @@ def test_modulepickling_simulate_deleted_cache(tmpdir):
 
     cached2 = load_module(grammar._hashed, io)
     assert cached2 is None
+
+
+def test_cache_limit():
+    def cache_size():
+        return sum(len(v) for v in parser_cache.values())
+
+    try:
+        parser_cache.clear()
+        future_node_cache_item = _NodeCacheItem('bla', [], change_time=time.time() + 10e6)
+        old_node_cache_item = _NodeCacheItem('bla', [], change_time=time.time() - 10e4)
+        parser_cache['some_hash_old'] = {
+            '/path/%s' % i: old_node_cache_item for i in range(300)
+        }
+        parser_cache['some_hash_new'] = {
+            '/path/%s' % i: future_node_cache_item for i in range(300)
+        }
+        assert cache_size() == 600
+        parse('somecode', cache=True, path='/path/somepath')
+        assert cache_size() == 301
+    finally:
+        parser_cache.clear()
+
+
+class _FixedTimeFileIO(file_io.KnownContentFileIO):
+    def __init__(self, path, content, last_modified):
+        super(_FixedTimeFileIO, self).__init__(path, content)
+        self._last_modified = last_modified
+
+    def get_last_modified(self):
+        return self._last_modified
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('diff_cache', [False, True])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('use_file_io', [False, True])
+def test_cache_last_used_update(diff_cache, use_file_io):
+    p = '/path/last-used'
+    parser_cache.clear()  # Clear, because then it's easier to find stuff.
+    parse('somecode', cache=True, path=p)
+    node_cache_item = next(iter(parser_cache.values()))[p]
+    now = time.time()
+    assert node_cache_item.last_used < now
+
+    if use_file_io:
+        f = _FixedTimeFileIO(p, 'code', node_cache_item.last_used - 10)
+        parse(file_io=f, cache=True, diff_cache=diff_cache)
+    else:
+        parse('somecode2', cache=True, path=p, diff_cache=diff_cache)
+
+    node_cache_item = next(iter(parser_cache.values()))[p]
+    assert now < node_cache_item.last_used < time.time()

test/test_diff_parser.py

@@ -974,10 +974,12 @@ def test_random_unicode_characters(differ):
     Those issues were all found with the fuzzer.
     """
     differ.initialize('')
-    differ.parse(u'\x1dĔBϞɛˁşʑ˳˻ȣſéÎ\x90̕ȟòwʘ\x1dĔBϞɛˁşʑ˳˻ȣſéÎ', parsers=1, expect_error_leaves=True)
+    differ.parse(u'\x1dĔBϞɛˁşʑ˳˻ȣſéÎ\x90̕ȟòwʘ\x1dĔBϞɛˁşʑ˳˻ȣſéÎ', parsers=1,
+                 expect_error_leaves=True)
     differ.parse(u'\r\r', parsers=1)
     differ.parse(u"˟Ę\x05À\r   rúƣ@\x8a\x15r()\n", parsers=1, expect_error_leaves=True)
-    differ.parse(u'a\ntaǁ\rGĒōns__\n\nb', parsers=1)
+    differ.parse(u'a\ntaǁ\rGĒōns__\n\nb', parsers=1,
+                 expect_error_leaves=sys.version_info[0] == 2)
     s = '        if not (self, "_fi\x02\x0e\x08\n\nle"):'
     differ.parse(s, parsers=1, expect_error_leaves=True)
     differ.parse('')
@@ -987,7 +989,6 @@ def test_random_unicode_characters(differ):
     differ.parse('   a( # xx\ndef', parsers=2, expect_error_leaves=True)
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (2, 7), reason="No set literals in Python 2.6")
 def test_dedent_end_positions(differ):
     code1 = dedent('''\
         if 1:

test/test_fstring.py

@@ -7,31 +7,62 @@ from parso.python.tokenize import tokenize
 
 @pytest.fixture
 def grammar():
-    return load_grammar(version='3.6')
+    return load_grammar(version='3.8')
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     'code', [
-        '{1}',
-        '{1:}',
-        '',
-        '{1!a}',
-        '{1!a:1}',
-        '{1:1}',
-        '{1:1.{32}}',
-        '{1::>4}',
-        '{foo} {bar}',
+        # simple cases
+        'f"{1}"',
+        'f"""{1}"""',
+        'f"{foo} {bar}"',
+
+        # empty string
+        'f""',
+        'f""""""',
+
+        # empty format specifier is okay
+        'f"{1:}"',
+
+        # use of conversion options
+        'f"{1!a}"',
+        'f"{1!a:1}"',
+
+        # format specifiers
+        'f"{1:1}"',
+        'f"{1:1.{32}}"',
+        'f"{1::>4}"',
+        'f"{x:{y}}"',
+        'f"{x:{y:}}"',
+        'f"{x:{y:1}}"',
 
         # Escapes
-        '{{}}',
-        '{{{1}}}',
-        '{{{1}',
-        '1{{2{{3',
-        '}}',
+        'f"{{}}"',
+        'f"{{{1}}}"',
+        'f"{{{1}"',
+        'f"1{{2{{3"',
+        'f"}}"',
+
+        # New Python 3.8 syntax f'{a=}'
+        'f"{a=}"',
+        'f"{a()=}"',
+
+        # multiline f-string
+        'f"""abc\ndef"""',
+        'f"""abc{\n123}def"""',
+
+        # a line continuation inside of an fstring_string
+        'f"abc\\\ndef"',
+        'f"\\\n{123}\\\n"',
+
+        # a line continuation inside of an fstring_expr
+        'f"{\\\n123}"',
+
+        # a line continuation inside of an format spec
+        'f"{123:.2\\\nf}"',
     ]
 )
 def test_valid(code, grammar):
-    code = 'f"""%s"""' % code
     module = grammar.parse(code, error_recovery=False)
     fstring = module.children[0]
     assert fstring.type == 'fstring'
@@ -40,23 +71,34 @@ def test_valid(code, grammar):
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     'code', [
-        '}',
-        '{',
-        '{1!{a}}',
-        '{!{a}}',
-        '{}',
-        '{:}',
-        '{:}}}',
-        '{:1}',
-        '{!:}',
-        '{!}',
-        '{!a}',
-        '{1:{}}',
-        '{1:{:}}',
+        # an f-string can't contain unmatched curly braces
+        'f"}"',
+        'f"{"',
+        'f"""}"""',
+        'f"""{"""',
+
+        # invalid conversion characters
+        'f"{1!{a}}"',
+        'f"{!{a}}"',
+
+        # The curly braces must contain an expression
+        'f"{}"',
+        'f"{:}"',
+        'f"{:}}}"',
+        'f"{:1}"',
+        'f"{!:}"',
+        'f"{!}"',
+        'f"{!a}"',
+
+        # invalid (empty) format specifiers
+        'f"{1:{}}"',
+        'f"{1:{:}}"',
+
+        # a newline without a line continuation inside a single-line string
+        'f"abc\ndef"',
     ]
 )
 def test_invalid(code, grammar):
-    code = 'f"""%s"""' % code
     with pytest.raises(ParserSyntaxError):
         grammar.parse(code, error_recovery=False)
 
@@ -88,6 +130,7 @@ def test_tokenize_start_pos(code, positions):
             """),
         'f"foo',
         'f"""foo',
+        'f"abc\ndef"',
     ]
 )
 def test_roundtrip(grammar, code):

test/test_load_grammar.py

@@ -28,4 +28,4 @@ def test_invalid_grammar_version(string):
 
 def test_grammar_int_version():
     with pytest.raises(TypeError):
-        load_grammar(version=3.2)
+        load_grammar(version=3.8)

test/test_normalizer_issues_files.py

@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@ tests of pydocstyle.
 
 import difflib
 import re
+from functools import total_ordering
 
 import parso
-from parso._compatibility import total_ordering
 from parso.utils import python_bytes_to_unicode
 
 

test/test_parser.py

@@ -189,3 +189,22 @@ def test_no_error_nodes(each_version):
                 check(child)
 
     check(parse("if foo:\n bar", version=each_version))
+
+
+def test_named_expression(works_ge_py38):
+    works_ge_py38.parse("(a := 1, a + 1)")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    'param_code', [
+        'a=1, /',
+        'a, /',
+        'a=1, /, b=3',
+        'a, /, b',
+        'a, /, b',
+        'a, /, *, b',
+        'a, /, **kwargs',
+    ]
+)
+def test_positional_only_arguments(works_ge_py38, param_code):
+    works_ge_py38.parse("def x(%s): pass" % param_code)

test/test_parser_tree.py

@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ def test_yields(each_version):
 
 
 def test_yield_from():
-    y, = get_yield_exprs('def x(): (yield from 1)', '3.3')
+    y, = get_yield_exprs('def x(): (yield from 1)', '3.8')
     assert y.type == 'yield_expr'
 
 
@@ -180,3 +180,61 @@ def top_function_three():
 
     r = get_raise_stmts(code, 2) #  Lists inside try-catch
     assert len(list(r)) == 2
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    'code, name_index, is_definition, include_setitem', [
+        ('x = 3', 0, True, False),
+        ('x.y = 3', 0, False, False),
+        ('x.y = 3', 1, True, False),
+        ('x.y = u.v = z', 0, False, False),
+        ('x.y = u.v = z', 1, True, False),
+        ('x.y = u.v = z', 2, False, False),
+        ('x.y = u.v, w = z', 3, True, False),
+        ('x.y = u.v, w = z', 4, True, False),
+        ('x.y = u.v, w = z', 5, False, False),
+
+        ('x, y = z', 0, True, False),
+        ('x, y = z', 1, True, False),
+        ('x, y = z', 2, False, False),
+        ('x, y = z', 2, False, False),
+        ('x[0], y = z', 2, False, False),
+        ('x[0] = z', 0, False, False),
+        ('x[0], y = z', 0, False, False),
+        ('x[0], y = z', 2, False, True),
+        ('x[0] = z', 0, True, True),
+        ('x[0], y = z', 0, True, True),
+        ('x: int = z', 0, True, False),
+        ('x: int = z', 1, False, False),
+        ('x: int = z', 2, False, False),
+        ('x: int', 0, True, False),
+        ('x: int', 1, False, False),
+    ]
+)
+def test_is_definition(code, name_index, is_definition, include_setitem):
+    module = parse(code, version='3.8')
+    name = module.get_first_leaf()
+    while True:
+        if name.type == 'name':
+            if name_index == 0:
+                break
+            name_index -= 1
+        name = name.get_next_leaf()
+
+    assert name.is_definition(include_setitem=include_setitem) == is_definition
+
+
+def test_iter_funcdefs():
+    code = dedent('''
+        def normal(): ...
+        async def asyn(): ...
+        @dec
+        def dec_normal(): ...
+        @dec1
+        @dec2
+        async def dec_async(): ...
+        def broken
+        ''')
+    module = parse(code, version='3.8')
+    func_names = [f.name.value for f in module.iter_funcdefs()]
+    assert func_names == ['normal', 'asyn', 'dec_normal', 'dec_async']

test/test_pgen2.py

@@ -190,6 +190,19 @@ def test_old_octal_notation(works_in_py2):
     works_in_py2.parse("07")
 
 
+def test_long_notation(works_in_py2):
+    works_in_py2.parse("0xFl")
+    works_in_py2.parse("0xFL")
+    works_in_py2.parse("0b1l")
+    works_in_py2.parse("0B1L")
+    works_in_py2.parse("0o7l")
+    works_in_py2.parse("0O7L")
+    works_in_py2.parse("0l")
+    works_in_py2.parse("0L")
+    works_in_py2.parse("10l")
+    works_in_py2.parse("10L")
+
+
 def test_new_binary_notation(each_version):
     _parse("""0b101010""", each_version)
     _invalid_syntax("""0b0101021""", each_version)
@@ -279,12 +292,22 @@ def test_left_recursion():
         generate_grammar('foo: foo NAME\n', tokenize.PythonTokenTypes)
 
 
-def test_ambiguities():
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match='ambiguous'):
-        generate_grammar('foo: bar | baz\nbar: NAME\nbaz: NAME\n', tokenize.PythonTokenTypes)
-
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match='ambiguous'):
-        generate_grammar('''foo: bar | baz\nbar: 'x'\nbaz: "x"\n''', tokenize.PythonTokenTypes)
-
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match='ambiguous'):
-        generate_grammar('''foo: bar | 'x'\nbar: 'x'\n''', tokenize.PythonTokenTypes)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    'grammar, error_match', [
+        ['foo: bar | baz\nbar: NAME\nbaz: NAME\n',
+         r"foo is ambiguous.*given a TokenType\(NAME\).*bar or baz"],
+        ['''foo: bar | baz\nbar: 'x'\nbaz: "x"\n''',
+         r"foo is ambiguous.*given a ReservedString\(x\).*bar or baz"],
+        ['''foo: bar | 'x'\nbar: 'x'\n''',
+         r"foo is ambiguous.*given a ReservedString\(x\).*bar or foo"],
+        # An ambiguity with the second (not the first) child of a production
+        ['outer: "a" [inner] "b" "c"\ninner: "b" "c" [inner]\n',
+         r"outer is ambiguous.*given a ReservedString\(b\).*inner or outer"],
+        # An ambiguity hidden by a level of indirection (middle)
+        ['outer: "a" [middle] "b" "c"\nmiddle: inner\ninner: "b" "c" [inner]\n',
+         r"outer is ambiguous.*given a ReservedString\(b\).*middle or outer"],
+    ]
+)
+def test_ambiguities(grammar, error_match):
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=error_match):
+        generate_grammar(grammar, tokenize.PythonTokenTypes)

test/test_python_errors.py

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ def test_python_exception_matches(code):
         error, = errors
         actual = error.message
     assert actual in wanted
-    # Somehow in Python3.3 the SyntaxError().lineno is sometimes None
+    # Somehow in Python2.7 the SyntaxError().lineno is sometimes None
     assert line_nr is None or line_nr == error.start_pos[0]
 
 
@@ -118,22 +118,12 @@ def _get_actual_exception(code):
             assert False, "The piece of code should raise an exception."
 
     # SyntaxError
-    # Python 2.6 has a bit different error messages here, so skip it.
-    if sys.version_info[:2] == (2, 6) and wanted == 'SyntaxError: unexpected EOF while parsing':
-        wanted = 'SyntaxError: invalid syntax'
-
     if wanted == 'SyntaxError: non-keyword arg after keyword arg':
         # The python 3.5+ way, a bit nicer.
         wanted = 'SyntaxError: positional argument follows keyword argument'
     elif wanted == 'SyntaxError: assignment to keyword':
         return [wanted, "SyntaxError: can't assign to keyword",
                 'SyntaxError: cannot assign to __debug__'], line_nr
-    elif wanted == 'SyntaxError: assignment to None':
-        # Python 2.6 does has a slightly different error.
-        wanted = 'SyntaxError: cannot assign to None'
-    elif wanted == 'SyntaxError: can not assign to __debug__':
-        # Python 2.6 does has a slightly different error.
-        wanted = 'SyntaxError: cannot assign to __debug__'
     elif wanted == 'SyntaxError: can use starred expression only as assignment target':
         # Python 3.4/3.4 have a bit of a different warning than 3.5/3.6 in
         # certain places. But in others this error makes sense.
@@ -293,6 +283,19 @@ def test_valid_fstrings(code):
     assert not _get_error_list(code, version='3.6')
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    'code', [
+        'a = (b := 1)',
+        '[x4 := x ** 5 for x in range(7)]',
+        '[total := total + v for v in range(10)]',
+        'while chunk := file.read(2):\n pass',
+        'numbers = [y := math.factorial(x), y**2, y**3]',
+    ]
+)
+def test_valid_namedexpr(code):
+    assert not _get_error_list(code, version='3.8')
+
+
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     ('code', 'message'), [
         ("f'{1+}'", ('invalid syntax')),
@@ -307,3 +310,14 @@ def test_invalid_fstrings(code, message):
     """
     error, = _get_error_list(code, version='3.6')
     assert message in error.message
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    'code', [
+        "from foo import (\nbar,\n rab,\n)",
+        "from foo import (bar, rab, )",
+    ]
+)
+def test_trailing_comma(code):
+    errors = _get_error_list(code)
+    assert not errors

test/test_tokenize.py

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8    # This file contains Unicode characters.
 
+import sys
 from textwrap import dedent
 
 import pytest
+import sys
 
-from parso._compatibility import py_version
 from parso.utils import split_lines, parse_version_string
 from parso.python.token import PythonTokenTypes
 from parso.python import tokenize
@@ -16,6 +17,7 @@ from parso.python.tokenize import PythonToken
 NAME = PythonTokenTypes.NAME
 NEWLINE = PythonTokenTypes.NEWLINE
 STRING = PythonTokenTypes.STRING
+NUMBER = PythonTokenTypes.NUMBER
 INDENT = PythonTokenTypes.INDENT
 DEDENT = PythonTokenTypes.DEDENT
 ERRORTOKEN = PythonTokenTypes.ERRORTOKEN
@@ -135,12 +137,12 @@ def test_identifier_contains_unicode():
     ''')
     token_list = _get_token_list(fundef)
     unicode_token = token_list[1]
-    if py_version >= 30:
+    if sys.version_info.major >= 3:
         assert unicode_token[0] == NAME
     else:
         # Unicode tokens in Python 2 seem to be identified as operators.
         # They will be ignored in the parser, that's ok.
-        assert unicode_token[0] == OP
+        assert unicode_token[0] == ERRORTOKEN
 
 
 def test_quoted_strings():
@@ -183,19 +185,19 @@ def test_ur_literals():
             assert typ == NAME
 
     check('u""')
-    check('ur""', is_literal=not py_version >= 30)
-    check('Ur""', is_literal=not py_version >= 30)
-    check('UR""', is_literal=not py_version >= 30)
+    check('ur""', is_literal=not sys.version_info.major >= 3)
+    check('Ur""', is_literal=not sys.version_info.major >= 3)
+    check('UR""', is_literal=not sys.version_info.major >= 3)
     check('bR""')
     # Starting with Python 3.3 this ordering is also possible.
-    if py_version >= 33:
+    if sys.version_info.major >= 3:
         check('Rb""')
 
     # Starting with Python 3.6 format strings where introduced.
-    check('fr""', is_literal=py_version >= 36)
-    check('rF""', is_literal=py_version >= 36)
-    check('f""', is_literal=py_version >= 36)
-    check('F""', is_literal=py_version >= 36)
+    check('fr""', is_literal=sys.version_info >= (3, 6))
+    check('rF""', is_literal=sys.version_info >= (3, 6))
+    check('f""', is_literal=sys.version_info >= (3, 6))
+    check('F""', is_literal=sys.version_info >= (3, 6))
 
 
 def test_error_literal():
@@ -228,16 +230,29 @@ def test_endmarker_end_pos():
     check('a\\')
 
 
+xfail_py2 = dict(marks=[pytest.mark.xfail(sys.version_info[0] == 2, reason='Python 2')])
+
+
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     ('code', 'types'), [
+        # Indentation
         (' foo', [INDENT, NAME, DEDENT]),
         ('  foo\n bar', [INDENT, NAME, NEWLINE, ERROR_DEDENT, NAME, DEDENT]),
         ('  foo\n bar \n baz', [INDENT, NAME, NEWLINE, ERROR_DEDENT, NAME,
                                 NEWLINE, ERROR_DEDENT, NAME, DEDENT]),
         (' foo\nbar', [INDENT, NAME, NEWLINE, DEDENT, NAME]),
+
+        # Name stuff
+        ('1foo1', [NUMBER, NAME]),
+        pytest.param(
+            u'மெல்லினம்', [NAME],
+            **xfail_py2),
+        pytest.param(u'²', [ERRORTOKEN], **xfail_py2),
+        pytest.param(u'ä²ö', [NAME, ERRORTOKEN, NAME], **xfail_py2),
+        pytest.param(u'ää²¹öö', [NAME, ERRORTOKEN, NAME], **xfail_py2),
     ]
 )
-def test_indentation(code, types):
+def test_token_types(code, types):
     actual_types = [t.type for t in _get_token_list(code)]
     assert actual_types == types + [ENDMARKER]
 
@@ -330,15 +345,72 @@ def test_backslash():
         ('f" "{}', [FSTRING_START, FSTRING_STRING, FSTRING_END, OP, OP]),
         (r'f"\""', [FSTRING_START, FSTRING_STRING, FSTRING_END]),
         (r'f"\""', [FSTRING_START, FSTRING_STRING, FSTRING_END]),
+
+        # format spec
         (r'f"Some {x:.2f}{y}"', [FSTRING_START, FSTRING_STRING, OP, NAME, OP,
                                  FSTRING_STRING, OP, OP, NAME, OP, FSTRING_END]),
+
+        # multiline f-string
+        ('f"""abc\ndef"""', [FSTRING_START, FSTRING_STRING, FSTRING_END]),
+        ('f"""abc{\n123}def"""', [
+            FSTRING_START, FSTRING_STRING, OP, NUMBER, OP, FSTRING_STRING,
+            FSTRING_END
+        ]),
+
+        # a line continuation inside of an fstring_string
+        ('f"abc\\\ndef"', [
+            FSTRING_START, FSTRING_STRING, FSTRING_END
+        ]),
+        ('f"\\\n{123}\\\n"', [
+            FSTRING_START, FSTRING_STRING, OP, NUMBER, OP, FSTRING_STRING,
+            FSTRING_END
+        ]),
+
+        # a line continuation inside of an fstring_expr
+        ('f"{\\\n123}"', [FSTRING_START, OP, NUMBER, OP, FSTRING_END]),
+
+        # a line continuation inside of an format spec
+        ('f"{123:.2\\\nf}"', [
+            FSTRING_START, OP, NUMBER, OP, FSTRING_STRING, OP, FSTRING_END
+        ]),
+
+        # a newline without a line continuation inside a single-line string is
+        # wrong, and will generate an ERRORTOKEN
+        ('f"abc\ndef"', [
+            FSTRING_START, FSTRING_STRING, NEWLINE, NAME, ERRORTOKEN
+        ]),
+
+        # a more complex example
         (r'print(f"Some {x:.2f}a{y}")', [
             NAME, OP, FSTRING_START, FSTRING_STRING, OP, NAME, OP,
             FSTRING_STRING, OP, FSTRING_STRING, OP, NAME, OP, FSTRING_END, OP
         ]),
-
+        # issue #86, a string-like in an f-string expression
+        ('f"{ ""}"', [
+            FSTRING_START, OP, FSTRING_END, STRING
+        ]),
+        ('f"{ f""}"', [
+            FSTRING_START, OP, NAME, FSTRING_END, STRING
+        ]),
     ]
 )
 def test_fstring(code, types, version_ge_py36):
     actual_types = [t.type for t in _get_token_list(code, version_ge_py36)]
     assert types + [ENDMARKER] == actual_types
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ('code', 'types'), [
+        # issue #87, `:=` in the outest paratheses should be tokenized
+        # as a format spec marker and part of the format
+        ('f"{x:=10}"', [
+            FSTRING_START, OP, NAME, OP, FSTRING_STRING, OP, FSTRING_END
+        ]),
+        ('f"{(x:=10)}"', [
+            FSTRING_START, OP, OP, NAME, OP, NUMBER, OP, OP, FSTRING_END
+        ]),
+    ]
+)
+def test_fstring_assignment_expression(code, types, version_ge_py38):
+    actual_types = [t.type for t in _get_token_list(code, version_ge_py38)]
+    assert types + [ENDMARKER] == actual_types

tox.ini

@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
 [tox]
-envlist = {py26,py27,py33,py34,py35,py36,py37}
+envlist = {py27,py34,py35,py36,py37,py38}
 [testenv]
 extras = testing
 deps =
-    py26,py33: pytest>=3.0.7,<3.3
-    py26,py33: setuptools<37
+    py27,py34: pytest<3.3
     coverage: coverage
 setenv =
 # https://github.com/tomchristie/django-rest-framework/issues/1957