Merge pull request #2016 from terryding77/master

fix: change google_java_format_* to java_google_java_format_*
Merge pull request #2012 from paihu/fix-cdstring-win32-change-drive
2025-12-06 20:54:26 +08:00 · 2018-10-25 15:34:58 +01:00 · 2018-10-25 14:25:27 +01:00 · 2018-10-11 15:01:46 +01:00 · 2018-10-10 17:23:21 +01:00 · 2018-09-25 10:17:45 +01:00
530 changed files with 9112 additions and 6211 deletions
--- a/.github/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
+++ b/.github/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
--- a/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 Have fun, and work on whatever floats your boat. Take It Easy :tm:.

 For help with contributing to ALE, see `:help ale-development` in Vim, or view
-the help file online [here](/w0rp/ale/blob/master/doc/ale-development.txt).
+the help file online [here](/doc/ale-development.txt).

 ## Creating Issues

--- a/.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md
+++ b/.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md
--- a/.travis.yml
+++ b/.travis.yml
@@ -3,5 +3,10 @@ sudo: required
 services:
    - docker
 language: generic
+env:
+    - OPTIONS=--vim-80-only
+    - OPTIONS=--vim-81-only
+    - OPTIONS=--neovim-only
+    - OPTIONS=--linters-only
 script: |
-    ./run-tests -v
+    ./run-tests -v $OPTIONS
--- a/1
+++ b/1
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 FROM tweekmonster/vim-testbed:latest

 RUN install_vim -tag v8.0.0027 -build \
+                -tag v8.1.0204 -build \
                -tag neovim:v0.2.0 -build \
                -tag neovim:v0.3.0 -build

--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -4,9 +4,10 @@
 ![ALE Logo by Mark Grealish - https://www.bhalash.com/](img/logo.jpg?raw=true)

 ALE (Asynchronous Lint Engine) is a plugin for providing linting in NeoVim
-0.2.0+ and Vim 8 while you edit your text files.
+0.2.0+ and Vim 8 while you edit your text files, and acts as a Vim
+[Language Server Protocol](https://langserver.org/) client.

-![linting example](img/example.gif?raw=true)
+<img src="img/example.gif?raw=true" alt="A linting example with the darkspectrum color scheme in GVim." title="A linting example with the darkspectrum color scheme in GVim.">

 ALE makes use of NeoVim and Vim 8 job control functions and timers to
 run linters on the contents of text buffers and return errors as
@@ -96,10 +97,10 @@ formatting.
 | Awk | [gawk](https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/)|
 | Bash | [language-server](https://github.com/mads-hartmann/bash-language-server), shell [-n flag](https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#index-set), [shellcheck](https://www.shellcheck.net/), [shfmt](https://github.com/mvdan/sh) |
 | Bourne Shell | shell [-n flag](http://linux.die.net/man/1/sh), [shellcheck](https://www.shellcheck.net/), [shfmt](https://github.com/mvdan/sh) |
-| C | [cppcheck](http://cppcheck.sourceforge.net), [cpplint](https://github.com/google/styleguide/tree/gh-pages/cpplint), [clang](http://clang.llvm.org/), [clangtidy](http://clang.llvm.org/extra/clang-tidy/) !!, [clang-format](https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangFormat.html), [flawfinder](https://www.dwheeler.com/flawfinder/), [gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org/) |
-| C++ (filetype cpp) | [clang](http://clang.llvm.org/), [clangcheck](http://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangCheck.html) !!, [clangtidy](http://clang.llvm.org/extra/clang-tidy/) !!, [clang-format](https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangFormat.html), [cppcheck](http://cppcheck.sourceforge.net), [cpplint](https://github.com/google/styleguide/tree/gh-pages/cpplint) !!, [cquery](https://github.com/cquery-project/cquery), [flawfinder](https://www.dwheeler.com/flawfinder/), [gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org/) |
+| C | [cppcheck](http://cppcheck.sourceforge.net), [cpplint](https://github.com/google/styleguide/tree/gh-pages/cpplint), [clang](http://clang.llvm.org/), [clangd](https://clang.llvm.org/extra/clangd.html), [clangtidy](http://clang.llvm.org/extra/clang-tidy/) !!, [clang-format](https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangFormat.html), [cquery](https://github.com/cquery-project/cquery), [flawfinder](https://www.dwheeler.com/flawfinder/), [gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org/), [uncrustify](https://github.com/uncrustify/uncrustify) |
+| C++ (filetype cpp) | [clang](http://clang.llvm.org/), [clangd](https://clang.llvm.org/extra/clangd.html), [clangcheck](http://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangCheck.html) !!, [clangtidy](http://clang.llvm.org/extra/clang-tidy/) !!, [clang-format](https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangFormat.html), [clazy](https://github.com/KDE/clazy) !!, [cppcheck](http://cppcheck.sourceforge.net), [cpplint](https://github.com/google/styleguide/tree/gh-pages/cpplint) !!, [cquery](https://github.com/cquery-project/cquery), [flawfinder](https://www.dwheeler.com/flawfinder/), [gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org/), [uncrustify](https://github.com/uncrustify/uncrustify) |
 | CUDA | [nvcc](http://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-compiler-driver-nvcc/index.html) |
-| C# | [mcs](http://www.mono-project.com/docs/about-mono/languages/csharp/) see:`help ale-cs-mcs` for details, [mcsc](http://www.mono-project.com/docs/about-mono/languages/csharp/) !! see:`help ale-cs-mcsc` for details and configuration|
+| C# | [mcs](http://www.mono-project.com/docs/about-mono/languages/csharp/) see:`help ale-cs-mcs` for details, [mcsc](http://www.mono-project.com/docs/about-mono/languages/csharp/) !! see:`help ale-cs-mcsc` for details and configuration, [uncrustify](https://github.com/uncrustify/uncrustify) |
 | Chef | [foodcritic](http://www.foodcritic.io/) |
 | Clojure | [joker](https://github.com/candid82/joker) |
 | CloudFormation | [cfn-python-lint](https://github.com/awslabs/cfn-python-lint) |
@@ -109,7 +110,7 @@ formatting.
 | CSS | [csslint](http://csslint.net/), [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier), [stylelint](https://github.com/stylelint/stylelint) |
 | Cucumber | [cucumber](https://cucumber.io/) |
 | Cython (pyrex filetype) | [cython](http://cython.org/) |
-| D | [dmd](https://dlang.org/dmd-linux.html) |
+| D | [dmd](https://dlang.org/dmd-linux.html), [uncrustify](https://github.com/uncrustify/uncrustify) |
 | Dafny | [dafny](https://rise4fun.com/Dafny) !! |
 | Dart | [dartanalyzer](https://github.com/dart-lang/sdk/tree/master/pkg/analyzer_cli) !!, [language_server](https://github.com/natebosch/dart_language_server), [dartfmt](https://github.com/dart-lang/sdk/tree/master/utils/dartfmt) |
 | Dockerfile | [hadolint](https://github.com/hadolint/hadolint) |
@@ -118,63 +119,66 @@ formatting.
 | Erb | [erb](https://apidock.com/ruby/ERB), [erubi](https://github.com/jeremyevans/erubi), [erubis](https://github.com/kwatch/erubis) |
 | Erlang | [erlc](http://erlang.org/doc/man/erlc.html), [SyntaxErl](https://github.com/ten0s/syntaxerl) |
 | Fish | fish [-n flag](https://linux.die.net/man/1/fish)
-| Fortran | [gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org/) |
+| Fortran | [gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org/), [language_server](https://github.com/hansec/fortran-language-server) |
 | Fountain | [proselint](http://proselint.com/) |
 | FusionScript | [fusion-lint](https://github.com/RyanSquared/fusionscript) |
 | Git Commit Messages | [gitlint](https://github.com/jorisroovers/gitlint) |
 | GLSL | [glslang](https://github.com/KhronosGroup/glslang), [glslls](https://github.com/svenstaro/glsl-language-server) |
-| Go | [gofmt](https://golang.org/cmd/gofmt/), [goimports](https://godoc.org/golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goimports), [go vet](https://golang.org/cmd/vet/) !!, [golint](https://godoc.org/github.com/golang/lint), [gotype](https://godoc.org/golang.org/x/tools/cmd/gotype) !!, [gometalinter](https://github.com/alecthomas/gometalinter) !!, [go build](https://golang.org/cmd/go/) !!, [gosimple](https://github.com/dominikh/go-tools/tree/master/cmd/gosimple) !!, [staticcheck](https://github.com/dominikh/go-tools/tree/master/cmd/staticcheck) !! |
+| Go | [gofmt](https://golang.org/cmd/gofmt/), [goimports](https://godoc.org/golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goimports), [go mod](https://golang.org/cmd/go/) !!, [go vet](https://golang.org/cmd/vet/) !!, [golint](https://godoc.org/github.com/golang/lint), [gotype](https://godoc.org/golang.org/x/tools/cmd/gotype) !!, [gometalinter](https://github.com/alecthomas/gometalinter) !!, [go build](https://golang.org/cmd/go/) !!, [gosimple](https://github.com/dominikh/go-tools/tree/master/cmd/gosimple) !!, [staticcheck](https://github.com/dominikh/go-tools/tree/master/cmd/staticcheck) !!, [golangserver](https://github.com/sourcegraph/go-langserver), [golangci-lint](https://github.com/golangci/golangci-lint) !! |
 | GraphQL | [eslint](http://eslint.org/), [gqlint](https://github.com/happylinks/gqlint), [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier) |
+| Hack | [hack](http://hacklang.org/), [hackfmt](https://github.com/facebook/hhvm/tree/master/hphp/hack/hackfmt), [hhast](https://github.com/hhvm/hhast) (disabled by default; see `:help ale-integration-hack`) |
 | Haml | [haml-lint](https://github.com/brigade/haml-lint) |
 | Handlebars | [ember-template-lint](https://github.com/rwjblue/ember-template-lint) |
-| Haskell | [brittany](https://github.com/lspitzner/brittany), [ghc](https://www.haskell.org/ghc/), [stack-ghc](https://haskellstack.org/), [stack-build](https://haskellstack.org/) !!, [ghc-mod](https://github.com/DanielG/ghc-mod), [stack-ghc-mod](https://github.com/DanielG/ghc-mod), [hlint](https://hackage.haskell.org/package/hlint), [hdevtools](https://hackage.haskell.org/package/hdevtools), [hfmt](https://github.com/danstiner/hfmt) |
+| Haskell | [brittany](https://github.com/lspitzner/brittany), [ghc](https://www.haskell.org/ghc/), [cabal-ghc](https://www.haskell.org/cabal/), [stylish-haskell](https://github.com/jaspervdj/stylish-haskell), [stack-ghc](https://haskellstack.org/), [stack-build](https://haskellstack.org/) !!, [ghc-mod](https://github.com/DanielG/ghc-mod), [stack-ghc-mod](https://github.com/DanielG/ghc-mod), [hlint](https://hackage.haskell.org/package/hlint), [hdevtools](https://hackage.haskell.org/package/hdevtools), [hfmt](https://github.com/danstiner/hfmt), [hie](https://github.com/haskell/haskell-ide-engine) |
 | HTML | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [HTMLHint](http://htmlhint.com/), [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [tidy](http://www.html-tidy.org/), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
 | Idris | [idris](http://www.idris-lang.org/) |
-| Java | [checkstyle](http://checkstyle.sourceforge.net), [javac](http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html), [google-java-format](https://github.com/google/google-java-format), [PMD](https://pmd.github.io/) |
+| Java | [checkstyle](http://checkstyle.sourceforge.net), [javac](http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html), [google-java-format](https://github.com/google/google-java-format), [PMD](https://pmd.github.io/), [javalsp](https://github.com/georgewfraser/vscode-javac), [uncrustify](https://github.com/uncrustify/uncrustify) |
 | JavaScript | [eslint](http://eslint.org/), [flow](https://flowtype.org/), [jscs](http://jscs.info/), [jshint](http://jshint.com/), [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier), [prettier-eslint](https://github.com/prettier/prettier-eslint-cli), [prettier-standard](https://github.com/sheerun/prettier-standard), [standard](http://standardjs.com/), [xo](https://github.com/sindresorhus/xo)
 | JSON | [fixjson](https://github.com/rhysd/fixjson), [jsonlint](http://zaa.ch/jsonlint/), [jq](https://stedolan.github.io/jq/), [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier) |
-| Kotlin | [kotlinc](https://kotlinlang.org) !!, [ktlint](https://ktlint.github.io) !! see `:help ale-integration-kotlin` for configuration instructions |
+| Julia | [languageserver](https://github.com/JuliaEditorSupport/LanguageServer.jl) |
+| Kotlin | [kotlinc](https://kotlinlang.org) !!, [ktlint](https://ktlint.github.io) !!, [languageserver](https://github.com/fwcd/KotlinLanguageServer) see `:help ale-integration-kotlin` for configuration instructions |
 | LaTeX | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [chktex](http://www.nongnu.org/chktex/), [lacheck](https://www.ctan.org/pkg/lacheck), [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [redpen](http://redpen.cc/), [vale](https://github.com/ValeLint/vale), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
 | Less | [lessc](https://www.npmjs.com/package/less), [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier), [stylelint](https://github.com/stylelint/stylelint) |
 | LLVM | [llc](https://llvm.org/docs/CommandGuide/llc.html) |
 | Lua | [luac](https://www.lua.org/manual/5.1/luac.html), [luacheck](https://github.com/mpeterv/luacheck) |
 | Mail | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [vale](https://github.com/ValeLint/vale) |
 | Make | [checkmake](https://github.com/mrtazz/checkmake) |
-| Markdown | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [markdownlint](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint) !!, [mdl](https://github.com/mivok/markdownlint), [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier), [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [redpen](http://redpen.cc/), [remark-lint](https://github.com/wooorm/remark-lint) !!, [textlint](https://textlint.github.io/), [vale](https://github.com/ValeLint/vale), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
+| Markdown | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [markdownlint](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint) !!, [mdl](https://github.com/mivok/markdownlint), [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier), [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [redpen](http://redpen.cc/), [remark-lint](https://github.com/wooorm/remark-lint), [textlint](https://textlint.github.io/), [vale](https://github.com/ValeLint/vale), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
 | MATLAB | [mlint](https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/ref/mlint.html) |
 | Mercury | [mmc](http://mercurylang.org) !! |
 | NASM | [nasm](https://www.nasm.us/) !! |
 | Nim | [nim check](https://nim-lang.org/docs/nimc.html) !! |
 | nix | [nix-instantiate](http://nixos.org/nix/manual/#sec-nix-instantiate) |
 | nroff | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good)|
-| Objective-C | [clang](http://clang.llvm.org/) |
-| Objective-C++ | [clang](http://clang.llvm.org/) |
-| OCaml | [merlin](https://github.com/the-lambda-church/merlin) see `:help ale-ocaml-merlin` for configuration instructions, [ols](https://github.com/freebroccolo/ocaml-language-server) |
+| Objective-C | [clang](http://clang.llvm.org/), [clangd](https://clang.llvm.org/extra/clangd.html), [uncrustify](https://github.com/uncrustify/uncrustify) |
+| Objective-C++ | [clang](http://clang.llvm.org/), [clangd](https://clang.llvm.org/extra/clangd.html), [uncrustify](https://github.com/uncrustify/uncrustify) |
+| OCaml | [merlin](https://github.com/the-lambda-church/merlin) see `:help ale-ocaml-merlin` for configuration instructions, [ols](https://github.com/freebroccolo/ocaml-language-server), [ocamlformat](https://github.com/ocaml-ppx/ocamlformat) |
+| Pawn | [uncrustify](https://github.com/uncrustify/uncrustify) |
 | Perl | [perl -c](https://perl.org/), [perl-critic](https://metacpan.org/pod/Perl::Critic), [perltidy](https://metacpan.org/pod/distribution/Perl-Tidy/bin/perltidy) |
-| PHP | [hack](http://hacklang.org/), [hackfmt](https://github.com/facebook/flow/tree/master/hack/hackfmt), [langserver](https://github.com/felixfbecker/php-language-server), [phan](https://github.com/phan/phan) see `:help ale-php-phan` to instructions, [php -l](https://secure.php.net/), [phpcs](https://github.com/squizlabs/PHP_CodeSniffer), [phpmd](https://phpmd.org), [phpstan](https://github.com/phpstan/phpstan), [phpcbf](https://github.com/squizlabs/PHP_CodeSniffer), [php-cs-fixer](http://cs.sensiolabs.org/) |
+| PHP | [langserver](https://github.com/felixfbecker/php-language-server), [phan](https://github.com/phan/phan) see `:help ale-php-phan` to instructions, [php -l](https://secure.php.net/), [phpcs](https://github.com/squizlabs/PHP_CodeSniffer), [phpmd](https://phpmd.org), [phpstan](https://github.com/phpstan/phpstan), [phpcbf](https://github.com/squizlabs/PHP_CodeSniffer), [php-cs-fixer](http://cs.sensiolabs.org/) |
 | PO | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [msgfmt](https://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/html_node/msgfmt-Invocation.html), [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
 | Pod | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
 | Pony | [ponyc](https://github.com/ponylang/ponyc) |
 | proto | [protoc-gen-lint](https://github.com/ckaznocha/protoc-gen-lint) |
 | Pug | [pug-lint](https://github.com/pugjs/pug-lint) |
-| Puppet | [puppet](https://puppet.com), [puppet-lint](https://puppet-lint.com) |
-| Python | [autopep8](https://github.com/hhatto/autopep8), [black](https://github.com/ambv/black), [flake8](http://flake8.pycqa.org/en/latest/), [isort](https://github.com/timothycrosley/isort), [mypy](http://mypy-lang.org/), [prospector](http://github.com/landscapeio/prospector), [pycodestyle](https://github.com/PyCQA/pycodestyle), [pyls](https://github.com/palantir/python-language-server), [pyre](https://github.com/facebook/pyre-check), [pylint](https://www.pylint.org/) !!, [yapf](https://github.com/google/yapf) |
+| Puppet | [languageserver](https://github.com/lingua-pupuli/puppet-editor-services), [puppet](https://puppet.com), [puppet-lint](https://puppet-lint.com) |
+| Python | [autopep8](https://github.com/hhatto/autopep8), [black](https://github.com/ambv/black), [flake8](http://flake8.pycqa.org/en/latest/), [isort](https://github.com/timothycrosley/isort), [mypy](http://mypy-lang.org/), [prospector](https://github.com/PyCQA/prospector), [pycodestyle](https://github.com/PyCQA/pycodestyle), [pyls](https://github.com/palantir/python-language-server), [pyre](https://github.com/facebook/pyre-check), [pylint](https://www.pylint.org/) !!, [vulture](https://github.com/jendrikseipp/vulture) !!, [yapf](https://github.com/google/yapf) |
 | QML | [qmlfmt](https://github.com/jesperhh/qmlfmt), [qmllint](https://github.com/qt/qtdeclarative/tree/5.11/tools/qmllint) |
 | R | [lintr](https://github.com/jimhester/lintr) |
 | ReasonML | [merlin](https://github.com/the-lambda-church/merlin) see `:help ale-reasonml-ols` for configuration instructions, [ols](https://github.com/freebroccolo/ocaml-language-server), [refmt](https://github.com/reasonml/reason-cli) |
 | reStructuredText | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [redpen](http://redpen.cc/), [rstcheck](https://github.com/myint/rstcheck), [vale](https://github.com/ValeLint/vale), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
 | Re:VIEW | [redpen](http://redpen.cc/) |
 | RPM spec | [rpmlint](https://github.com/rpm-software-management/rpmlint) (disabled by default; see `:help ale-integration-spec`) |
-| Ruby | [brakeman](http://brakemanscanner.org/) !!, [rails_best_practices](https://github.com/flyerhzm/rails_best_practices) !!, [reek](https://github.com/troessner/reek), [rubocop](https://github.com/bbatsov/rubocop), [ruby](https://www.ruby-lang.org), [rufo](https://github.com/ruby-formatter/rufo) |
+| Ruby | [brakeman](http://brakemanscanner.org/) !!, [rails_best_practices](https://github.com/flyerhzm/rails_best_practices) !!, [reek](https://github.com/troessner/reek), [rubocop](https://github.com/bbatsov/rubocop), [ruby](https://www.ruby-lang.org), [rufo](https://github.com/ruby-formatter/rufo), [solargraph](https://solargraph.org) |
 | Rust |  cargo !! (see `:help ale-integration-rust` for configuration instructions), [rls](https://github.com/rust-lang-nursery/rls), [rustc](https://www.rust-lang.org/), [rustfmt](https://github.com/rust-lang-nursery/rustfmt) |
 | SASS | [sass-lint](https://www.npmjs.com/package/sass-lint), [stylelint](https://github.com/stylelint/stylelint) |
 | SCSS | [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier), [sass-lint](https://www.npmjs.com/package/sass-lint), [scss-lint](https://github.com/brigade/scss-lint), [stylelint](https://github.com/stylelint/stylelint) |
-| Scala | [fsc](https://www.scala-lang.org/old/sites/default/files/linuxsoft_archives/docu/files/tools/fsc.html), [scalac](http://scala-lang.org), [scalafmt](https://scalameta.org/scalafmt/), [scalastyle](http://www.scalastyle.org) |
+| Scala | [fsc](https://www.scala-lang.org/old/sites/default/files/linuxsoft_archives/docu/files/tools/fsc.html), [sbtserver](https://www.scala-sbt.org/1.x/docs/sbt-server.html), [scalac](http://scala-lang.org), [scalafmt](https://scalameta.org/scalafmt/), [scalastyle](http://www.scalastyle.org)|
 | Slim | [slim-lint](https://github.com/sds/slim-lint) |
 | SML | [smlnj](http://www.smlnj.org/) |
 | Solidity | [solhint](https://github.com/protofire/solhint), [solium](https://github.com/duaraghav8/Solium) |
 | Stylus | [stylelint](https://github.com/stylelint/stylelint) |
-| SQL | [sqlint](https://github.com/purcell/sqlint) |
+| SQL | [sqlint](https://github.com/purcell/sqlint), [sqlfmt](https://github.com/jackc/sqlfmt) |
 | Swift | [swiftlint](https://github.com/realm/SwiftLint), [swiftformat](https://github.com/nicklockwood/SwiftFormat) |
 | Tcl | [nagelfar](http://nagelfar.sourceforge.net) !! |
 | Terraform | [tflint](https://github.com/wata727/tflint) |
@@ -182,13 +186,15 @@ formatting.
 | Text^ | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [redpen](http://redpen.cc/), [textlint](https://textlint.github.io/), [vale](https://github.com/ValeLint/vale), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
 | Thrift | [thrift](http://thrift.apache.org/) |
 | TypeScript | [eslint](http://eslint.org/), [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier), [tslint](https://github.com/palantir/tslint), tsserver, typecheck |
+| VALA | [uncrustify](https://github.com/uncrustify/uncrustify) |
 | Verilog | [iverilog](https://github.com/steveicarus/iverilog), [verilator](http://www.veripool.org/projects/verilator/wiki/Intro) |
 | Vim | [vint](https://github.com/Kuniwak/vint) |
 | Vim help^ | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
-| Vue | [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier) |
+| Vue | [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier), [vls](https://github.com/vuejs/vetur/tree/master/server) |
 | XHTML | [alex](https://github.com/wooorm/alex) !!, [proselint](http://proselint.com/), [write-good](https://github.com/btford/write-good) |
 | XML | [xmllint](http://xmlsoft.org/xmllint.html) |
-| YAML | [swaglint](https://github.com/byCedric/swaglint), [yamllint](https://yamllint.readthedocs.io/) |
+| YAML | [prettier](https://github.com/prettier/prettier), [swaglint](https://github.com/byCedric/swaglint), [yamllint](https://yamllint.readthedocs.io/) |
+| YANG | [yang-lsp](https://github.com/theia-ide/yang-lsp) |

 <a name="usage"></a>

@@ -228,12 +234,18 @@ let b:ale_fixers = ['prettier', 'eslint']
 let b:ale_fixers = {'javascript': ['prettier', 'eslint']}
 ```

-You can also configure your fixers from vimrc using `g:ale_fixers`, before
-or after ALE has been loaded.
+You can also configure your fixers from vimrc using `g:ale_fixers`, before or
+after ALE has been loaded.
+
+A `*` in place of the filetype will apply a List of fixers to all files which
+do not match some filetype in the Dictionary.
+
+Note that using a plain List for `g:ale_fixers` is not supported.

 ```vim
 " In ~/.vim/vimrc, or somewhere similar.
 let g:ale_fixers = {
+\   '*': ['remove_trailing_lines', 'trim_whitespace'],
 \   'javascript': ['eslint'],
 \}
 ```
--- a/ale_linters/apiblueprint/drafter.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/apiblueprint/drafter.vim
@@ -16,10 +16,12 @@ function! ale_linters#apiblueprint#drafter#HandleErrors(buffer, lines) abort
        \   'lnum': l:match[3] + 0,
        \   'col': l:match[4] + 0,
        \}
+
        if l:match[5] isnot# ''
            let l:item.end_lnum = l:match[6] + 0
            let l:item.end_col = l:match[7] + 0
        endif
+
        call add(l:output, l:item)
    endfor

@@ -31,6 +33,6 @@ call ale#linter#Define('apiblueprint', {
 \   'name': 'drafter',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'executable': 'drafter',
-\   'command': 'drafter --use-line-num --validate %t',
+\   'command': 'drafter --use-line-num --validate',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#apiblueprint#drafter#HandleErrors',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/asciidoc/write-good.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/asciidoc/write-good.vim
@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
-" Description: write-good for AsciiDoc files
-
-call ale#linter#Define('asciidoc', {
-\   'name': 'write-good',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetExecutable',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetCommand',
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#Handle',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/asciidoc/writegood.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/asciidoc/writegood.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
+" Description: write-good for AsciiDoc files
+
+call ale#handlers#writegood#DefineLinter('asciidoc')
--- a/ale_linters/asm/gcc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/asm/gcc.vim
@@ -4,15 +4,10 @@
 call ale#Set('asm_gcc_executable', 'gcc')
 call ale#Set('asm_gcc_options', '-Wall')

-function! ale_linters#asm#gcc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'asm_gcc_executable')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#asm#gcc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#asm#gcc#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
-    \    . ' -x assembler -fsyntax-only '
-    \    . '-iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h'))
-    \    . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'asm_gcc_options') . ' -'
+    return '%e -x assembler -fsyntax-only '
+    \   . '-iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h'))
+    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'asm_gcc_options') . ' -'
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#asm#gcc#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
@@ -33,7 +28,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('asm', {
 \    'name': 'gcc',
 \    'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\    'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#asm#gcc#GetExecutable',
+\    'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('asm_gcc_executable'),
 \    'command_callback': 'ale_linters#asm#gcc#GetCommand',
 \    'callback': 'ale_linters#asm#gcc#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/awk/gawk.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/awk/gawk.vim
@@ -1,29 +1,21 @@
 " Author: kmarc <korondi.mark@gmail.com>
 " Description: This file adds support for using GNU awk with sripts.

-let g:ale_awk_gawk_executable =
-\   get(g:, 'ale_awk_gawk_executable', 'gawk')
-
-let g:ale_awk_gawk_options =
-\   get(g:, 'ale_awk_gawk_options', '')
-
-function! ale_linters#awk#gawk#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'awk_gawk_executable')
-endfunction
+call ale#Set('awk_gawk_executable', 'gawk')
+call ale#Set('awk_gawk_options', '')

 function! ale_linters#awk#gawk#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    " note the --source 'BEGIN ...' is to prevent
    " gawk from attempting to execute the body of the script
    " it is linting.
-    return ale_linters#awk#gawk#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
-    \   . " --source 'BEGIN { exit } END { exit 1 }'"
-    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'awk_gawk_options')
-    \   . ' ' . '-f %t --lint /dev/null'
+    return '%e --source ' . ale#Escape('BEGIN { exit } END { exit 1 }')
+    \   .  ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'awk_gawk_options'))
+    \   . ' -f %t --lint /dev/null'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('awk', {
 \   'name': 'gawk',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#awk#gawk#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('awk_gawk_executable'),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#awk#gawk#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gawk#HandleGawkFormat',
 \   'output_stream': 'both'
--- a/ale_linters/c/clang.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/c/clang.vim
@@ -4,29 +4,24 @@
 call ale#Set('c_clang_executable', 'clang')
 call ale#Set('c_clang_options', '-std=c11 -Wall')

-function! ale_linters#c#clang#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clang_executable')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#c#clang#GetCommand(buffer, output) abort
    let l:cflags = ale#c#GetCFlags(a:buffer, a:output)

    " -iquote with the directory the file is in makes #include work for
    "  headers in the same directory.
-    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#c#clang#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
-    \   . ' -S -x c -fsyntax-only '
-    \   . '-iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h')) . ' '
-    \   . l:cflags
-    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clang_options') . ' -'
+    return '%e -S -x c -fsyntax-only'
+    \   . ' -iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h'))
+    \   . ale#Pad(l:cflags)
+    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clang_options')) . ' -'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('c', {
 \   'name': 'clang',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#c#clang#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('c_clang_executable'),
 \   'command_chain': [
 \       {'callback': 'ale#c#GetMakeCommand', 'output_stream': 'stdout'},
 \       {'callback': 'ale_linters#c#clang#GetCommand'}
 \   ],
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormatWithIncludes',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/c/clangd.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/c/clangd.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+" Author: Andrey Melentyev <andrey.melentyev@protonmail.com>
+" Description: Clangd language server
+
+call ale#Set('c_clangd_executable', 'clangd')
+call ale#Set('c_clangd_options', '')
+
+function! ale_linters#c#clangd#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
+    let l:project_root = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'compile_commands.json')
+
+    return !empty(l:project_root) ? fnamemodify(l:project_root, ':h') : ''
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#c#clangd#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    return '%e' . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clangd_options'))
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('c', {
+\   'name': 'clangd',
+\   'lsp': 'stdio',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('c_clangd_executable'),
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#c#clangd#GetCommand',
+\   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#c#clangd#GetProjectRoot',
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/c/clangtidy.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/c/clangtidy.vim
@@ -16,38 +16,16 @@ call ale#Set('c_clangtidy_checks', ['*'])
 call ale#Set('c_clangtidy_options', '')
 call ale#Set('c_build_dir', '')

-function! ale_linters#c#clangtidy#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clangtidy_executable')
-endfunction
-
-function! s:GetBuildDirectory(buffer) abort
-    " Don't include build directory for header files, as compile_commands.json
-    " files don't consider headers to be translation units, and provide no
-    " commands for compiling header files.
-    if expand('#' . a:buffer) =~# '\v\.(h|hpp)$'
-        return ''
-    endif
-
-    let l:build_dir = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_build_dir')
-
-    " c_build_dir has the priority if defined
-    if !empty(l:build_dir)
-        return l:build_dir
-    endif
-
-    return ale#c#FindCompileCommands(a:buffer)
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#c#clangtidy#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:checks = join(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clangtidy_checks'), ',')
-    let l:build_dir = s:GetBuildDirectory(a:buffer)
+    let l:build_dir = ale#c#GetBuildDirectory(a:buffer)

    " Get the extra options if we couldn't find a build directory.
    let l:options = empty(l:build_dir)
    \   ? ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_clangtidy_options')
    \   : ''

-    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#c#clangtidy#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    return '%e'
    \   . (!empty(l:checks) ? ' -checks=' . ale#Escape(l:checks) : '')
    \   . ' %s'
    \   . (!empty(l:build_dir) ? ' -p ' . ale#Escape(l:build_dir) : '')
@@ -57,7 +35,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('c', {
 \   'name': 'clangtidy',
 \   'output_stream': 'stdout',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#c#clangtidy#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('c_clangtidy_executable'),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#c#clangtidy#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
--- a/ale_linters/c/cppcheck.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/c/cppcheck.vim
@@ -4,10 +4,6 @@
 call ale#Set('c_cppcheck_executable', 'cppcheck')
 call ale#Set('c_cppcheck_options', '--enable=style')

-function! ale_linters#c#cppcheck#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_cppcheck_executable')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#c#cppcheck#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    " Search upwards from the file for compile_commands.json.
    "
@@ -23,8 +19,7 @@ function! ale_linters#c#cppcheck#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    \   : ''

    return l:cd_command
-    \   . ale#Escape(ale_linters#c#cppcheck#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
-    \   . ' -q --language=c '
+    \   . '%e -q --language=c '
    \   . l:compile_commands_option
    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_cppcheck_options')
    \   . ' %t'
@@ -33,7 +28,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('c', {
 \   'name': 'cppcheck',
 \   'output_stream': 'both',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#c#cppcheck#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('c_cppcheck_executable'),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#c#cppcheck#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#cppcheck#HandleCppCheckFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/c/cquery.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/c/cquery.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+" Author: Ben Falconer <ben@falconers.me.uk>, jtalowell <jtalowell@protonmail.com>
+" Description: A language server for C
+
+call ale#Set('c_cquery_executable', 'cquery')
+call ale#Set('c_cquery_cache_directory', expand('~/.cache/cquery'))
+
+function! ale_linters#c#cquery#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
+    let l:project_root = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'compile_commands.json')
+
+    if empty(l:project_root)
+        let l:project_root = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, '.cquery')
+    endif
+
+    return !empty(l:project_root) ? fnamemodify(l:project_root, ':h') : ''
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#c#cquery#GetInitializationOptions(buffer) abort
+    return {'cacheDirectory': ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_cquery_cache_directory')}
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('c', {
+\   'name': 'cquery',
+\   'lsp': 'stdio',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('c_cquery_executable'),
+\   'command': '%e',
+\   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#c#cquery#GetProjectRoot',
+\   'initialization_options_callback': 'ale_linters#c#cquery#GetInitializationOptions',
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/c/flawfinder.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/c/flawfinder.vim
@@ -6,18 +6,12 @@ call ale#Set('c_flawfinder_options', '')
 call ale#Set('c_flawfinder_minlevel', 1)
 call ale#Set('c_flawfinder_error_severity', 6)

-function! ale_linters#c#flawfinder#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-   return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_flawfinder_executable')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#c#flawfinder#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-
   " Set the minimum vulnerability level for flawfinder to bother with
   let l:minlevel = ' --minlevel=' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_flawfinder_minlevel')

-   return ale#Escape(ale_linters#c#flawfinder#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
-   \  . ' -CDQS'
-   \  . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_flawfinder_options')
+   return '%e -CDQS'
+   \  . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_flawfinder_options'))
   \  . l:minlevel
   \  . ' %t'
 endfunction
@@ -25,7 +19,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('c', {
 \  'name': 'flawfinder',
 \  'output_stream': 'stdout',
-\  'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#c#flawfinder#GetExecutable',
+\  'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('c_flawfinder_executable'),
 \  'command_callback': 'ale_linters#c#flawfinder#GetCommand',
 \  'callback': 'ale#handlers#flawfinder#HandleFlawfinderFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/c/gcc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/c/gcc.vim
@@ -4,29 +4,24 @@
 call ale#Set('c_gcc_executable', 'gcc')
 call ale#Set('c_gcc_options', '-std=c11 -Wall')

-function! ale_linters#c#gcc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_gcc_executable')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#c#gcc#GetCommand(buffer, output) abort
    let l:cflags = ale#c#GetCFlags(a:buffer, a:output)

    " -iquote with the directory the file is in makes #include work for
    "  headers in the same directory.
-    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#c#gcc#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
-    \   . ' -S -x c -fsyntax-only '
-    \   . '-iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h')) . ' '
-    \   . l:cflags
-    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_gcc_options') . ' -'
+    return '%e -S -x c -fsyntax-only'
+    \   . ' -iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h'))
+    \   . ale#Pad(l:cflags)
+    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_gcc_options')) . ' -'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('c', {
 \   'name': 'gcc',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#c#gcc#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('c_gcc_executable'),
 \   'command_chain': [
 \       {'callback': 'ale#c#GetMakeCommand', 'output_stream': 'stdout'},
 \       {'callback': 'ale_linters#c#gcc#GetCommand'}
 \   ],
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormatWithIncludes',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/chef/foodcritic.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/chef/foodcritic.vim
@@ -6,17 +6,10 @@
 call ale#Set('chef_foodcritic_executable', 'foodcritic')
 call ale#Set('chef_foodcritic_options', '')

-function! ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'chef_foodcritic_executable')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:executable = ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'chef_foodcritic_options')

-    return ale#Escape(l:executable)
-    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . escape(l:options, '~') : '')
-    \   . ' %s'
+    return '%e' . ale#Pad(escape(l:options, '~')) . ' %s'
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
@@ -41,7 +34,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('chef', {
 \   'name': 'foodcritic',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('chef_foodcritic_executable'),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#chef#foodcritic#Handle',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
--- a/ale_linters/clojure/joker.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/clojure/joker.vim
@@ -9,9 +9,11 @@ function! ale_linters#clojure#joker#HandleJokerFormat(buffer, lines) abort

    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
        let l:type = 'E'
+
        if l:match[4] is? 'Parse warning'
          let l:type = 'W'
        endif
+
        call add(l:output, {
        \   'lnum': l:match[1] + 0,
        \   'col': l:match[2] + 0,
@@ -27,6 +29,6 @@ call ale#linter#Define('clojure', {
 \   'name': 'joker',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'executable': 'joker',
-\   'command': 'joker --lint %t',
+\   'command': 'joker --working-dir %s --lint %t',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#clojure#joker#HandleJokerFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/clang.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/clang.vim
@@ -4,29 +4,24 @@
 call ale#Set('cpp_clang_executable', 'clang++')
 call ale#Set('cpp_clang_options', '-std=c++14 -Wall')

-function! ale_linters#cpp#clang#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clang_executable')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#cpp#clang#GetCommand(buffer, output) abort
    let l:cflags = ale#c#GetCFlags(a:buffer, a:output)

    " -iquote with the directory the file is in makes #include work for
    "  headers in the same directory.
-    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#cpp#clang#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
-    \   . ' -S -x c++ -fsyntax-only '
-    \   . '-iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h')) . ' '
-    \   . l:cflags
-    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clang_options') . ' -'
+    return '%e -S -x c++ -fsyntax-only'
+    \   . ' -iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h'))
+    \   . ale#Pad(l:cflags)
+    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clang_options')) . ' -'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \   'name': 'clang',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#clang#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('cpp_clang_executable'),
 \   'command_chain': [
 \       {'callback': 'ale#c#GetMakeCommand', 'output_stream': 'stdout'},
 \       {'callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#clang#GetCommand'},
 \   ],
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormatWithIncludes',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/clangcheck.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/clangcheck.vim
@@ -5,10 +5,6 @@ call ale#Set('cpp_clangcheck_executable', 'clang-check')
 call ale#Set('cpp_clangcheck_options', '')
 call ale#Set('c_build_dir', '')

-function! ale_linters#cpp#clangcheck#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangcheck_executable')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#cpp#clangcheck#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:user_options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangcheck_options')

@@ -16,23 +12,22 @@ function! ale_linters#cpp#clangcheck#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:build_dir = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_build_dir')

    if empty(l:build_dir)
-        let l:build_dir = ale#c#FindCompileCommands(a:buffer)
+        let l:build_dir = ale#path#Dirname(ale#c#FindCompileCommands(a:buffer))
    endif

    " The extra arguments in the command are used to prevent .plist files from
    " being generated. These are only added if no build directory can be
    " detected.
-    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#cpp#clangcheck#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
-    \   . ' -analyze %s'
+    return '%e -analyze %s'
    \   . (empty(l:build_dir) ? ' -extra-arg -Xclang -extra-arg -analyzer-output=text' : '')
-    \   . (!empty(l:user_options) ? ' ' . l:user_options : '')
+    \   . ale#Pad(l:user_options)
    \   . (!empty(l:build_dir) ? ' -p ' . ale#Escape(l:build_dir) : '')
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \   'name': 'clangcheck',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#clangcheck#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('cpp_clangcheck_executable'),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#clangcheck#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/clangd.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/clangd.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+" Author: Andrey Melentyev <andrey.melentyev@protonmail.com>
+" Description: Clangd language server
+
+call ale#Set('cpp_clangd_executable', 'clangd')
+call ale#Set('cpp_clangd_options', '')
+
+function! ale_linters#cpp#clangd#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
+    let l:project_root = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'compile_commands.json')
+
+    return !empty(l:project_root) ? fnamemodify(l:project_root, ':h') : ''
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#cpp#clangd#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    return '%e' . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangd_options'))
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
+\   'name': 'clangd',
+\   'lsp': 'stdio',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('cpp_clangd_executable'),
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#clangd#GetCommand',
+\   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#clangd#GetProjectRoot',
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/clangtidy.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/clangtidy.vim
@@ -10,38 +10,16 @@ call ale#Set('cpp_clangtidy_checks', ['*'])
 call ale#Set('cpp_clangtidy_options', '')
 call ale#Set('c_build_dir', '')

-function! ale_linters#cpp#clangtidy#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangtidy_executable')
-endfunction
-
-function! s:GetBuildDirectory(buffer) abort
-    " Don't include build directory for header files, as compile_commands.json
-    " files don't consider headers to be translation units, and provide no
-    " commands for compiling header files.
-    if expand('#' . a:buffer) =~# '\v\.(h|hpp)$'
-        return ''
-    endif
-
-    let l:build_dir = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_build_dir')
-
-    " c_build_dir has the priority if defined
-    if !empty(l:build_dir)
-        return l:build_dir
-    endif
-
-    return ale#c#FindCompileCommands(a:buffer)
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#cpp#clangtidy#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:checks = join(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangtidy_checks'), ',')
-    let l:build_dir = s:GetBuildDirectory(a:buffer)
+    let l:build_dir = ale#c#GetBuildDirectory(a:buffer)

    " Get the extra options if we couldn't find a build directory.
    let l:options = empty(l:build_dir)
    \   ? ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clangtidy_options')
    \   : ''

-    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#cpp#clangtidy#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    return '%e'
    \   . (!empty(l:checks) ? ' -checks=' . ale#Escape(l:checks) : '')
    \   . ' %s'
    \   . (!empty(l:build_dir) ? ' -p ' . ale#Escape(l:build_dir) : '')
@@ -51,7 +29,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \   'name': 'clangtidy',
 \   'output_stream': 'stdout',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#clangtidy#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('cpp_clangtidy_executable'),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#clangtidy#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/clazy.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/clazy.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+" Description: clazy linter for cpp files (clang-based and Qt-oriented)
+
+call ale#Set('cpp_clazy_executable', 'clazy-standalone')
+" Set this option to check the checks clazy will apply.
+call ale#Set('cpp_clazy_checks', ['level1'])
+" Set this option to manually set some options for clazy.
+" This will disable compile_commands.json detection.
+call ale#Set('cpp_clazy_options', '')
+call ale#Set('c_build_dir', '')
+
+function! ale_linters#cpp#clazy#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:checks = join(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clazy_checks'), ',')
+    let l:build_dir = ale#c#GetBuildDirectory(a:buffer)
+
+    " Get the extra options if we couldn't find a build directory.
+    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_clazy_options')
+
+    return '%e'
+    \   . (!empty(l:checks) ? ' -checks=' . ale#Escape(l:checks) : '')
+    \   . (!empty(l:build_dir) ? ' -p ' . ale#Escape(l:build_dir) : '')
+    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
+    \   . ' %s'
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
+\   'name': 'clazy',
+\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('cpp_clazy_executable'),
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#clazy#GetCommand',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
+\   'lint_file': 1,
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/cppcheck.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/cppcheck.vim
@@ -4,10 +4,6 @@
 call ale#Set('cpp_cppcheck_executable', 'cppcheck')
 call ale#Set('cpp_cppcheck_options', '--enable=style')

-function! ale_linters#cpp#cppcheck#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cppcheck_executable')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#cpp#cppcheck#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    " Search upwards from the file for compile_commands.json.
    "
@@ -23,8 +19,7 @@ function! ale_linters#cpp#cppcheck#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    \   : ''

    return l:cd_command
-    \   . ale#Escape(ale_linters#cpp#cppcheck#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
-    \   . ' -q --language=c++ '
+    \   . '%e -q --language=c++ '
    \   . l:compile_commands_option
    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cppcheck_options')
    \   . ' %t'
@@ -33,7 +28,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \   'name': 'cppcheck',
 \   'output_stream': 'both',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#cppcheck#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('cpp_cppcheck_executable'),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#cppcheck#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#cppcheck#HandleCppCheckFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/cpplint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/cpplint.vim
@@ -4,22 +4,16 @@
 call ale#Set('cpp_cpplint_executable', 'cpplint')
 call ale#Set('cpp_cpplint_options', '')

-function! ale_linters#cpp#cpplint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cpplint_executable')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#cpp#cpplint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cpplint_options')

-    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#cpp#cpplint#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
-    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
-    \   . ' %s'
+    return '%e' . ale#Pad(l:options) . ' %s'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \   'name': 'cpplint',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#cpplint#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('cpp_cpplint_executable'),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#cpplint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#cpplint#HandleCppLintFormat',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/cquery.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/cquery.vim
@@ -7,18 +7,13 @@ call ale#Set('cpp_cquery_cache_directory', expand('~/.cache/cquery'))
 function! ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
    let l:project_root = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'compile_commands.json')

+    if empty(l:project_root)
+        let l:project_root = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, '.cquery')
+    endif
+
    return !empty(l:project_root) ? fnamemodify(l:project_root, ':h') : ''
 endfunction

-function! ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cquery_executable')
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:executable = ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
-    return ale#Escape(l:executable)
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetInitializationOptions(buffer) abort
    return {'cacheDirectory': ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cquery_cache_directory')}
 endfunction
@@ -26,9 +21,8 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \   'name': 'cquery',
 \   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetExecutable',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetCommand',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('cpp_cquery_executable'),
+\   'command': '%e',
 \   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetProjectRoot',
 \   'initialization_options_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#cquery#GetInitializationOptions',
-\   'language': 'cpp',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/flawfinder.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/flawfinder.vim
@@ -6,17 +6,11 @@ call ale#Set('cpp_flawfinder_options', '')
 call ale#Set('cpp_flawfinder_minlevel', 1)
 call ale#Set('c_flawfinder_error_severity', 6)

-function! ale_linters#cpp#flawfinder#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-   return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_flawfinder_executable')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#cpp#flawfinder#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-
   " Set the minimum vulnerability level for flawfinder to bother with
   let l:minlevel = ' --minlevel=' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_flawfinder_minlevel')

-   return ale#Escape(ale_linters#cpp#flawfinder#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
-   \  . ' -CDQS'
+   return '%e -CDQS'
   \  . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_flawfinder_options')
   \  . l:minlevel
   \  . ' %t'
@@ -25,7 +19,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \  'name': 'flawfinder',
 \  'output_stream': 'stdout',
-\  'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#flawfinder#GetExecutable',
+\  'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('cpp_flawfinder_executable'),
 \  'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#flawfinder#GetCommand',
 \  'callback': 'ale#handlers#flawfinder#HandleFlawfinderFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/gcc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/gcc.vim
@@ -4,30 +4,25 @@
 call ale#Set('cpp_gcc_executable', 'gcc')
 call ale#Set('cpp_gcc_options', '-std=c++14 -Wall')

-function! ale_linters#cpp#gcc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_gcc_executable')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#cpp#gcc#GetCommand(buffer, output) abort
    let l:cflags = ale#c#GetCFlags(a:buffer, a:output)

    " -iquote with the directory the file is in makes #include work for
    "  headers in the same directory.
-    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#cpp#gcc#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
-    \   . ' -S -x c++ -fsyntax-only '
-    \   . '-iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h')) . ' '
-    \   . l:cflags
-    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_gcc_options') . ' -'
+    return '%e -S -x c++ -fsyntax-only'
+    \   . ' -iquote ' . ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h'))
+    \   . ale#Pad(l:cflags)
+    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_gcc_options')) . ' -'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('cpp', {
 \   'name': 'gcc',
 \   'aliases': ['g++'],
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#gcc#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('cpp_gcc_executable'),
 \   'command_chain': [
 \       {'callback': 'ale#c#GetMakeCommand', 'output_stream': 'stdout'},
 \       {'callback': 'ale_linters#cpp#gcc#GetCommand'},
 \   ],
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormat',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#gcc#HandleGCCFormatWithIncludes',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cs/mcs.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cs/mcs.vim
@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
 let g:ale_cs_mcs_options = get(g:, 'ale_cs_mcs_options', '')

 function! ale_linters#cs#mcs#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return 'mcs -unsafe --parse ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_mcs_options') . ' %t'
+    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_mcs_options')
+
+    return 'mcs -unsafe --parse'
+    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
+    \   . ' %t'
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#cs#mcs#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
--- a/ale_linters/cs/mcsc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cs/mcsc.vim
@@ -29,16 +29,16 @@ function! ale_linters#cs#mcsc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    \   : ''

    " register temporary module target file with ale
-    let l:out = tempname()
-    call ale#engine#ManageFile(a:buffer, l:out)
+    " register temporary module target file with ALE.
+    let l:out = ale#engine#CreateFile(a:buffer)

    " The code is compiled as a module and the output is redirected to a
    " temporary file.
    return ale#path#CdString(s:GetWorkingDirectory(a:buffer))
    \    . 'mcs -unsafe'
-    \    . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_mcsc_options')
-    \    . ' ' . l:lib_option
-    \    . ' ' . l:r_option
+    \    . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cs_mcsc_options'))
+    \    . ale#Pad(l:lib_option)
+    \    . ale#Pad(l:r_option)
    \    . ' -out:' . l:out
    \    . ' -t:module'
    \    . ' -recurse:' . ale#Escape('*.cs')
--- a/ale_linters/css/stylelint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/css/stylelint.vim
@@ -4,21 +4,16 @@ call ale#Set('css_stylelint_executable', 'stylelint')
 call ale#Set('css_stylelint_options', '')
 call ale#Set('css_stylelint_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))

-function! ale_linters#css#stylelint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'css_stylelint', [
-    \   'node_modules/.bin/stylelint',
-    \])
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#css#stylelint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return ale_linters#css#stylelint#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
-    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'css_stylelint_options')
+    return '%e ' . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'css_stylelint_options'))
    \   . ' --stdin-filename %s'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('css', {
 \   'name': 'stylelint',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#css#stylelint#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('css_stylelint', [
+\       'node_modules/.bin/stylelint',
+\   ]),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#css#stylelint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#css#HandleStyleLintFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/cucumber/cucumber.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cucumber/cucumber.vim
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ function! ale_linters#cucumber#cucumber#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    endtry

    let l:output = []
+
    for l:element in get(l:json, 'elements', [])
        for l:step in l:element['steps']
            if l:step['result']['status'] is# 'undefined'
--- a/ale_linters/cuda/nvcc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cuda/nvcc.vim
@@ -4,20 +4,14 @@
 call ale#Set('cuda_nvcc_executable', 'nvcc')
 call ale#Set('cuda_nvcc_options', '-std=c++11')

-function! ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cuda_nvcc_executable')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    " Unused: use ale#util#nul_file
-    " let l:output_file = tempname() . '.ii'
+    " let l:output_file = ale#util#Tempname() . '.ii'
    " call ale#engine#ManageFile(a:buffer, l:output_file)
-
-    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
-    \   . ' -cuda '
-    \   . ale#c#IncludeOptions(ale#c#FindLocalHeaderPaths(a:buffer))
-    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cuda_nvcc_options') . ' %s'
-    \   . ' -o ' . g:ale#util#nul_file
+    return '%e -cuda'
+    \   . ale#Pad(ale#c#IncludeOptions(ale#c#FindLocalHeaderPaths(a:buffer)))
+    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cuda_nvcc_options'))
+    \   . ' %s -o ' . g:ale#util#nul_file
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#HandleNVCCFormat(buffer, lines) abort
@@ -28,7 +22,6 @@ function! ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#HandleNVCCFormat(buffer, lines) abort
    let l:output = []

    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
-
        let l:item = {
        \   'lnum': str2nr(l:match[2]),
        \   'type': l:match[4] =~# 'error' ? 'E' : 'W',
@@ -49,7 +42,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('cuda', {
 \   'name': 'nvcc',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('cuda_nvcc_executable'),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#cuda#nvcc#HandleNVCCFormat',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
--- a/ale_linters/dafny/dafny.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/dafny/dafny.vim
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ function! ale_linters#dafny#dafny#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
        \    'type': l:match[4] =~# '^Error' ? 'E' : 'W'
        \ })
    endfor
+
    return l:output
 endfunction

--- a/ale_linters/dart/dartanalyzer.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/dart/dartanalyzer.vim
@@ -3,15 +3,10 @@

 call ale#Set('dart_dartanalyzer_executable', 'dartanalyzer')

-function! ale_linters#dart#dartanalyzer#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'dart_dartanalyzer_executable')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#dart#dartanalyzer#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:executable = ale_linters#dart#dartanalyzer#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
    let l:path = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, '.packages')

-    return ale#Escape(l:executable)
+    return '%e'
    \   . (!empty(l:path) ? ' --packages ' . ale#Escape(l:path) : '')
    \   . ' %s'
 endfunction
@@ -34,7 +29,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('dart', {
 \   'name': 'dartanalyzer',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#dart#dartanalyzer#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('dart_dartanalyzer_executable'),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#dart#dartanalyzer#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#dart#dartanalyzer#Handle',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
--- a/ale_linters/dart/language_server.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/dart/language_server.vim
@@ -3,10 +3,6 @@

 call ale#Set('dart_language_server_executable', 'dart_language_server')

-function! ale_linters#dart#language_server#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'dart_language_server_executable')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#dart#language_server#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
    " Note: pub only looks for pubspec.yaml, there's no point in adding
    " support for pubspec.yml
@@ -18,8 +14,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('dart', {
 \   'name': 'language_server',
 \   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#dart#language_server#GetExecutable',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#dart#language_server#GetExecutable',
-\   'language': 'dart',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('dart_language_server_executable'),
+\   'command': '%e',
 \   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#dart#language_server#GetProjectRoot',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/dockerfile/hadolint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/dockerfile/hadolint.vim
@@ -82,9 +82,11 @@ endfunction

 function! ale_linters#dockerfile#hadolint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:command = ale_linters#dockerfile#hadolint#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+
    if l:command is# 'docker'
        return 'docker run --rm -i ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'dockerfile_hadolint_docker_image')
    endif
+
    return 'hadolint -'
 endfunction

--- a/ale_linters/elixir/credo.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/elixir/credo.vim
@@ -29,9 +29,16 @@ function! ale_linters#elixir#credo#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    return l:output
 endfunction

+function! ale_linters#elixir#credo#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:project_root = ale#handlers#elixir#FindMixProjectRoot(a:buffer)
+
+    return ale#path#CdString(l:project_root)
+    \ . ' mix help credo && mix credo suggest --format=flycheck --read-from-stdin %s'
+endfunction
+
 call ale#linter#Define('elixir', {
 \   'name': 'credo',
 \   'executable': 'mix',
-\   'command': 'mix help credo && mix credo suggest --format=flycheck --read-from-stdin %s',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#elixir#credo#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#elixir#credo#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/elixir/dialyxir.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/elixir/dialyxir.vim
@@ -25,10 +25,17 @@ function! ale_linters#elixir#dialyxir#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    return l:output
 endfunction

+function! ale_linters#elixir#dialyxir#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:project_root = ale#handlers#elixir#FindMixProjectRoot(a:buffer)
+
+    return ale#path#CdString(l:project_root)
+    \ . ' mix help dialyzer && mix dialyzer'
+endfunction
+
 call ale#linter#Define('elixir', {
 \   'name': 'dialyxir',
 \   'executable': 'mix',
-\   'command': 'mix dialyzer',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#elixir#dialyxir#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#elixir#dialyxir#Handle',
 \})

--- a/ale_linters/elixir/dogma.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/elixir/dogma.vim
@@ -29,10 +29,17 @@ function! ale_linters#elixir#dogma#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    return l:output
 endfunction

+function! ale_linters#elixir#dogma#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:project_root = ale#handlers#elixir#FindMixProjectRoot(a:buffer)
+
+    return ale#path#CdString(l:project_root)
+    \ . ' mix help dogma && mix dogma %s --format=flycheck'
+endfunction
+
 call ale#linter#Define('elixir', {
 \   'name': 'dogma',
 \   'executable': 'mix',
-\   'command': 'mix help dogma && mix dogma %s --format=flycheck',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#elixir#dogma#GetCommand',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#elixir#dogma#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/elixir/mix.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/elixir/mix.vim
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ function! ale_linters#elixir#mix#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    "
    " TODO: Warning format
    " warning: variable "foobar" does not exist and is being expanded to "foobar()", please use parentheses to remove the ambiguity or change the variable name
-
    let l:pattern = '\v\(([^\)]+Error)\) ([^:]+):([^:]+): (.+)$'
    let l:output = []

@@ -30,16 +29,8 @@ function! ale_linters#elixir#mix#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    return l:output
 endfunction

-function! ale_linters#elixir#mix#FindProjectRoot(buffer) abort
-    let l:mix_file = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'mix.exs')
-    if !empty(l:mix_file)
-      return fnamemodify(l:mix_file, ':p:h')
-    endif
-    return '.'
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#elixir#mix#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:project_root = ale_linters#elixir#mix#FindProjectRoot(a:buffer)
+    let l:project_root = ale#handlers#elixir#FindMixProjectRoot(a:buffer)

    let l:temp_dir = ale#engine#CreateDirectory(a:buffer)

@@ -48,8 +39,8 @@ function! ale_linters#elixir#mix#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    \   : 'MIX_BUILD_PATH=' . ale#Escape(l:temp_dir)

    return ale#path#CdString(l:project_root)
-          \ . l:mix_build_path
-          \ . ' mix compile %s'
+    \ . l:mix_build_path
+    \ . ' mix compile %s'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('elixir', {
--- a/ale_linters/elm/make.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/elm/make.vim
@@ -4,12 +4,6 @@
 call ale#Set('elm_make_executable', 'elm')
 call ale#Set('elm_make_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))

-function! ale_linters#elm#make#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'elm_make', [
-    \   'node_modules/.bin/elm',
-    \])
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#elm#make#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    let l:output = []
    let l:unparsed_lines = []
@@ -128,14 +122,7 @@ function! ale_linters#elm#make#HandleElm018Line(line, output) abort
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#elm#make#FileIsBuffer(path) abort
-    let l:is_windows = has('win32')
-    let l:temp_dir = l:is_windows ? $TMP : $TMPDIR
-
-    if has('win32')
-        return a:path[0:len(l:temp_dir) - 1] is? l:temp_dir
-    else
-        return a:path[0:len(l:temp_dir) - 1] is# l:temp_dir
-    endif
+    return ale#path#IsTempName(a:path)
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#elm#make#ParseMessage(message) abort
@@ -143,7 +130,7 @@ function! ale_linters#elm#make#ParseMessage(message) abort
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#elm#make#ParseMessageItem(item) abort
-    if type(a:item) == type('')
+    if type(a:item) is v:t_string
        return a:item
    else
        return a:item.string
@@ -154,7 +141,6 @@ endfunction
 " If it doesn't, then this will fail when imports are needed.
 function! ale_linters#elm#make#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:elm_json = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'elm.json')
-    let l:elm_exe = ale_linters#elm#make#GetExecutable(a:buffer)

    if empty(l:elm_json)
        " Fallback to Elm 0.18
@@ -172,18 +158,15 @@ function! ale_linters#elm#make#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    " a sort of flag to tell the compiler not to generate an output file,
    " which is why this is hard coded here.
    " Source: https://github.com/elm-lang/elm-compiler/blob/19d5a769b30ec0b2fc4475985abb4cd94cd1d6c3/builder/src/Generate/Output.hs#L253
-    let l:elm_cmd = ale#Escape(l:elm_exe)
-    \   . ' make'
-    \   . ' --report=json'
-    \   . ' --output=/dev/null'
-
-    return l:dir_set_cmd . ' ' . l:elm_cmd . ' %t'
+    return l:dir_set_cmd . '%e make --report=json --output=/dev/null %t'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('elm', {
-\    'name': 'make',
-\    'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#elm#make#GetExecutable',
-\    'output_stream': 'both',
-\    'command_callback': 'ale_linters#elm#make#GetCommand',
-\    'callback': 'ale_linters#elm#make#Handle'
+\   'name': 'make',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('elm_make', [
+\       'node_modules/.bin/elm',
+\   ]),
+\   'output_stream': 'both',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#elm#make#GetCommand',
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#elm#make#Handle'
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/erlang/erlc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/erlang/erlc.vim
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 let g:ale_erlang_erlc_options = get(g:, 'ale_erlang_erlc_options', '')

 function! ale_linters#erlang#erlc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:output_file = tempname()
+    let l:output_file = ale#util#Tempname()
    call ale#engine#ManageFile(a:buffer, l:output_file)

    return 'erlc -o ' . ale#Escape(l:output_file)
--- a/ale_linters/erlang/syntaxerl.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/erlang/syntaxerl.vim
@@ -3,24 +3,12 @@

 call ale#Set('erlang_syntaxerl_executable', 'syntaxerl')

-
-function! ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'erlang_syntaxerl_executable')
-endfunction
-
-
-function! ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#FeatureCheck(buffer) abort
-    return s:GetEscapedExecutable(a:buffer) . ' -h'
-endfunction
-
-
 function! ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#GetCommand(buffer, output) abort
    let l:use_b_option = match(a:output, '\C\V-b, --base\>') > -1

-    return s:GetEscapedExecutable(a:buffer) . (l:use_b_option ? ' -b %s %t' : ' %t')
+    return '%e' . (l:use_b_option ? ' -b %s %t' : ' %t')
 endfunction

-
 function! ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    let l:pattern = '\v\C:(\d+):( warning:)? (.+)'
    let l:loclist = []
@@ -36,17 +24,11 @@ function! ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    return l:loclist
 endfunction

-
-function! s:GetEscapedExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
-endfunction
-
-
 call ale#linter#Define('erlang', {
 \   'name': 'syntaxerl',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('erlang_syntaxerl_executable'),
 \   'command_chain': [
-\       {'callback': 'ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#FeatureCheck'},
+\       {'callback': {-> '%e -h'}},
 \       {'callback': 'ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#GetCommand'},
 \   ],
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#erlang#syntaxerl#Handle',
--- a/ale_linters/fortran/gcc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/fortran/gcc.vim
@@ -2,18 +2,10 @@
 " Description: gcc for Fortran files

 " This option can be set to 0 to use -ffixed-form
-if !exists('g:ale_fortran_gcc_use_free_form')
-    let g:ale_fortran_gcc_use_free_form = 1
-endif
-
-if !exists('g:ale_fortran_gcc_executable')
-    let g:ale_fortran_gcc_executable = 'gcc'
-endif
-
+call ale#Set('fortran_gcc_use_free_form', 1)
+call ale#Set('fortran_gcc_executable', 'gcc')
 " Set this option to change the GCC options for warnings for Fortran.
-if !exists('g:ale_fortran_gcc_options')
-    let g:ale_fortran_gcc_options = '-Wall'
-endif
+call ale#Set('fortran_gcc_options', '-Wall')

 function! ale_linters#fortran#gcc#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    " We have to match a starting line and a later ending line together,
@@ -61,26 +53,20 @@ function! ale_linters#fortran#gcc#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    return l:output
 endfunction

-function! ale_linters#fortran#gcc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'fortran_gcc_executable')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#fortran#gcc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:layout_option = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'fortran_gcc_use_free_form')
    \   ? '-ffree-form'
    \   : '-ffixed-form'

-    return ale_linters#fortran#gcc#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
-    \   . ' -S -x f95 -fsyntax-only '
-    \   . l:layout_option . ' '
-    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'fortran_gcc_options') . ' '
-    \   . '-'
+    return '%e -S -x f95 -fsyntax-only ' . l:layout_option
+    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'fortran_gcc_options'))
+    \   . ' -'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('fortran', {
 \   'name': 'gcc',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#fortran#gcc#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('fortran_gcc_executable'),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#fortran#gcc#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#fortran#gcc#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/fortran/language_server.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/fortran/language_server.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+" Author: unpairedbracket ben.spiers22@gmail.com
+" Description: A language server for fortran
+
+call ale#Set('fortran_language_server_executable', 'fortls')
+call ale#Set('fortran_language_server_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))
+
+function! ale_linters#fortran#language_server#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
+    let l:fortls_file = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, '.fortls')
+
+    return !empty(l:fortls_file) ? fnamemodify(l:fortls_file, ':h') : ''
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('fortran', {
+\   'name': 'language_server',
+\   'lsp': 'stdio',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('fortran_language_server_executable'),
+\   'command': '%e',
+\   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#fortran#language_server#GetProjectRoot',
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/fuse/fusionlint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/fuse/fusionlint.vim
@@ -1,19 +1,11 @@
 " Author: RyanSquared <vandor2012@gmail.com>
 " Description: `fusion-lint` linter for FusionScript files

-let g:ale_fuse_fusionlint_executable =
-\   get(g:, 'ale_fuse_fusionlint_executable', 'fusion-lint')
-
-let g:ale_fuse_fusionlint_options =
-\   get(g:, 'ale_fuse_fusionlint_options', '')
-
-function! ale_linters#fuse#fusionlint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'fuse_fusionlint_executable')
-endfunction
+call ale#Set('fuse_fusionlint_executable', 'fusion-lint')
+call ale#Set('fuse_fusionlint_options', '')

 function! ale_linters#fuse#fusionlint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#fuse#fusionlint#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
-    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'fuse_fusionlint_options')
+    return '%e' . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'fuse_fusionlint_options'))
    \   . ' --filename %s -i'
 endfunction

@@ -35,7 +27,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('fuse', {
 \   'name': 'fusionlint',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#fuse#fusionlint#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('fuse_fusionlint_executable'),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#fuse#fusionlint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#fuse#fusionlint#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/gitcommit/gitlint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/gitcommit/gitlint.vim
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
 " Author: Nick Yamane <nick.diego@gmail.com>
 " Description: gitlint for git commit message files

-let g:ale_gitcommit_gitlint_executable =
-\   get(g:, 'ale_gitcommit_gitlint_executable', 'gitlint')
-let g:ale_gitcommit_gitlint_options = get(g:, 'ale_gitcommit_gitlint_options', '')
-let g:ale_gitcommit_gitlint_use_global = get(g:, 'ale_gitcommit_gitlint_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))
-
+call ale#Set('gitcommit_gitlint_executable', 'gitlint')
+call ale#Set('gitcommit_gitlint_options', '')
+call ale#Set('gitcommit_gitlint_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))

 function! ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
    return ale#python#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'gitcommit_gitlint', ['gitlint'])
@@ -13,12 +11,9 @@ endfunction

 function! ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'gitcommit_gitlint_options')
-    let l:executable = ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
-    return ale#Escape(l:executable)
-    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
-    \   . ' lint'
-endfunction

+    return '%e' . ale#Pad(l:options) . ' lint'
+endfunction

 function! ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    " Matches patterns line the following:
@@ -28,8 +23,10 @@ function! ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
        let l:code = l:match[2]

-        if l:code is# 'T2' && !ale#Var(a:buffer, 'warn_about_trailing_whitespace')
-            continue
+        if !ale#Var(a:buffer, 'warn_about_trailing_whitespace')
+            if l:code is# 'T2' || l:code is# 'B2'
+                continue
+            endif
        endif

        let l:item = {
@@ -45,7 +42,6 @@ function! ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    return l:output
 endfunction

-
 call ale#linter#Define('gitcommit', {
 \   'name': 'gitlint',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
@@ -53,4 +49,3 @@ call ale#linter#Define('gitcommit', {
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#gitcommit#gitlint#Handle',
 \})
-
--- a/ale_linters/glsl/glslang.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/glsl/glslang.vim
@@ -4,19 +4,13 @@
 " TODO: Once https://github.com/KhronosGroup/glslang/pull/1047 is accepted,
 " we can use stdin.

-let g:ale_glsl_glslang_executable =
-\ get(g:, 'ale_glsl_glslang_executable', 'glslangValidator')
-
-let g:ale_glsl_glslang_options = get(g:, 'ale_glsl_glslang_options', '')
-
-function! ale_linters#glsl#glslang#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'glsl_glslang_executable')
-endfunction
+call ale#Set('glsl_glslang_executable', 'glslangValidator')
+call ale#Set('glsl_glslang_options', '')

 function! ale_linters#glsl#glslang#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return ale_linters#glsl#glslang#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
-    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'glsl_glslang_options')
-    \   . ' ' . '-C %t'
+    return '%e'
+    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'glsl_glslang_options'))
+    \   . ' -C %t'
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#glsl#glslang#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
@@ -40,7 +34,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('glsl', {
 \   'name': 'glslang',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#glsl#glslang#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('glsl_glslang_executable'),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#glsl#glslang#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#glsl#glslang#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/glsl/glslls.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/glsl/glslls.vim
@@ -4,18 +4,15 @@
 call ale#Set('glsl_glslls_executable', 'glslls')
 call ale#Set('glsl_glslls_logfile', '')

-function! ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'glsl_glslls_executable')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:executable = ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
    let l:logfile = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'glsl_glslls_logfile')
    let l:logfile_args = ''
+
    if l:logfile isnot# ''
        let l:logfile_args = ' --verbose -l ' . l:logfile
    endif
-    return ale#Escape(l:executable) . l:logfile_args . ' --stdin'
+
+    return '%e' . l:logfile_args . ' --stdin'
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
@@ -27,8 +24,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('glsl', {
 \   'name': 'glslls',
 \   'lsp': 'stdio',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('glsl_glslls_executable'),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetCommand',
-\   'language': 'glsl',
 \   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#glsl#glslls#GetProjectRoot',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/go/gobuild.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/go/gobuild.vim
@@ -3,38 +3,15 @@
 " Description: go build for Go files
 " inspired by work from dzhou121 <dzhou121@gmail.com>

+call ale#Set('go_go_executable', 'go')
 call ale#Set('go_gobuild_options', '')

-function! ale_linters#go#gobuild#ResetEnv() abort
-    unlet! s:go_env
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#go#gobuild#GoEnv(buffer) abort
-    if exists('s:go_env')
-        return ''
-    endif
-
-    return 'go env GOPATH GOROOT'
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#go#gobuild#GetCommand(buffer, goenv_output) abort
+function! ale_linters#go#gobuild#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'go_gobuild_options')

-    if !exists('s:go_env')
-        let s:go_env = {
-        \   'GOPATH': a:goenv_output[0],
-        \   'GOROOT': a:goenv_output[1],
-        \}
-    endif
-
-    let l:gopath_env_command = has('win32')
-    \   ? 'set GOPATH=' . ale#Escape(s:go_env.GOPATH) . ' && '
-    \   : 'GOPATH=' . ale#Escape(s:go_env.GOPATH) . ' '
-
    " Run go test in local directory with relative path
-    return l:gopath_env_command
-    \   . ale#path#BufferCdString(a:buffer)
-    \   . 'go test'
+    return ale#path#BufferCdString(a:buffer)
+    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'go_go_executable') . ' test'
    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
    \   . ' -c -o /dev/null ./'
 endfunction
@@ -45,7 +22,6 @@ function! ale_linters#go#gobuild#GetMatches(lines) abort
    " file.go:27: missing argument for Printf("%s"): format reads arg 2, have only 1 args
    " file.go:53:10: if block ends with a return statement, so drop this else and outdent its block (move short variable declaration to its own line if necessary)
    " file.go:5:2: expected declaration, found 'STRING' "log"
-
    " go test returns relative paths so use tail of filename as part of pattern matcher
    let l:pattern = '\v^([a-zA-Z]?:?[^:]+):(\d+):?(\d+)?:? (.+)$'

@@ -70,12 +46,11 @@ function! ale_linters#go#gobuild#Handler(buffer, lines) abort
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('go', {
-\   'name': 'go build',
-\   'executable': 'go',
-\   'command_chain': [
-\     {'callback': 'ale_linters#go#gobuild#GoEnv', 'output_stream': 'stdout'},
-\     {'callback': 'ale_linters#go#gobuild#GetCommand', 'output_stream': 'stderr'},
-\   ],
+\   'name': 'gobuild',
+\   'aliases': ['go build'],
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('go_go_executable'),
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#go#gobuild#GetCommand',
+\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#go#gobuild#Handler',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/go/golangci_lint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/go/golangci_lint.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+" Author: Sascha Grunert <mail@saschagrunert.de>
+" Description: Adds support of golangci-lint
+
+call ale#Set('go_golangci_lint_options', '--enable-all')
+call ale#Set('go_golangci_lint_executable', 'golangci-lint')
+call ale#Set('go_golangci_lint_package', 0)
+
+function! ale_linters#go#golangci_lint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:filename = expand('#' . a:buffer . ':t')
+    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'go_golangci_lint_options')
+    let l:lint_package = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'go_golangci_lint_package')
+
+    if l:lint_package
+        return ale#path#BufferCdString(a:buffer)
+        \   . '%e run '
+        \   .  l:options
+    endif
+
+    return ale#path#BufferCdString(a:buffer)
+    \   . '%e run '
+    \   . ale#Escape(l:filename)
+    \   . ' ' . l:options
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#go#golangci_lint#GetMatches(lines) abort
+    let l:pattern = '\v^([a-zA-Z]?:?[^:]+):(\d+):?(\d+)?:?:?:?\s\*?(.+)$'
+
+    return ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#go#golangci_lint#Handler(buffer, lines) abort
+    let l:dir = expand('#' . a:buffer . ':p:h')
+    let l:output = []
+
+    for l:match in ale_linters#go#golangci_lint#GetMatches(a:lines)
+        " l:match[1] will already be an absolute path, output from
+        " golangci_lint
+        call add(l:output, {
+        \   'filename': ale#path#GetAbsPath(l:dir, l:match[1]),
+        \   'lnum': l:match[2] + 0,
+        \   'col': l:match[3] + 0,
+        \   'type': 'E',
+        \   'text': l:match[4],
+        \})
+    endfor
+
+    return l:output
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('go', {
+\   'name': 'golangci-lint',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('go_golangci_lint_executable'),
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#go#golangci_lint#GetCommand',
+\   'callback': 'ale_linters#go#golangci_lint#Handler',
+\   'lint_file': 1,
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/go/gometalinter.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/go/gometalinter.vim
@@ -5,12 +5,7 @@ call ale#Set('go_gometalinter_options', '')
 call ale#Set('go_gometalinter_executable', 'gometalinter')
 call ale#Set('go_gometalinter_lint_package', 0)

-function! ale_linters#go#gometalinter#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'go_gometalinter_executable')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#go#gometalinter#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:executable = ale_linters#go#gometalinter#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
    let l:filename = expand('#' . a:buffer . ':t')
    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'go_gometalinter_options')
    let l:lint_package = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'go_gometalinter_lint_package')
@@ -19,12 +14,12 @@ function! ale_linters#go#gometalinter#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    " be calculated to absolute paths in the Handler
    if l:lint_package
        return ale#path#BufferCdString(a:buffer)
-        \   . ale#Escape(l:executable)
+        \   . '%e'
        \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '') . ' .'
    endif

    return ale#path#BufferCdString(a:buffer)
-    \   . ale#Escape(l:executable)
+    \   . '%e'
    \   . ' --include=' . ale#Escape(ale#util#EscapePCRE(l:filename))
    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '') . ' .'
 endfunction
@@ -55,7 +50,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('go', {
 \   'name': 'gometalinter',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#go#gometalinter#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('go_gometalinter_executable'),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#go#gometalinter#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#go#gometalinter#Handler',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
--- a/ale_linters/go/gotype.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/go/gotype.vim
@@ -3,10 +3,9 @@

 function! ale_linters#go#gotype#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    if expand('#' . a:buffer . ':p') =~# '_test\.go$'
-        return
+        return ''
    endif

-
    return ale#path#BufferCdString(a:buffer) . ' gotype .'
 endfunction

--- a/ale_linters/go/govet.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/go/govet.vim
@@ -4,14 +4,23 @@
 " Author: John Eikenberry <jae@zhar.net>
 " Description: updated to work with go1.10

+call ale#Set('go_go_executable', 'go')
+call ale#Set('go_govet_options', '')
+
 function! ale_linters#go#govet#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return ale#path#BufferCdString(a:buffer) . ' go vet .'
+    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'go_govet_options')
+
+    return ale#path#BufferCdString(a:buffer) . ' '
+    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'go_go_executable') . ' vet '
+    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
+    \   . ' .'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('go', {
-\   'name': 'go vet',
+\   'name': 'govet',
+\   'aliases': ['go vet'],
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable': 'go',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('go_go_executable'),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#go#govet#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#go#Handler',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
--- a/ale_linters/go/langserver.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/go/langserver.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+" Author: Horacio Sanson <https://github.com/hsanson>
+" Description: Support for go-langserver https://github.com/sourcegraph/go-langserver
+
+call ale#Set('go_langserver_executable', 'go-langserver')
+call ale#Set('go_langserver_options', '')
+
+function! ale_linters#go#langserver#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = [ale#Escape(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'go_langserver_executable'))]
+    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'go_langserver_options')
+    let l:options = substitute(l:options, '-gocodecompletion', '', 'g')
+    let l:options = filter(split(l:options, ' '), 'empty(v:val) != 1')
+
+    if(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'completion_enabled') == 1)
+      call add(l:options, '-gocodecompletion')
+    endif
+
+    let l:options = uniq(sort(l:options))
+
+    return join(extend(l:executable, l:options), ' ')
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('go', {
+\   'name': 'golangserver',
+\   'lsp': 'stdio',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('go_langserver_executable'),
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#go#langserver#GetCommand',
+\   'project_root_callback': 'ale#go#FindProjectRoot',
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/hack/hack.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/hack/hack.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+" Author: Fred Emmott <fe@fb.com>
+" Description: Hack support via `hack lsp`
+
+call ale#Set('hack_hack_executable', 'hh_client')
+
+function! ale_linters#hack#hack#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
+    let l:hhconfig = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, '.hhconfig')
+
+    return !empty(l:hhconfig) ? fnamemodify(l:hhconfig, ':h') : ''
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#hack#hack#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'hack_hack_executable')
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('hack', {
+\   'name': 'hack',
+\   'lsp': 'stdio',
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#hack#hack#GetExecutable',
+\   'command': '%e lsp --from vim-ale',
+\   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#hack#hack#GetProjectRoot',
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/hack/hhast.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/hack/hhast.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+" Author: Fred Emmott <fe@fb.com>
+" Description: Hack support via `hhast lsp`
+
+call ale#Set('hack_hhast_executable', 'vendor/bin/hhast-lint')
+
+function! ale_linters#hack#hhast#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
+    " Find the hack root, then figure out if it's also an HHAST root.
+    " Don't try to use lint configurations from vendor/foo/bar/hhast-lint.json
+    let l:hhconfig = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, '.hhconfig')
+
+    if empty(l:hhconfig)
+      return ''
+    endif
+
+    let l:root = fnamemodify(l:hhconfig, ':h')
+    let l:hhast_config = findfile('hhast-lint.json', l:root)
+
+    return !empty(l:hhast_config) ? l:root : ''
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#hack#hhast#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    let l:root = ale_linters#hack#hhast#GetProjectRoot(a:buffer)
+    let l:relative = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'hack_hhast_executable')
+    let l:absolute = findfile(l:relative, l:root)
+
+    return !empty(l:absolute) ? l:absolute : ''
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#hack#hhast#GetInitializationOptions(buffer) abort
+    return {'lintMode': 'open-files'}
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('hack', {
+\   'name': 'hhast',
+\   'lsp': 'stdio',
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#hack#hhast#GetExecutable',
+\   'command': '%e --mode lsp --from vim-ale',
+\   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#hack#hhast#GetProjectRoot',
+\   'initialization_options_callback': 'ale_linters#hack#hhast#GetInitializationOptions',
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/handlebars/embertemplatelint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/handlebars/embertemplatelint.vim
@@ -4,17 +4,6 @@
 call ale#Set('handlebars_embertemplatelint_executable', 'ember-template-lint')
 call ale#Set('handlebars_embertemplatelint_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))

-function! ale_linters#handlebars#embertemplatelint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'handlebars_embertemplatelint', [
-    \   'node_modules/.bin/ember-template-lint',
-    \])
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#handlebars#embertemplatelint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return ale_linters#handlebars#embertemplatelint#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
-    \   . ' --json %t'
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#handlebars#embertemplatelint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    let l:output = []
    let l:json = ale#util#FuzzyJSONDecode(a:lines, {})
@@ -42,7 +31,9 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('handlebars', {
 \   'name': 'ember-template-lint',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#handlebars#embertemplatelint#GetExecutable',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#handlebars#embertemplatelint#GetCommand',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('handlebars_embertemplatelint', [
+\       'node_modules/.bin/ember-template-lint',
+\   ]),
+\   'command': '%e --json %t',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#handlebars#embertemplatelint#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/haskell/cabal_ghc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/haskell/cabal_ghc.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+" Author: Eric Wolf <ericwolf42@gmail.com>
+" Description: ghc for Haskell files called with cabal exec
+
+call ale#Set('haskell_cabal_ghc_options', '-fno-code -v0')
+
+function! ale_linters#haskell#cabal_ghc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    return 'cabal exec -- ghc '
+    \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'haskell_cabal_ghc_options')
+    \   . ' %t'
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('haskell', {
+\   'name': 'cabal_ghc',
+\   'aliases': ['cabal-ghc'],
+\   'output_stream': 'stderr',
+\   'executable': 'cabal',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#haskell#cabal_ghc#GetCommand',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#haskell#HandleGHCFormat',
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/haskell/ghc-mod.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/haskell/ghc-mod.vim
@@ -2,14 +2,16 @@
 " Description: ghc-mod for Haskell files

 call ale#linter#Define('haskell', {
-\   'name': 'ghc-mod',
+\   'name': 'ghc_mod',
+\   'aliases': ['ghc-mod'],
 \   'executable': 'ghc-mod',
 \   'command': 'ghc-mod --map-file %s=%t check %s',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#haskell#HandleGHCFormat',
 \})

 call ale#linter#Define('haskell', {
-\   'name': 'stack-ghc-mod',
+\   'name': 'stack_ghc_mod',
+\   'aliases': ['stack-ghc-mod'],
 \   'executable': 'stack',
 \   'command': 'stack exec ghc-mod -- --map-file %s=%t check %s',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#haskell#HandleGHCFormat',
--- a/ale_linters/haskell/hdevtools.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/haskell/hdevtools.vim
@@ -4,19 +4,14 @@
 call ale#Set('haskell_hdevtools_executable', 'hdevtools')
 call ale#Set('haskell_hdevtools_options', get(g:, 'hdevtools_options', '-g -Wall'))

-function! ale_linters#haskell#hdevtools#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'haskell_hdevtools_executable')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#haskell#hdevtools#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#haskell#hdevtools#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
-        \ . ' check ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'haskell_hdevtools_options')
-        \ . ' -p %s %t'
+    return '%e check' . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'haskell_hdevtools_options'))
+    \ . ' -p %s %t'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('haskell', {
 \   'name': 'hdevtools',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#haskell#hdevtools#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('haskell_hdevtools_executable'),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#haskell#hdevtools#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#haskell#HandleGHCFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/haskell/hie.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/haskell/hie.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+" Author: Luxed <devildead13@gmail.com>
+" Description: A language server for Haskell
+
+call ale#Set('haskell_hie_executable', 'hie')
+
+function! ale_linters#haskell#hie#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'haskell_hie_executable')
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#haskell#hie#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
+    " Search for the stack file first
+    let l:project_file = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'stack.yaml')
+
+    " If it's empty, search for the cabal file
+    if empty(l:project_file)
+        let l:cabal_file = fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h')
+        let l:paths = ''
+
+        while empty(matchstr(l:cabal_file, '^\(\/\|\(\w:\\\)\)$'))
+            let l:cabal_file = fnamemodify(l:cabal_file, ':h')
+            let l:paths = l:paths . l:cabal_file . ','
+        endwhile
+
+        let l:project_file = globpath(l:paths, '*.cabal')
+    endif
+
+    " Either extract the project directory or take the current working
+    " directory
+    if !empty(l:project_file)
+        let l:project_file = fnamemodify(l:project_file, ':h')
+    else
+        let l:project_file = expand('#' . a:buffer . ':p:h')
+    endif
+
+    return l:project_file
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('haskell', {
+\   'name': 'hie',
+\   'lsp': 'stdio',
+\   'command': '%e --lsp',
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#haskell#hie#GetExecutable',
+\   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#haskell#hie#GetProjectRoot',
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/haskell/stack_build.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/haskell/stack_build.vim
@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@ function! ale_linters#haskell#stack_build#GetCommand(buffer) abort
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('haskell', {
-\   'name': 'stack-build',
+\   'name': 'stack_build',
+\   'aliases': ['stack-build'],
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'executable': 'stack',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#haskell#stack_build#GetCommand',
--- a/ale_linters/haskell/stack_ghc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/haskell/stack_ghc.vim
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 " Description: ghc for Haskell files, using Stack

 call ale#linter#Define('haskell', {
-\   'name': 'stack-ghc',
+\   'name': 'stack_ghc',
+\   'aliases': ['stack-ghc'],
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'executable': 'stack',
 \   'command': 'stack ghc -- -fno-code -v0 %t',
--- a/ale_linters/help/write-good.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/help/write-good.vim
@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
-" Description: write-good for vim Help files
-
-call ale#linter#Define('help', {
-\   'name': 'write-good',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetExecutable',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetCommand',
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#Handle',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/help/writegood.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/help/writegood.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
+" Description: write-good for vim Help files
+
+call ale#handlers#writegood#DefineLinter('help')
--- a/ale_linters/html/htmlhint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/html/htmlhint.vim
@@ -5,12 +5,6 @@ call ale#Set('html_htmlhint_options', '')
 call ale#Set('html_htmlhint_executable', 'htmlhint')
 call ale#Set('html_htmlhint_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))

-function! ale_linters#html#htmlhint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'html_htmlhint', [
-    \   'node_modules/.bin/htmlhint',
-    \])
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#html#htmlhint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'html_htmlhint_options')
    let l:config = l:options !~# '--config'
@@ -25,14 +19,14 @@ function! ale_linters#html#htmlhint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
        let l:options = substitute(l:options, '--format=unix', '', '')
    endif

-    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#html#htmlhint#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
-    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
-    \   . ' --format=unix %t'
+    return '%e' . ale#Pad(l:options) . ' --format=unix %t'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('html', {
 \   'name': 'htmlhint',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#html#htmlhint#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('html_htmlhint', [
+\       'node_modules/.bin/htmlhint',
+\   ]),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#html#htmlhint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#unix#HandleAsError',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/html/stylelint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/html/stylelint.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+" Author: Filipe Kiss <hello@filipekiss.com.br> http://github.com/filipekiss
+
+call ale#Set('html_stylelint_executable', 'stylelint')
+call ale#Set('html_stylelint_options', '')
+call ale#Set('html_stylelint_use_global', 0)
+
+function! ale_linters#html#stylelint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
+    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'html_stylelint', [
+    \   'node_modules/.bin/stylelint',
+    \])
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#html#stylelint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:executable = ale_linters#html#stylelint#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
+    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'html_stylelint_options')
+
+    return ale#Escape(l:executable)
+    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
+    \   . ' --stdin-filename %s'
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('html', {
+\   'name': 'stylelint',
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#html#stylelint#GetExecutable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#html#stylelint#GetCommand',
+\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#css#HandleStyleLintFormat',
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/html/tidy.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/html/tidy.vim
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ function! ale_linters#html#tidy#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    " On macOS, old tidy (released on 31 Oct 2006) is installed. It does not
    " consider HTML5 so we should avoid it.
    let l:executable = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'html_tidy_executable')
+
    if has('mac') && l:executable is# 'tidy' && exists('*exepath')
    \  && exepath(l:executable) is# '/usr/bin/tidy'
        return ''
@@ -37,14 +38,9 @@ function! ale_linters#html#tidy#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    \)
 endfunction

-function! ale_linters#html#tidy#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'html_tidy_executable')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#html#tidy#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    " Matches patterns lines like the following:
    " line 7 column 5 - Warning: missing </title> before </head>
-
    let l:pattern = '^line \(\d\+\) column \(\d\+\) - \(Warning\|Error\): \(.\+\)$'
    let l:output = []

@@ -67,7 +63,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('html', {
 \   'name': 'tidy',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#html#tidy#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('html_tidy_executable'),
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#html#tidy#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#html#tidy#Handle',
--- a/ale_linters/html/write-good.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/html/write-good.vim
@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
-" Description: write-good for nroff files
-
-call ale#linter#Define('html', {
-\   'name': 'write-good',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetExecutable',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetCommand',
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#Handle',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/html/writegood.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/html/writegood.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
+" Description: write-good for html files
+
+call ale#handlers#writegood#DefineLinter('html')
--- a/ale_linters/idris/idris.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/idris/idris.vim
@@ -4,21 +4,15 @@
 call ale#Set('idris_idris_executable', 'idris')
 call ale#Set('idris_idris_options', '--total --warnpartial --warnreach --warnipkg')

-function! ale_linters#idris#idris#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'idris_idris_executable')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#idris#idris#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'idris_idris_options')

-    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#idris#idris#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
-    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
-    \   . ' --check %s'
+    return '%e' . ale#Pad(l:options) . ' --check %s'
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#idris#idris#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    " This was copied almost verbatim from ale#handlers#haskell#HandleGHCFormat
-
+    "
    " Look for lines like the following:
    " foo.idr:2:6:When checking right hand side of main with expected type
    " bar.idr:11:11-13:
@@ -36,6 +30,7 @@ function! ale_linters#idris#idris#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
            else
                let l:corrected_lines[-1] .= l:line
            endif
+
            let l:corrected_lines[-1] = substitute(l:corrected_lines[-1], '\s\+', ' ', 'g')
        endif
    endfor
@@ -80,8 +75,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('idris', {
 \   'name': 'idris',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#idris#idris#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('idris_idris_executable'),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#idris#idris#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#idris#idris#Handle',
 \})
-
--- a/ale_linters/java/javac.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/java/javac.vim
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ function! ale_linters#java#javac#GetImportPaths(buffer) abort
    endif

    let l:classpath_command = ale#gradle#BuildClasspathCommand(a:buffer)
+
    if !empty(l:classpath_command)
        return l:classpath_command
    endif
@@ -36,10 +37,6 @@ function! s:BuildClassPathOption(buffer, import_paths) abort
    \   : ''
 endfunction

-function! ale_linters#java#javac#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'java_javac_executable')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#java#javac#GetCommand(buffer, import_paths) abort
    let l:cp_option = s:BuildClassPathOption(a:buffer, a:import_paths)
    let l:sp_option = ''
@@ -77,17 +74,15 @@ function! ale_linters#java#javac#GetCommand(buffer, import_paths) abort

    " Create .class files in a temporary directory, which we will delete later.
    let l:class_file_directory = ale#engine#CreateDirectory(a:buffer)
-    let l:executable = ale_linters#java#javac#GetExecutable(a:buffer)

    " Always run javac from the directory the file is in, so we can resolve
    " relative paths correctly.
    return ale#path#BufferCdString(a:buffer)
-    \ . ale#Escape(l:executable)
-    \ . ' -Xlint'
-    \ . ' ' . l:cp_option
-    \ . ' ' . l:sp_option
+    \ . '%e -Xlint'
+    \ . ale#Pad(l:cp_option)
+    \ . ale#Pad(l:sp_option)
    \ . ' -d ' . ale#Escape(l:class_file_directory)
-    \ . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'java_javac_options')
+    \ . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'java_javac_options'))
    \ . ' %t'
 endfunction

@@ -96,7 +91,6 @@ function! ale_linters#java#javac#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    "
    " Main.java:13: warning: [deprecation] donaught() in Testclass has been deprecated
    " Main.java:16: error: ';' expected
-
    let l:directory = expand('#' . a:buffer . ':p:h')
    let l:pattern = '\v^(.*):(\d+): (.+):(.+)$'
    let l:col_pattern = '\v^(\s*\^)$'
@@ -126,7 +120,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('java', {
 \   'name': 'javac',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#java#javac#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('java_javac_executable'),
 \   'command_chain': [
 \       {'callback': 'ale_linters#java#javac#GetImportPaths', 'output_stream': 'stdout'},
 \       {'callback': 'ale_linters#java#javac#GetCommand', 'output_stream': 'stderr'},
--- a/ale_linters/java/javalsp.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/java/javalsp.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+" Author: Horacio Sanson <https://github.com/hsanson>
+" Description: Support for the Java language server https://github.com/georgewfraser/vscode-javac
+
+call ale#Set('java_javalsp_jar', 'javacs.jar')
+
+function! ale_linters#java#javalsp#Executable(buffer) abort
+    return 'java'
+endfunction
+
+function! ale_linters#java#javalsp#Command(buffer) abort
+    let l:jar = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'java_javalsp_jar')
+
+    return ale#Escape('java -cp ' . l:jar . ' -Xverify:none org.javacs.Main')
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('java', {
+\   'name': 'javalsp',
+\   'lsp': 'stdio',
+\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#java#javalsp#Executable',
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#java#javalsp#Command',
+\   'language': 'java',
+\   'project_root_callback': 'ale#java#FindProjectRoot',
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/javascript/flow.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/javascript/flow.vim
@@ -91,7 +91,6 @@ function! s:GetDetails(error) abort
    let l:detail = ''

    for l:extra_error in a:error.extra
-
        if has_key(l:extra_error, 'message')
            for l:extra_message in l:extra_error.message
                let l:detail = s:ExtraErrorMsg(l:detail, l:extra_message.descr)
@@ -105,7 +104,6 @@ function! s:GetDetails(error) abort
                endfor
            endfor
        endif
-
    endfor

    return l:detail
@@ -161,7 +159,6 @@ function! ale_linters#javascript#flow#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
        endif

        call add(l:output, l:errorToAdd)
-
    endfor

    return l:output
--- a/ale_linters/javascript/flow_ls.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/javascript/flow_ls.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+" Author: t_t <jamestthompson3@gmail.com>
+" Description: Integrate ALE with flow-language-server.
+
+call ale#Set('javascript_flow_ls_executable', 'flow')
+call ale#Set('javascript_flow_ls_use_global',
+\    get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0)
+\)
+
+function! ale_linters#javascript#flow_ls#FindProjectRoot(buffer) abort
+    let l:flow_config = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, '.flowconfig')
+
+    if !empty(l:flow_config)
+        return fnamemodify(l:flow_config, ':h')
+    endif
+
+    return ''
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('javascript', {
+\   'name': 'flow-language-server',
+\   'lsp': 'stdio',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('javascript_flow_ls', [
+\       'node_modules/.bin/flow',
+\   ]),
+\   'command': '%e lsp --from ale-lsp',
+\   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#javascript#flow_ls#FindProjectRoot',
+\   'language': 'javascript',
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/javascript/jscs.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/javascript/jscs.vim
@@ -4,12 +4,6 @@
 call ale#Set('javascript_jscs_executable', 'jscs')
 call ale#Set('javascript_jscs_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))

-function! ale_linters#javascript#jscs#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'javascript_jscs', [
-    \   'node_modules/.bin/jscs',
-    \])
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#javascript#jscs#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    " Search for a local JShint config locaation, and default to a global one.
    let l:jscs_config = ale#path#ResolveLocalPath(
@@ -18,8 +12,7 @@ function! ale_linters#javascript#jscs#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    \   get(g:, 'ale_jscs_config_loc', '')
    \)

-    let l:command = ale#Escape(ale_linters#javascript#jscs#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
-    let l:command .= ' --reporter inline --no-colors'
+    let l:command = '%e --reporter inline --no-colors'

    if !empty(l:jscs_config)
        let l:command .= ' --config ' . ale#Escape(l:jscs_config)
@@ -60,8 +53,9 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('javascript', {
 \   'name': 'jscs',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#javascript#jscs#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('javascript_jscs', [
+\       'node_modules/.bin/jscs',
+\   ]),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#javascript#jscs#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#javascript#jscs#Handle',
 \})
-
--- a/ale_linters/javascript/jshint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/javascript/jshint.vim
@@ -4,12 +4,6 @@
 call ale#Set('javascript_jshint_executable', 'jshint')
 call ale#Set('javascript_jshint_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))

-function! ale_linters#javascript#jshint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'javascript_jshint', [
-    \   'node_modules/.bin/jshint',
-    \])
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#javascript#jshint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    " Search for a local JShint config locaation, and default to a global one.
    let l:jshint_config = ale#path#ResolveLocalPath(
@@ -18,8 +12,7 @@ function! ale_linters#javascript#jshint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    \   get(g:, 'ale_jshint_config_loc', '')
    \)

-    let l:command = ale#Escape(ale_linters#javascript#jshint#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
-    let l:command .= ' --reporter unix --extract auto'
+    let l:command = '%e --reporter unix --extract auto'

    if !empty(l:jshint_config)
        let l:command .= ' --config ' . ale#Escape(l:jshint_config)
@@ -32,7 +25,9 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('javascript', {
 \   'name': 'jshint',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#javascript#jshint#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('javascript_jshint', [
+\       'node_modules/.bin/jshint',
+\   ]),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#javascript#jshint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#unix#HandleAsError',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/javascript/tsserver.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/javascript/tsserver.vim
@@ -5,22 +5,13 @@ call ale#Set('javascript_tsserver_executable', 'tsserver')
 call ale#Set('javascript_tsserver_config_path', '')
 call ale#Set('javascript_tsserver_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))

-" These functions need to be defined just to comply with the API for LSP.
-function! ale_linters#javascript#tsserver#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
-    return ''
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#javascript#tsserver#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'javascript_tsserver', [
-    \   'node_modules/.bin/tsserver',
-    \])
-endfunction
-
 call ale#linter#Define('javascript', {
 \   'name': 'tsserver',
 \   'lsp': 'tsserver',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#javascript#tsserver#GetExecutable',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#javascript#tsserver#GetExecutable',
-\   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#javascript#tsserver#GetProjectRoot',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('javascript_tsserver', [
+\       'node_modules/.bin/tsserver',
+\   ]),
+\   'command': '%e',
+\   'project_root_callback': {-> ''},
 \   'language': '',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/json/jsonlint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/json/jsonlint.vim
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 function! ale_linters#json#jsonlint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    " Matches patterns like the following:
    " line 2, col 15, found: 'STRING' - expected: 'EOF', '}', ',', ']'.
-
    let l:pattern = '^line \(\d\+\), col \(\d*\), \(.\+\)$'
    let l:output = []

--- a/ale_linters/julia/languageserver.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/julia/languageserver.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+" Author: Bartolomeo Stellato <bartolomeo.stellato@gmail.com>
+" Description: A language server for Julia
+
+" Set julia executable variable
+call ale#Set('julia_executable', 'julia')
+
+function! ale_linters#julia#languageserver#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:julia_executable = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'julia_executable')
+    let l:cmd_string = 'using LanguageServer; server = LanguageServer.LanguageServerInstance(isdefined(Base, :stdin) ? stdin : STDIN, isdefined(Base, :stdout) ? stdout : STDOUT, false); server.runlinter = true; run(server);'
+
+    return ale#Escape(l:julia_executable) . ' --startup-file=no --history-file=no -e ' . ale#Escape(l:cmd_string)
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('julia', {
+\   'name': 'languageserver',
+\   'lsp': 'stdio',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('julia_executable'),
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#julia#languageserver#GetCommand',
+\   'language': 'julia',
+\   'project_root_callback': 'ale#julia#FindProjectRoot',
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/kotlin/kotlinc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/kotlin/kotlinc.vim
@@ -17,12 +17,14 @@ function! ale_linters#kotlin#kotlinc#GetImportPaths(buffer) abort
        return ''
    else
        let l:pom_path = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'pom.xml')
+
        if !empty(l:pom_path) && executable('mvn')
            return ale#path#CdString(fnamemodify(l:pom_path, ':h'))
                        \ . 'mvn dependency:build-classpath'
        endif

        let l:classpath_command = ale#gradle#BuildClasspathCommand(a:buffer)
+
        if !empty(l:classpath_command)
            return l:classpath_command
        endif
@@ -78,12 +80,13 @@ function! ale_linters#kotlin#kotlinc#GetCommand(buffer, import_paths) abort
    endif

    let l:fname = ''
+
    if ale#Var(a:buffer, 'kotlin_kotlinc_sourcepath') isnot# ''
        let l:fname .= expand(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'kotlin_kotlinc_sourcepath'), 1) . ' '
    else
        " Find the src directory for files in this project.
-
        let l:project_root = ale#gradle#FindProjectRoot(a:buffer)
+
        if !empty(l:project_root)
            let l:src_dir = l:project_root
        else
@@ -93,6 +96,7 @@ function! ale_linters#kotlin#kotlinc#GetCommand(buffer, import_paths) abort

        let l:fname .= expand(l:src_dir, 1) . ' '
    endif
+
    let l:fname .= ale#Escape(expand('#' . a:buffer . ':p'))
    let l:command .= l:kotlinc_opts . ' ' . l:fname

@@ -124,6 +128,7 @@ function! ale_linters#kotlin#kotlinc#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
        if l:buf_abspath isnot# l:curbuf_abspath
            continue
        endif
+
        let l:type_marker_str = l:type is# 'warning' ? 'W' : 'E'

        call add(l:output, {
--- a/ale_linters/kotlin/languageserver.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/kotlin/languageserver.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+" Author: MTDL9 <https://github.com/MTDL9>
+" Description: Support for the Kotlin language server https://github.com/fwcd/KotlinLanguageServer
+
+call ale#Set('kotlin_languageserver_executable', 'kotlin-language-server')
+
+function! ale_linters#kotlin#languageserver#GetProjectRoot(buffer) abort
+    let l:gradle_root = ale#gradle#FindProjectRoot(a:buffer)
+
+    if !empty(l:gradle_root)
+        return l:gradle_root
+    endif
+
+    let l:maven_pom_file = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'pom.xml')
+
+    if !empty(l:maven_pom_file)
+        return fnamemodify(l:maven_pom_file, ':h')
+    endif
+
+    return ''
+endfunction
+
+call ale#linter#Define('kotlin', {
+\   'name': 'languageserver',
+\   'lsp': 'stdio',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('kotlin_languageserver_executable'),
+\   'command': '%e',
+\   'language': 'kotlin',
+\   'project_root_callback': 'ale_linters#kotlin#languageserver#GetProjectRoot',
+\})
--- a/ale_linters/less/lessc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/less/lessc.vim
@@ -5,21 +5,10 @@ call ale#Set('less_lessc_executable', 'lessc')
 call ale#Set('less_lessc_options', '')
 call ale#Set('less_lessc_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))

-function! ale_linters#less#lessc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'less_lessc', [
-    \   'node_modules/.bin/lessc',
-    \])
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#less#lessc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:executable = ale_linters#less#lessc#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
-    let l:dir = expand('#' . a:buffer . ':p:h')
-    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'less_lessc_options')
-
-    return ale#Escape(l:executable)
-    \   . ' --no-color --lint'
-    \   . ' --include-path=' . ale#Escape(l:dir)
-    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
+    return '%e --no-color --lint'
+    \   . ' --include-path=' . ale#Escape(expand('#' . a:buffer . ':p:h'))
+    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'less_lessc_options'))
    \   . ' -'
 endfunction

@@ -49,7 +38,9 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('less', {
 \   'name': 'lessc',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#less#lessc#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('less_lessc', [
+\       'node_modules/.bin/lessc',
+\   ]),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#less#lessc#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#less#lessc#Handle',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
--- a/ale_linters/less/stylelint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/less/stylelint.vim
@@ -4,24 +4,17 @@ call ale#Set('less_stylelint_executable', 'stylelint')
 call ale#Set('less_stylelint_options', '')
 call ale#Set('less_stylelint_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))

-function! ale_linters#less#stylelint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#node#FindExecutable(a:buffer, 'less_stylelint', [
-    \   'node_modules/.bin/stylelint',
-    \])
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#less#stylelint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:executable = ale_linters#less#stylelint#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'less_stylelint_options')

-    return ale#Escape(l:executable)
-    \   . (!empty(l:options) ? ' ' . l:options : '')
-    \   . ' --stdin-filename %s'
+    return '%e' . ale#Pad(l:options) . ' --stdin-filename %s'
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('less', {
 \   'name': 'stylelint',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#less#stylelint#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('less_stylelint', [
+\       'node_modules/.bin/stylelint',
+\   ]),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#less#stylelint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale#handlers#css#HandleStyleLintFormat',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/llvm/llc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/llvm/llc.vim
@@ -3,22 +3,11 @@

 call ale#Set('llvm_llc_executable', 'llc')

-function! ale_linters#llvm#llc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'llvm_llc_executable')
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#llvm#llc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#llvm#llc#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
-    \   . ' -filetype=null -o='
-    \   . ale#Escape(g:ale#util#nul_file)
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#llvm#llc#HandleErrors(buffer, lines) abort
    " Handle '{path}: {file}:{line}:{col}: error: {message}' format
    let l:pattern = '\v^[a-zA-Z]?:?[^:]+: [^:]+:(\d+):(\d+): (.+)$'
-    let l:matches = ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)

-    return map(l:matches, "{
+    return map(ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern), "{
    \   'lnum': str2nr(v:val[1]),
    \   'col': str2nr(v:val[2]),
    \   'text': v:val[3],
@@ -28,8 +17,8 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('llvm', {
 \   'name': 'llc',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#llvm#llc#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('llvm_llc_executable'),
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#llvm#llc#GetCommand',
+\   'command_callback': {-> '%e -filetype=null -o=' . g:ale#util#nul_file},
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#llvm#llc#HandleErrors',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/lua/luac.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/lua/luac.vim
@@ -3,15 +3,6 @@

 call ale#Set('lua_luac_executable', 'luac')

-function! ale_linters#lua#luac#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'lua_luac_executable')
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#lua#luac#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:executable = ale_linters#lua#luac#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
-    return ale#Escape(l:executable) . ' -p - '
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#lua#luac#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    " Matches patterns line the following:
    "
@@ -33,8 +24,8 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('lua', {
 \   'name': 'luac',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#lua#luac#GetExecutable',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#lua#luac#GetCommand',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('lua_luac_executable'),
+\   'command': '%e -p -',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#lua#luac#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/lua/luacheck.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/lua/luacheck.vim
@@ -1,19 +1,11 @@
 " Author: Sol Bekic https://github.com/s-ol
 " Description: luacheck linter for lua files

-let g:ale_lua_luacheck_executable =
-\   get(g:, 'ale_lua_luacheck_executable', 'luacheck')
-
-let g:ale_lua_luacheck_options =
-\   get(g:, 'ale_lua_luacheck_options', '')
-
-function! ale_linters#lua#luacheck#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'lua_luacheck_executable')
-endfunction
+call ale#Set('lua_luacheck_executable', 'luacheck')
+call ale#Set('lua_luacheck_options', '')

 function! ale_linters#lua#luacheck#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Escape(ale_linters#lua#luacheck#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
-    \   . ' ' . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'lua_luacheck_options')
+    return '%e' . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'lua_luacheck_options'))
    \   . ' --formatter plain --codes --filename %s -'
 endfunction

@@ -46,7 +38,7 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('lua', {
 \   'name': 'luacheck',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#lua#luacheck#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('lua_luacheck_executable'),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#lua#luacheck#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#lua#luacheck#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/make/checkmake.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/make/checkmake.vim
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ function! ale_linters#make#checkmake#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
        \    'text': l:match[3],
        \})
    endfor
+
    return l:output
 endfunction

--- a/ale_linters/markdown/remark_lint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/markdown/remark_lint.vim
@@ -1,5 +1,15 @@
+scriptencoding utf-8
 " Author rhysd https://rhysd.github.io/, Dirk Roorda (dirkroorda), Adrián González Rus (@adrigzr)
 " Description: remark-lint for Markdown files
+call ale#Set('markdown_remark_lint_executable', 'remark')
+call ale#Set('markdown_remark_lint_use_global', get(g:, 'ale_use_global_executables', 0))
+call ale#Set('markdown_remark_lint_options', '')
+
+function! ale_linters#markdown#remark_lint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
+    let l:options = ale#Var(a:buffer, 'markdown_remark_lint_options')
+
+    return '%e' . ale#Pad(l:options) . ' --no-stdout --no-color'
+endfunction

 function! ale_linters#markdown#remark_lint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    " matches: '  1:4  warning  Incorrect list-item indent: add 1 space  list-item-indent  remark-lint'
@@ -14,10 +24,12 @@ function! ale_linters#markdown#remark_lint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
        \   'type': l:match[6] is# 'error' ? 'E' : 'W',
        \   'text': l:match[7],
        \}
+
        if l:match[3] isnot# ''
            let l:item.end_lnum = l:match[4] + 0
            let l:item.end_col = l:match[5] + 0
        endif
+
        call add(l:output, l:item)
    endfor

@@ -25,10 +37,12 @@ function! ale_linters#markdown#remark_lint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('markdown', {
-\   'name': 'remark-lint',
-\   'executable': 'remark',
-\   'command': 'remark --no-stdout --no-color %s',
+\   'name': 'remark_lint',
+\   'aliases': ['remark-lint'],
+\   'executable_callback': ale#node#FindExecutableFunc('markdown_remark_lint', [
+\       'node_modules/.bin/remark',
+\   ]),
+\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#markdown#remark_lint#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#markdown#remark_lint#Handle',
-\   'lint_file': 1,
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/markdown/write-good.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/markdown/write-good.vim
@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
-" Description: write-good for Markdown files
-
-call ale#linter#Define('markdown', {
-\   'name': 'write-good',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetExecutable',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetCommand',
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#Handle',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/markdown/writegood.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/markdown/writegood.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
+" Description: write-good for Markdown files
+
+call ale#handlers#writegood#DefineLinter('markdown')
--- a/ale_linters/matlab/mlint.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/matlab/mlint.vim
@@ -1,18 +1,7 @@
 " Author: awlayton <alex@layton.in>
 " Description: mlint for MATLAB files

-let g:ale_matlab_mlint_executable =
-\   get(g:, 'ale_matlab_mlint_executable', 'mlint')
-
-function! ale_linters#matlab#mlint#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'matlab_mlint_executable')
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#matlab#mlint#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    let l:executable = ale_linters#matlab#mlint#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
-
-    return l:executable . ' -id %t'
-endfunction
+call ale#Set('matlab_mlint_executable', 'mlint')

 function! ale_linters#matlab#mlint#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    " Matches patterns like the following:
@@ -48,8 +37,8 @@ endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('matlab', {
 \   'name': 'mlint',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#matlab#mlint#GetExecutable',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#matlab#mlint#GetCommand',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('matlab_mlint_executable'),
+\   'command': '%e -id %t',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#matlab#mlint#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/mercury/mmc.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/mercury/mmc.vim
@@ -4,16 +4,11 @@
 call ale#Set('mercury_mmc_executable', 'mmc')
 call ale#Set('mercury_mmc_options', '--make --output-compile-error-lines 100')

-function! ale_linters#mercury#mmc#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'mercury_mmc_executable')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#mercury#mmc#GetCommand(buffer) abort
    let l:module_name = expand('#' . a:buffer . ':t:r')

    return ale#path#BufferCdString(a:buffer)
-    \ . ale_linters#mercury#mmc#GetExecutable(a:buffer)
-    \ . ' --errorcheck-only '
+    \ . '%e --errorcheck-only '
    \ . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'mercury_mmc_options')
    \ . ' ' . l:module_name
 endfunction
@@ -38,7 +33,7 @@ endfunction
 call ale#linter#Define('mercury', {
 \   'name': 'mmc',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale_linters#mercury#mmc#GetExecutable',
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('mercury_mmc_executable'),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#mercury#mmc#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#mercury#mmc#Handle',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
--- a/ale_linters/nasm/nasm.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/nasm/nasm.vim
@@ -4,32 +4,23 @@
 call ale#Set('nasm_nasm_executable', 'nasm')
 call ale#Set('nasm_nasm_options', '')

-function! ale_linters#nasm#nasm#GetExecutable(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'nasm_nasm_executable')
-endfunction
-
-function! ale_linters#nasm#nasm#GetOptions(buffer) abort
-    return ale#Var(a:buffer, 'nasm_nasm_options')
-endfunction
-
 function! ale_linters#nasm#nasm#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    " Note that NASM require a trailing slash to the -I option.
-    let l:executable = ale#Escape(ale_linters#nasm#nasm#GetExecutable(a:buffer))
+    " Note that NASM requires a trailing slash for the -I option.
    let l:separator = has('win32') ? '\' : '/'
-    let l:path = ale#Escape(fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h') . l:separator)
-    let l:options = ale_linters#nasm#nasm#GetOptions(a:buffer)
+    let l:path = fnamemodify(bufname(a:buffer), ':p:h') . l:separator
+    let l:output_null = has('win32') ? 'NUL' : '/dev/null'

-    return l:executable
-    \   . ' -X gnu'
-    \   . ' -I ' . l:path
-    \   . ' ' . l:options
+    return '%e -X gnu -I ' . ale#Escape(l:path)
+    \   . ale#Pad(ale#Var(a:buffer, 'nasm_nasm_options'))
    \   . ' %s'
+    \   . ' -o ' . l:output_null
 endfunction

 function! ale_linters#nasm#nasm#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
    " Note that we treat 'fatal' as errors.
    let l:pattern = '^.\+:\(\d\+\): \([^:]\+\): \(.\+\)$'
    let l:output = []
+
    for l:match in ale#util#GetMatches(a:lines, l:pattern)
        call add(l:output, {
        \ 'lnum': l:match[1] + 0,
@@ -37,14 +28,15 @@ function! ale_linters#nasm#nasm#Handle(buffer, lines) abort
        \ 'text': l:match[3],
        \})
    endfor
+
    return l:output
 endfunction

 call ale#linter#Define('nasm', {
 \   'name': 'nasm',
-\   'executable': 'nasm',
 \   'output_stream': 'stderr',
 \   'lint_file': 1,
+\   'executable_callback': ale#VarFunc('nasm_nasm_executable'),
 \   'command_callback': 'ale_linters#nasm#nasm#GetCommand',
 \   'callback': 'ale_linters#nasm#nasm#Handle',
 \})
--- a/ale_linters/nroff/write-good.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/nroff/write-good.vim
@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
-" Description: write-good for nroff files
-
-call ale#linter#Define('nroff', {
-\   'name': 'write-good',
-\   'executable_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetExecutable',
-\   'command_callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#GetCommand',
-\   'callback': 'ale#handlers#writegood#Handle',
-\})
--- a/ale_linters/nroff/writegood.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/nroff/writegood.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+" Author: Sumner Evans <sumner.evans98@gmail.com>
+" Description: write-good for nroff files
+
+call ale#handlers#writegood#DefineLinter('nroff')
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More