fix up some C signatures (#14624)

a few issues exposed after https://github.com/python/mypy/pull/18259 was merged

stdlib/_blake2.pyi

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import sys
 from _typeshed import ReadableBuffer
 from typing import ClassVar, Final, final
 from typing_extensions import Self
@@ -20,24 +21,45 @@ class blake2b:
     block_size: int
     digest_size: int
     name: str
-    def __new__(
-        cls,
-        data: ReadableBuffer = b"",
-        /,
-        *,
-        digest_size: int = 64,
-        key: ReadableBuffer = b"",
-        salt: ReadableBuffer = b"",
-        person: ReadableBuffer = b"",
-        fanout: int = 1,
-        depth: int = 1,
-        leaf_size: int = 0,
-        node_offset: int = 0,
-        node_depth: int = 0,
-        inner_size: int = 0,
-        last_node: bool = False,
-        usedforsecurity: bool = True,
-    ) -> Self: ...
+    if sys.version_info >= (3, 13):
+        def __new__(
+            cls,
+            data: ReadableBuffer = b"",
+            *,
+            digest_size: int = 64,
+            key: ReadableBuffer = b"",
+            salt: ReadableBuffer = b"",
+            person: ReadableBuffer = b"",
+            fanout: int = 1,
+            depth: int = 1,
+            leaf_size: int = 0,
+            node_offset: int = 0,
+            node_depth: int = 0,
+            inner_size: int = 0,
+            last_node: bool = False,
+            usedforsecurity: bool = True,
+            string: ReadableBuffer | None = None,
+        ) -> Self: ...
+    else:
+        def __new__(
+            cls,
+            data: ReadableBuffer = b"",
+            /,
+            *,
+            digest_size: int = 64,
+            key: ReadableBuffer = b"",
+            salt: ReadableBuffer = b"",
+            person: ReadableBuffer = b"",
+            fanout: int = 1,
+            depth: int = 1,
+            leaf_size: int = 0,
+            node_offset: int = 0,
+            node_depth: int = 0,
+            inner_size: int = 0,
+            last_node: bool = False,
+            usedforsecurity: bool = True,
+        ) -> Self: ...
+
     def copy(self) -> Self: ...
     def digest(self) -> bytes: ...
     def hexdigest(self) -> str: ...
@@ -52,24 +74,45 @@ class blake2s:
     block_size: int
     digest_size: int
     name: str
-    def __new__(
-        cls,
-        data: ReadableBuffer = b"",
-        /,
-        *,
-        digest_size: int = 32,
-        key: ReadableBuffer = b"",
-        salt: ReadableBuffer = b"",
-        person: ReadableBuffer = b"",
-        fanout: int = 1,
-        depth: int = 1,
-        leaf_size: int = 0,
-        node_offset: int = 0,
-        node_depth: int = 0,
-        inner_size: int = 0,
-        last_node: bool = False,
-        usedforsecurity: bool = True,
-    ) -> Self: ...
+    if sys.version_info >= (3, 13):
+        def __new__(
+            cls,
+            data: ReadableBuffer = b"",
+            *,
+            digest_size: int = 32,
+            key: ReadableBuffer = b"",
+            salt: ReadableBuffer = b"",
+            person: ReadableBuffer = b"",
+            fanout: int = 1,
+            depth: int = 1,
+            leaf_size: int = 0,
+            node_offset: int = 0,
+            node_depth: int = 0,
+            inner_size: int = 0,
+            last_node: bool = False,
+            usedforsecurity: bool = True,
+            string: ReadableBuffer | None = None,
+        ) -> Self: ...
+    else:
+        def __new__(
+            cls,
+            data: ReadableBuffer = b"",
+            /,
+            *,
+            digest_size: int = 32,
+            key: ReadableBuffer = b"",
+            salt: ReadableBuffer = b"",
+            person: ReadableBuffer = b"",
+            fanout: int = 1,
+            depth: int = 1,
+            leaf_size: int = 0,
+            node_offset: int = 0,
+            node_depth: int = 0,
+            inner_size: int = 0,
+            last_node: bool = False,
+            usedforsecurity: bool = True,
+        ) -> Self: ...
+
     def copy(self) -> Self: ...
     def digest(self) -> bytes: ...
     def hexdigest(self) -> str: ...

stdlib/_io.pyi

@@ -11,7 +11,10 @@ from typing_extensions import Self
 
 _T = TypeVar("_T")
 
-DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE: Final = 8192
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 14):
+    DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE: Final = 131072
+else:
+    DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE: Final = 8192
 
 open = builtins.open
 
@@ -118,14 +121,22 @@ _BufferedReaderStreamT = TypeVar("_BufferedReaderStreamT", bound=_BufferedReader
 
 class BufferedReader(BufferedIOBase, _BufferedIOBase, BinaryIO, Generic[_BufferedReaderStreamT]):  # type: ignore[misc]  # incompatible definitions of methods in the base classes
     raw: _BufferedReaderStreamT
-    def __init__(self, raw: _BufferedReaderStreamT, buffer_size: int = 8192) -> None: ...
+    if sys.version_info >= (3, 14):
+        def __init__(self, raw: _BufferedReaderStreamT, buffer_size: int = 131072) -> None: ...
+    else:
+        def __init__(self, raw: _BufferedReaderStreamT, buffer_size: int = 8192) -> None: ...
+
     def peek(self, size: int = 0, /) -> bytes: ...
     def seek(self, target: int, whence: int = 0, /) -> int: ...
     def truncate(self, pos: int | None = None, /) -> int: ...
 
 class BufferedWriter(BufferedIOBase, _BufferedIOBase, BinaryIO):  # type: ignore[misc]  # incompatible definitions of writelines in the base classes
     raw: RawIOBase
-    def __init__(self, raw: RawIOBase, buffer_size: int = 8192) -> None: ...
+    if sys.version_info >= (3, 14):
+        def __init__(self, raw: RawIOBase, buffer_size: int = 131072) -> None: ...
+    else:
+        def __init__(self, raw: RawIOBase, buffer_size: int = 8192) -> None: ...
+
     def write(self, buffer: ReadableBuffer, /) -> int: ...
     def seek(self, target: int, whence: int = 0, /) -> int: ...
     def truncate(self, pos: int | None = None, /) -> int: ...
@@ -134,13 +145,21 @@ class BufferedRandom(BufferedIOBase, _BufferedIOBase, BinaryIO):  # type: ignore
     mode: str
     name: Any
     raw: RawIOBase
-    def __init__(self, raw: RawIOBase, buffer_size: int = 8192) -> None: ...
+    if sys.version_info >= (3, 14):
+        def __init__(self, raw: RawIOBase, buffer_size: int = 131072) -> None: ...
+    else:
+        def __init__(self, raw: RawIOBase, buffer_size: int = 8192) -> None: ...
+
     def seek(self, target: int, whence: int = 0, /) -> int: ...  # stubtest needs this
     def peek(self, size: int = 0, /) -> bytes: ...
     def truncate(self, pos: int | None = None, /) -> int: ...
 
 class BufferedRWPair(BufferedIOBase, _BufferedIOBase, Generic[_BufferedReaderStreamT]):
-    def __init__(self, reader: _BufferedReaderStreamT, writer: RawIOBase, buffer_size: int = 8192, /) -> None: ...
+    if sys.version_info >= (3, 14):
+        def __init__(self, reader: _BufferedReaderStreamT, writer: RawIOBase, buffer_size: int = 131072, /) -> None: ...
+    else:
+        def __init__(self, reader: _BufferedReaderStreamT, writer: RawIOBase, buffer_size: int = 8192, /) -> None: ...
+
     def peek(self, size: int = 0, /) -> bytes: ...
 
 class _TextIOBase(_IOBase):

stdlib/_random.pyi

@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
-from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+import sys
+from typing_extensions import Self, TypeAlias
 
 # Actually Tuple[(int,) * 625]
 _State: TypeAlias = tuple[int, ...]
 
 class Random:
-    def __init__(self, seed: object = ...) -> None: ...
+    if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
+        def __init__(self, seed: object = ..., /) -> None: ...
+    else:
+        def __new__(self, seed: object = ..., /) -> Self: ...
+
     def seed(self, n: object = None, /) -> None: ...
     def getstate(self) -> _State: ...
     def setstate(self, state: _State, /) -> None: ...

stdlib/random.pyi

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ from _typeshed import SupportsLenAndGetItem
 from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable, MutableSequence, Sequence, Set as AbstractSet
 from fractions import Fraction
 from typing import Any, ClassVar, NoReturn, TypeVar
+from typing_extensions import Self
 
 __all__ = [
     "Random",
@@ -44,6 +45,10 @@ class Random(_random.Random):
     # Using other `seed` types is deprecated since 3.9 and removed in 3.11
     # Ignore Y041, since random.seed doesn't treat int like a float subtype. Having an explicit
     # int better documents conventional usage of random.seed.
+    if sys.version_info < (3, 10):
+        # this is a workaround for pyright correctly flagging an inconsistent inherited constructor, see #14624
+        def __new__(cls, x: int | float | str | bytes | bytearray | None = None) -> Self: ...  # noqa: Y041
+
     def seed(self, a: int | float | str | bytes | bytearray | None = None, version: int = 2) -> None: ...  # type: ignore[override]  # noqa: Y041
     def getstate(self) -> tuple[Any, ...]: ...
     def setstate(self, state: tuple[Any, ...]) -> None: ...

stdlib/select.pyi

@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ if sys.platform != "linux" and sys.platform != "win32":
 if sys.platform == "linux":
     @final
     class epoll:
-        def __init__(self, sizehint: int = ..., flags: int = ...) -> None: ...
+        def __new__(self, sizehint: int = ..., flags: int = ...) -> Self: ...
         def __enter__(self) -> Self: ...
         def __exit__(
             self,

stubs/networkx/networkx/utils/misc.pyi

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import random
+import sys
 from types import ModuleType
-from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+from typing_extensions import Self, TypeAlias
 
 import numpy
 
@@ -36,6 +37,10 @@ def create_random_state(random_state=None): ...
 
 class PythonRandomViaNumpyBits(random.Random):
     def __init__(self, rng: numpy.random.Generator | None = None) -> None: ...
+    if sys.version_info < (3, 10):
+        # this is a workaround for pyright correctly flagging an inconsistent inherited constructor, see #14624
+        def __new__(cls, rng: numpy.random.Generator | None = None) -> Self: ...
+
     def getrandbits(self, k: int) -> int: ...
 
 class PythonRandomInterface: